Remodelling of the healthy foal’s conjunctival microbiome in the first two months of life

1. Bolyen E., Rideout J.R., Dillon M.R., Bokulich N.A., Abnet C.C., Al-Ghalith G.A., Alexander H., Alm E.J., Arumugam M., Asnicar F., Bai Y., Bisanz J.E., Bittinger K., Brejnrod A., Brislawn C.J., Brown C.T., Callahan B.J., Caraballo-Rodriguez A.M., Chase J., Cope E.K., Da Silva R., Diener C., Dorrestein P.C., Douglas G.M., Durall D.M., Duvallet C., Edwardson C.F., Ernst M., Estaki M., Fouquier J., Gauglitz J.M., Gibbons S.M., Gibson D.L., Gonzalez A., Gorlick K., Guo J., Hillmann B., Holmes S., Holste H., Huttenhower C., Huttley G.A., Janssen S., Jarmusch A.K., Jiang L., Kaehler B.D., Kang K.B., Keefe C.R., Keim P., Kelley S.T., Knights D., Koester I., Kościółek T., Kreps J., Langille M.G.I., Lee J., Ley R., Liu Y.X., Loftfield E., Lozupone C., Maher M., Marotz C., Martin B.D., McDonald D., McIver L.J., Melnik A.V., Metcalf J.L., Morgan S.C., Morton J.T., Naimey A.T., Navas-Molina J.A., Nothias L.F., Orchanian S.B., Pearson T., Peoples S.L., Petras D., Preuss M.L., Pruesse E., Rasmussen L.B., Rivers A., Robeson M.S., Rosenthal P., Segata N., Shaffer M., Shiffer A., Sinha R., Song S.J., Spear J.R., Swafford A.D., Thompson L.R., Torres P.J., Trinh P., Tripathi A., Turnbaugh P.J., Ul-Hasan S., van der Hooft J.J.J., Vargas F., Vázquez-Baeza Y., Vogtmann E., von Hippel M., Walters W., Wan Y., Wang M., Warren J., Weber K.C., Williamson C.H.D., Willis A.D., Xu Z.Z., Zaneveld J.R., Zhang Y., Zhu Q., Knight R., Caporaso J.G.: Reproducible, interactive, scalable and extensible microbiome data science using QIIME 2. Nat Biotechnol 2019, 37, 852–857, doi: 10.1038/s41587-019-0209-9. Bolyen E. Rideout J.R. Dillon M.R. Bokulich N.A. Abnet C.C. Al-Ghalith G.A. Alexander H. Alm E.J. Arumugam M. Asnicar F. Bai Y. Bisanz J.E. Bittinger K. Brejnrod A. Brislawn C.J. Brown C.T. Callahan B.J. Caraballo-Rodriguez A.M. Chase J. Cope E.K. Da Silva R. Diener C. Dorrestein P.C. Douglas G.M. Durall D.M. Duvallet C. Edwardson C.F. Ernst M. Estaki M. Fouquier J. Gauglitz J.M. Gibbons S.M. Gibson D.L. Gonzalez A. Gorlick K. Guo J. Hillmann B. Holmes S. Holste H. Huttenhower C. Huttley G.A. Janssen S. Jarmusch A.K. Jiang L. Kaehler B.D. Kang K.B. Keefe C.R. Keim P. Kelley S.T. Knights D. Koester I. Kościółek T. Kreps J. Langille M.G.I. Lee J. Ley R. Liu Y.X. Loftfield E. Lozupone C. Maher M. . Marotz C. Martin B.D. McDonald D. McIver L.J. Melnik A.V. Metcalf J.L. Morgan S.C. Morton J.T. Naimey A.T. Navas-Molina J.A. Nothias L.F. Orchanian S.B. Pearson T. Peoples S.L. Petras D. Preuss M.L. Pruesse E. Rasmussen L.B. Rivers A. Robeson M.S. Rosenthal P. Segata N. Shaffer M. Shiffer A. Sinha R. Song S.J. Spear J.R. Swafford A.D. Thompson L.R. Torres P.J. Trinh P. Tripathi A. Turnbaugh P.J. Ul-Hasan S. van der Hooft J.J.J. Vargas F. Vázquez-Baeza Y. Vogtmann E. von Hippel M. Walters W. Wan Y. Wang M. Warren J. Weber K.C. Williamson C.H.D. Willis A.D. Xu Z.Z. Zaneveld J.R. Zhang Y. Zhu Q. Knight R. Caporaso J.G. : Reproducible, interactive, scalable and extensible microbiome data science using QIIME 2 . Nat Biotechnol 2019 , 37 , 852 – 857 , doi: 10.1038/s41587-019-0209-9 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

