<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>The formation and function of the corpus luteum (CL) increase the likelihood of pregnancy and efficiently manage implantation. Apoptosis must occur at an appropriate time in the formation of the CL. This also affects its function. However, it is still unclear if the type of apoptosis affects the function.</p></sec>
<sec>
<h3>Material and Methods</h3>
<p>We conducted morphological analysis of the CL collected on day 15 between the middle and late oestrous phases of Yorkshire pigs and mini-pigs, and measured the difference in hormone expression and apoptosis using an immunoassay method and messenger RNA level.</p></sec>
<sec>
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>The CL cells were more uniform in the Yorkshire pigs than in the mini-pigs, and the composition of the CL was also fuller. The expression of luteinising hormone was higher in the Yorkshire pigs. Apoptosis and the rate of action of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were different between the two pig types. Expression of MMPs was higher in the Yorkshire pigs than in the mini-pigs. However, the expression of caspase 3 and 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, a progesterone inhibitor, was potentiated in the mini-pigs.</p></sec>
<sec>
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>Autophagy throughout the CL was more extensive in the Yorkshire pigs than in the mini-pigs, suggesting that autophagy and cell reorganisation by MMPs were highly correlated. The occurrence of autophagy in the formation and function of the CL may affect the action of hormones and expression of cell reconstitution factors.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
The formation and function of the corpus luteum (CL) increase the likelihood of pregnancy and efficiently manage implantation. Apoptosis must occur at an appropriate time in the formation of the CL. This also affects its function. However, it is still unclear if the type of apoptosis affects the function.

Material and Methods
We conducted morphological analysis of the CL collected on day 15 between the middle and late oestrous phases of Yorkshire pigs and mini-pigs, and measured the difference in hormone expression and apoptosis using an immunoassay method and messenger RNA level.

Results
The CL cells were more uniform in the Yorkshire pigs than in the mini-pigs, and the composition of the CL was also fuller. The expression of luteinising hormone was higher in the Yorkshire pigs. Apoptosis and the rate of action of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were different between the two pig types. Expression of MMPs was higher in the Yorkshire pigs than in the mini-pigs. However, the expression of caspase 3 and 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, a progesterone inhibitor, was potentiated in the mini-pigs.

Conclusion
Autophagy throughout the CL was more extensive in the Yorkshire pigs than in the mini-pigs, suggesting that autophagy and cell reorganisation by MMPs were highly correlated. The occurrence of autophagy in the formation and function of the CL may affect the action of hormones and expression of cell reconstitution factors.

Functional and morphological maturation of the full-sized and mini-pig corpus luteum by programmed cell death mechanism

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Introduction
The formation and function of the corpus luteum (CL) increase the likelihood of pregnancy and efficiently manage implantation. Apoptosis must...

Functional and morphological maturation of the full-sized and mini-pig corpus luteum by programmed cell death mechanism

Published Online: Jun 16, 2023

Page range: 307 - 314

Received: Oct 19, 2022

Accepted: Apr 14, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0023

Keywords
apoptosis, autophagy, matrix metalloproteinases, corpus luteum, porcine

© 2023 Ji-Hye Lee et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Functional and morphological maturation of the full-sized and mini-pig corpus luteum by programmed cell death mechanism

Published Online: Jun 16, 2023

Page range: 307 - 314

Received: Oct 19, 2022

Accepted: Apr 14, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0023

Keywordsapoptosis, autophagy, matrix metalloproteinases, corpus luteum, porcine

© 2023 Ji-Hye Lee et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
apoptosis, autophagy, matrix metalloproteinases, corpus luteum, porcine