<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec id="j_jvetres-2022-0046_s_005">
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common causes of death in humans in highly developed countries. Among its most frequent complications affecting the patient’s prognosis are cardiac arrhythmias: ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF).</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2022-0046_s_006">
<h3>Material and Methods</h3>
<p>The study aimed to characterise arrhythmias in 19 pigs subjected to experimentally induced MI obtained by occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery using an angioplasty balloon. The anaesthetic protocol was modified to reduce mortality by including procedures stabilising haemodynamic disorders which develop during episodes of ischaemia and arrhythmia. During 30 min of experimentally induced ischaemia, the heart rhythm was recorded using a 12-lead ECG. The time, frequency, and type of arrhythmias were analysed.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2022-0046_s_007">
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>Ventricular arrhythmias were found in 94.74% of the treated pigs. The most common were ventricular premature complexes, reported in 88.89% of pigs with arrhythmia. Ventricular tachycardia was recorded in 66.67% and ventricular fibrillation in 50% of pigs with arrhythmias.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2022-0046_s_008">
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>Myocardial infarction due to proximal LAD occlusion is characterised by a high incidence of ventricular arrhythmias, especially VT and VF. Because of the high survival rate, this MI porcine model may serve as a model for research on acute ischaemic ventricular arrhythmias in humans. Additionally, it reduces the total number of animals required for testing while yielding meaningful results, which is in line with the 3R principle.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common causes of death in humans in highly developed countries. Among its most frequent complications affecting the patient’s prognosis are cardiac arrhythmias: ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF).

Material and Methods
The study aimed to characterise arrhythmias in 19 pigs subjected to experimentally induced MI obtained by occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery using an angioplasty balloon. The anaesthetic protocol was modified to reduce mortality by including procedures stabilising haemodynamic disorders which develop during episodes of ischaemia and arrhythmia. During 30 min of experimentally induced ischaemia, the heart rhythm was recorded using a 12-lead ECG. The time, frequency, and type of arrhythmias were analysed.

Results
Ventricular arrhythmias were found in 94.74% of the treated pigs. The most common were ventricular premature complexes, reported in 88.89% of pigs with arrhythmia. Ventricular tachycardia was recorded in 66.67% and ventricular fibrillation in 50% of pigs with arrhythmias.

Conclusion
Myocardial infarction due to proximal LAD occlusion is characterised by a high incidence of ventricular arrhythmias, especially VT and VF. Because of the high survival rate, this MI porcine model may serve as a model for research on acute ischaemic ventricular arrhythmias in humans. Additionally, it reduces the total number of animals required for testing while yielding meaningful results, which is in line with the 3R principle.

The impact of a modified anaesthetic protocol on animal survival and the characteristics of ventricular arrhythmias in the course of acute myocardial infarction in a domestic pig model

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Introduction
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common causes of death in humans in highly developed countries. Among its most frequent...

The impact of a modified anaesthetic protocol on animal survival and the characteristics of ventricular arrhythmias in the course of acute myocardial infarction in a domestic pig model

Published Online: Aug 30, 2022

Page range: 435 - 447

Received: Mar 07, 2022

Accepted: Aug 18, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0046

Keywords
acute myocardial infarction, domestic pig model, proximal left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion, ventricular arrhythmias

© 2022 P. Frydrychowski et al. published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

The impact of a modified anaesthetic protocol on animal survival and the characteristics of ventricular arrhythmias in the course of acute myocardial infarction in a domestic pig model

Published Online: Aug 30, 2022

Page range: 435 - 447

Received: Mar 07, 2022

Accepted: Aug 18, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0046

Keywordsacute myocardial infarction, domestic pig model, proximal left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion, ventricular arrhythmias

© 2022 P. Frydrychowski et al. published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
acute myocardial infarction, domestic pig model, proximal left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion, ventricular arrhythmias