2. Chaucheyras-Durand F., Sacy A., Karges K., Apper E.: Gastro-Intestinal Microbiota in Equines and Its Role in Health and Disease: The Black Box Opens. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 2517, doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10122517. Chaucheyras-Durand F. Sacy A. Karges K. Apper E. : Gastro-Intestinal Microbiota in Equines and Its Role in Health and Disease: The Black Box Opens . Microorganisms 2022 , 10 , 2517 , doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10122517 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

3. Chen Z., Xiang Z., Cui L., Quin X., Chen S., Jin H., Zou H.: Significantly different results in the ocular surface microbiome detected by tear paper and conjunctival swab. BMC Microbiol 2023, 23, 31, doi: 10.1186/s12866-023-02775-3. Chen Z. Xiang Z. Cui L. Quin X. Chen S. Jin H. Zou H. : Significantly different results in the ocular surface microbiome detected by tear paper and conjunctival swab . BMC Microbiol 2023 , 23 , 31 , doi: 10.1186/s12866-023-02775-3 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

4. Dong Q., Brulc J.M., Iovieno A., Bates B., Garoutte A., Miller D., Revanna K.V., Gao X., Antonopoulos D.A., Slepak V.Z., Shestopalov V.I.: Diversity of bacteria at healthy human conjunctiva. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011, 52, 5408–5413, doi: 10.1167/iovs.10-6939. Dong Q. Brulc J.M. Iovieno A. Bates B. Garoutte A. Miller D. Revanna K.V. Gao X. Antonopoulos D.A. Slepak V.Z. Shestopalov V.I. : Diversity of bacteria at healthy human conjunctiva . Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011 , 52 , 5408 – 5413 , doi: 10.1167/iovs.10-6939 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

5. Ferris M.J., Muyzer G., Ward D.M.: Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of 16S rRNA-defined populations inhabiting a hot spring microbial mat community. Appl Environ Microbiol 1996, 62, 340–346, doi: 10.1128/aem.62.2.340-346.1996. Ferris M.J. Muyzer G. Ward D.M. : Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of 16S rRNA-defined populations inhabiting a hot spring microbial mat community . Appl Environ Microbiol 1996 , 62 , 340 – 346 , doi: 10.1128/aem.62.2.340-346.1996 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

6. Gelatt K.N.: Congenital and acquired ophthalmic diseases in the foal. Anim Eye Res 1993, 12, 15–27, doi: 10.11254/jscvo.12.1-2_15. Gelatt K.N. : Congenital and acquired ophthalmic diseases in the foal . Anim Eye Res 1993 , 12 , 15 – 27 , doi: 10.11254/jscvo.12.1-2_15 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

7. Gemensky-Metzler A.J., Wilkie D.A., Kowalski J.J., Schmall L.M., Willis A.M., Yamagata M.: Changes in bacterial and fungal ocular flora of clinically normal horses following experimental application of topical antimicrobial or antimicrobial-corticosteroid ophthalmic preparations. Am J Vet Res 2005, 66, 800–811, doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.800. Gemensky-Metzler A.J. Wilkie D.A. Kowalski J.J. Schmall L.M. Willis A.M. Yamagata M. : Changes in bacterial and fungal ocular flora of clinically normal horses following experimental application of topical antimicrobial or antimicrobial-corticosteroid ophthalmic preparations . Am J Vet Res 2005 , 66 , 800 – 811 , doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.800 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

8. Huber K., Overman J.: Vicinamibacteraceae fam. nov., the first described family within the subdivision 6 Acidobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018, 68, 2331–2334, doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002841. Huber K. Overman J. : Vicinamibacteraceae fam . nov., the first described family within the subdivision 6 Acidobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018 , 68 , 2331 – 2334 , doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002841 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

9. Jost L.: Entropy and diversity. OIKOS 2006, 113, 363–375, doi :10.1111/j.2006.0030-1299.14714.x. Jost L. : Entropy and diversity . OIKOS 2006 , 113 , 363 – 375 , doi : 10.1111/j.2006.0030-1299.14714.x Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

10. Keller R., Hendrix D.: Bacterial isolates and antimicrobial susceptibilities in equine bacterial ulcerative keratitis (1993–2004). Eq Vet J 2005, 37, 207–211, doi: 10.2746/0425164054530731. Keller R. Hendrix D. : Bacterial isolates and antimicrobial susceptibilities in equine bacterial ulcerative keratitis (1993–2004) . Eq Vet J 2005 , 37 , 207 – 211 , doi: 10.2746/0425164054530731 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

11. Kim H.B., Borewicz K., White B.A., Singer R.S., Sreevatsan S., Tu Z.J., Isaacson R.E.: Microbial shifts in the swine distal gut in response to the treatment with antimicrobial growth promoter, tylosin. PNAS 2012, 109, 15485–15490, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1205147109. Kim H.B. Borewicz K. White B.A. Singer R.S. Sreevatsan S. Tu Z.J. Isaacson R.E. : Microbial shifts in the swine distal gut in response to the treatment with antimicrobial growth promoter, tylosin . PNAS 2012 , 109 , 15485 – 15490 , doi: 10.1073/pnas.1205147109 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

12. LaFrentz S., Abarca E., Mohammed H.H., Cuming R., Arias C.R.: Characterization of the normal equine conjunctival bacterial community using culture-independent methods. Vet Ophthalmol 2020, 23, 480–488, doi: 10.1111/vop.12743. LaFrentz S. Abarca E. Mohammed H.H. Cuming R. Arias C.R. : Characterization of the normal equine conjunctival bacterial community using culture-independent methods . Vet Ophthalmol 2020 , 23 , 480 – 488 , doi: 10.1111/vop.12743 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

13. Legaria M.C., Nastro M., Camporro J., Heger J., Barberis C., Stecher D., Rodriguez C.H., Vay C.A.: Peptostreptococcus anaerobius: Pathogenicity, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility. Review of monobacterial infections and addition of a case of urinary tract infection directly identified from a urine sample by MALDI-TOF MS. Anaerobe 2021, 72, 102461, doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102461. Legaria M.C. Nastro M. Camporro J. Heger J. Barberis C. Stecher D. Rodriguez C.H. Vay C.A. : Peptostreptococcus anaerobius: Pathogenicity, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility . Review of monobacterial infections and addition of a case of urinary tract infection directly identified from a urine sample by MALDI-TOF MS. Anaerobe 2021 , 72 , 102461 , doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102461 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

14. Manderwad G.P., Kodiganti M., Ali M.J.: Cardiobacterium hominis-induced acute dacryocystitis and lacrimal abscess. Indian J Ophthalmol 2014, 62, 495–497, doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.116461. Manderwad G.P. Kodiganti M. Ali M.J. : Cardiobacterium hominis-induced acute dacryocystitis and lacrimal abscess . Indian J Ophthalmol 2014 , 62 , 495 – 497 , doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.116461 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

15. Miller D., Iovieno A.: The role of microbial flora on the ocular surface. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2009, 9, 466–470, doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e3283303e1b. Miller D. Iovieno A. : The role of microbial flora on the ocular surface . Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2009 , 9 , 466 – 470 , doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e3283303e1b . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

16. Moore C.P., Heller N., Majors L.J., Whitley R.D., Burgess E.C., Weber J.: Prevalence of ocular microorganisms in hospitalized and stabled horses. Am J Vet Res 1988, 49, 773–777. Moore C.P. Heller N. Majors L.J. Whitley R.D. Burgess E.C. Weber J. : Prevalence of ocular microorganisms in hospitalized and stabled horses . Am J Vet Res 1988 , 49 , 773 – 777 . Search in Google Scholar

17. Moore E.R.B., Mihaylova S.A., Gomila M.: The Family Cardiobacteriaceae. In: The Prokaryotes, edited by E. Rosenberg, E.F. DeLong, S. Lory, E. Stackebrandt, F. Thompson, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2014, doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-38922-1_294. Moore E.R.B. Mihaylova S.A. Gomila M. : The Family Cardiobacteriaceae . In: The Prokaryotes , edited by Rosenberg E. DeLong E.F. Lory S. Stackebrandt E. Thompson F. , Springer , Berlin, Germany , 2014 , doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-38922-1_294 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

18. Nardi S., Nuti M., Nocera I., Sgorbini M., Marmorini P., Barsotti G.: Lacrimal secretion variation and menace response appearance in healthy standardbred foals from birth to four weeks of age. J Eq Vet Sci 2022, 116, 104050, doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104050. Nardi S. Nuti M. Nocera I. Sgorbini M. Marmorini P. Barsotti G. : Lacrimal secretion variation and menace response appearance in healthy standardbred foals from birth to four weeks of age . J Eq Vet Sci 2022 , 116 , 104050 , doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104050 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

19. Neu A., Allen E., Roy K.: Defining and quantifying a core microbiome: Challenges and prospects. PNAS 2021, 118, e2104429118, doi: 10.1073/pnas.2104429118. Neu A. Allen E. Roy K. : Defining and quantifying a core microbiome: Challenges and prospects . PNAS 2021 , 118 , e2104429118 , doi: 10.1073/pnas.2104429118 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

20. Nguyen V.G., Kim C.U., Do H.-Q., Shin S., Jang K.C., Park Y.H., Park B.K., Chung H.C.: Characteristics of Aerococcus viridans isolated from porcine fetuses in Korean farms. Vet Med Sci 2021, 7, 1325–1331, doi: 10.1002/vms3.456. Nguyen V.G. Kim C.U. Do H.-Q. Shin S. Jang K.C. Park Y.H. Park B.K. Chung H.C. : Characteristics of Aerococcus viridans isolated from porcine fetuses in Korean farms . Vet Med Sci 2021 , 7 , 1325 – 1331 , doi: 10.1002/vms3.456 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

21. Oren A.: The Family Xanthobacteraceae. In: The Prokaryotes, edited by E. Rosenberg, E.F. DeLong, S. Lory, E. Stackebrandt, F. Thompson, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2014, doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-30197-1_258. Oren A. : The Family Xanthobacteraceae . In: The Prokaryotes , edited by Rosenberg E. DeLong E.F. Lory S. Stackebrandt E. Thompson F. , Springer , Berlin, Germany , 2014 , doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-30197-1_258 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

22. Pan Z., Ma Y., Ma J., Dong W., Yao H.: Acute meningitis of piglets and mice caused by co-infected with Streptococcus suis and Aerococcus viridans. Microb Pathog 2017, 106, 60–64, doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.10.024. Pan Z. Ma Y. Ma J. Dong W. Yao H. : Acute meningitis of piglets and mice caused by co-infected with Streptococcus suis and Aerococcus viridans . Microb Pathog 2017 , 106 , 60 – 64 , doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.10.024 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

23. Petrillo F., Pignataro D., Lavano M.A., Santella B., Volliero V., Zannella C., Astarita C., Gagliano C., Franci G., Avitabile T., Galdiero M.: Current evidence on the ocular surface microbiota and related diseases. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 1033, doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8071033. Petrillo F. Pignataro D. Lavano M.A. Santella B. Volliero V. Zannella C. Astarita C. Gagliano C. Franci G. Avitabile T. Galdiero M. : Current evidence on the ocular surface microbiota and related diseases . Microorganisms 2020 , 8 , 1033 , doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8071033 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

24. Quast C., Pruesse E., Yilmaz P., Gerken J., Schweer T., Yarza P., Peplies J., Glöckner F.O.: The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: improved data processing and web-based tools. Nucl Acid Res 2012, 41, D590–D596, doi: 10.1093/nar/gks1219. Quast C. Pruesse E. Yilmaz P. Gerken J. Schweer T. Yarza P. Peplies J. Glöckner F.O. : The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: improved data processing and web-based tools . Nucl Acid Res 2012 , 41 , D590 – D596 , doi: 10.1093/nar/gks1219 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

25. Rummelt V., Boltze H., Jünemann A., Röllinghof M., Naumann G.: Persistence and transient microbial colonisation of the conjunctiva before planned intraocular surgery (in German). Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 1992, 201, 231–233, doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1045900. Rummelt V. Boltze H. Jünemann A. Röllinghof M. Naumann G. : Persistence and transient microbial colonisation of the conjunctiva before planned intraocular surgery (in German) . Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 1992 , 201 , 231 – 233 , doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1045900 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

26. Saishu N., Morimoto K., Yamasato H., Ozaki H., Murase T.: Characterization of Aerococcus viridans isolated from milk samples from cows with mastitis and manure samples. J Vet Med Sci 2015, 77, 1037–1042, doi: 10.1292/jvms.15-0100. Saishu N. Morimoto K. Yamasato H. Ozaki H. Murase T. : Characterization of Aerococcus viridans isolated from milk samples from cows with mastitis and manure samples . J Vet Med Sci 2015 , 77 , 1037 – 1042 , doi: 10.1292/jvms.15-0100 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

27. Santibáñez R., Lara F., Barros T.M., Mardones E., Cuadra F., Thomson P.: Ocular microbiome in a group of clinically healthy horses. Animals 2022, 12, 943, doi: 10.3390/ani12080943. Santibáñez R. Lara F. Barros T.M. Mardones E. Cuadra F. Thomson P. : Ocular microbiome in a group of clinically healthy horses . Animals 2022 , 12 , 943 , doi: 10.3390/ani12080943 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

28. Satora M., Magdziarz M., Rząsa A., Rypuła K., Płoneczka-Janeczko K.: Insight into the intestinal microbiome of farrowing sows following the administration of garlic (Allium sativum) extract and probiotic bacteria cultures under farming conditions. BMC Vet Res 2020, 16, 422, doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02659-y. Satora M. Magdziarz M. Rząsa A. Rypuła K. Płoneczka-Janeczko K. : Insight into the intestinal microbiome of farrowing sows following the administration of garlic (Allium sativum) extract and probiotic bacteria cultures under farming conditions . BMC Vet Res 2020 , 16 , 422 , doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02659-y . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

29. Scott E.M., Arnold C., Dowell S., Suchodolski J.S.: Evaluation of the bacterial ocular surface microbiome in clinically normal horses before and after treatment with topical neomycin-polymyxin-bacitracin. PLoS One 2019, 14, e0214877, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214877. Scott E.M. Arnold C. Dowell S. Suchodolski J.S. : Evaluation of the bacterial ocular surface microbiome in clinically normal horses before and after treatment with topical neomycin-polymyxin-bacitracin . PLoS One 2019 , 14 , e0214877 , doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214877 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

30. Shade A., Handelsman J.: Beyond the Venn diagram. The hunt for a core microbiome. Environ Microbiol 2012, 14, 4–12, doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02585.x. Shade A. Handelsman J. : Beyond the Venn diagram . The hunt for a core microbiome. Environ Microbiol 2012 , 14 , 4 – 12 , doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02585.x . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

31. Slobodkin A.: The Family Peptostreptococcaceae. In: The Prokaryotes, edited by E. Rosenberg, E.F. DeLong, S. Lory, E. Stackebrandt, F. Thompson, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2014, doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-30120-9_217. Slobodkin A. : The Family Peptostreptococcaceae . In: The Prokaryotes , edited by E. Rosenberg DeLong E.F. Lory S. Stackebrandt E. Thompson F. , Springer , Berlin, Germany , 2014 , doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-30120-9_217 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

32. Stackebrandt E.: The Family Aerococcaceae. In: The Prokaryotes, edited by E. Rosenberg, E.F. DeLong, S. Lory, E. Stackebrandt, F. Thompson. Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2014. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-30120-9_349. E. Stackebrandt : The Family Aerococcaceae . In: The Prokaryotes , edited by Rosenberg E. DeLong E.F. Lory S. Stackebrandt E. Thompson F. . Springer , Berlin, Germany , 2014 . doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-30120-9_349 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

33. St Leger A.J., Caspi R.R.: Visions of eye commensals: The known and the unknown about how the microbiome affects eye disease. Bioessays 2018, 40, 1800046, doi: 10.1002/bies.201800046. Leger A.J. St R.R. Caspi : Visions of eye commensals: The known and the unknown about how the microbiome affects eye disease . Bioessays 2018 , 40 , 1800046 , doi: 10.1002/bies.201800046 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

34. Verbanic S., Kim C.Y., Deacon J.M., Chen I.A.: Improved single-swab sample preparation for recovering bacterial and phage DNA from human skin and wound microbiomes. BMC Microbiol 2019, 19, 214, doi: 10.1186/s12866-019-1586-4. S. Verbanic C.Y. Kim J.M. Deacon I.A. Chen : Improved single-swab sample preparation for recovering bacterial and phage DNA from human skin and wound microbiomes . BMC Microbiol 2019 , 19 , 214 , doi: 10.1186/s12866-019-1586-4 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

35. Walsh M.L., Meason-Smith C., Arnold C., Suchodolski J.S., Scott E.M.: Evaluation of the ocular surface mycobiota in clinically normal horses. PLoS One 2021, 16, e0246537, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246537. M.L. Walsh C. Meason-Smith C. Arnold J.S. Suchodolski E.M. Scott : Evaluation of the ocular surface mycobiota in clinically normal horses . PLoS One 2021 , 16 , e0246537 , doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246537 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

36. Żak A., Siwińska A., Słowikowska M., Borowicz H., Płoneczka-Janeczko K., Chorbiński P., Niedźwiedź A.: Conjunctival aerobic bacterial flora in healthy Silesian foals and adult horses in Poland. BMC Vet Res 2018, 14, 261, doi: 10.1186/s12917-018-1598-6. A. Żak A. Siwińska M. Słowikowska H. Borowicz K. Płoneczka-Janeczko P. Chorbiński A. Niedźwiedź : Conjunctival aerobic bacterial flora in healthy Silesian foals and adult horses in Poland . BMC Vet Res 2018 , 14 , 261 , doi: 10.1186/s12917-018-1598-6 . Open DOISearch in Google Scholar