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Antimicrobial resistance and virulence factor gene profiles of Enterococcus spp. isolated from giant panda oral cavities

Rui Zhong

Rui Zhong

College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of SichuanChengdu, China
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Zhong, Rui
, 
Ziyao Zhou

Ziyao Zhou

College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of SichuanChengdu, China
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Zhou, Ziyao
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Haifeng Liu

Haifeng Liu

College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of SichuanChengdu, China
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Liu, Haifeng
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Zhijun Zhong

Zhijun Zhong

College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of SichuanChengdu, China
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Zhong, Zhijun
 and 
Guangneng Peng

Guangneng Peng

College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of SichuanChengdu, China
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Peng, Guangneng
  
Jun 08, 2021
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Published Online: Jun 08, 2021
Page range: 147 - 154
Received: Oct 20, 2020
Accepted: May 14, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2021-0030
Keywords
© 2021 R. Zhong et al. published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Introduction

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of antimicrobial-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium isolated from the oral cavities of captive giant pandas in China.

Material and Methods

The virulence-associated determinant and antimicrobial resistance genes were detected and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed on 54 strains of each bacterium.

Results

All isolates showed 100% multidrug resistance. E. faecalis isolates showed a higher percentage of strains resistant to gentamicin (48.1%), vancomycin (55.6%), linezolid (100%), and streptomycin (33.3%) than E. faecium isolates. The resistance genes of Enterococcus spp. were present to highly varying extents according to antibiotic type, their presence breaking down for E. faecalis and E. faecium respectively as aac(6')/aph(2″) 5.56% and 5.56%; aph(3')-Ⅲ 0% and 14.81%; ant(6)-I 0% and 3.7%; ant(4')-Ia 0% and 64.81%; tetL 20.37% and 100%; vanA 92.59% and 46.3%; vanB 0% and 0%; cfr 0% and 90.74%; optrA 96.3% and 3.7%; blaZ 0% and 1.85%; blaTEM 0% and 0%; tetA 20.37% and 0%; tetC 24.07% and 100%; tetM 0% and 0%; ermA 12.96% and 100%; ermB 5.56% and 3.7%; and ermC 0% and 1.85%.Virulence-associated determinants were detected in this research, which typically include efaA, gelE, asa1, ace, cylA, esp and hyl; however, the latter three were not detected. High proportions of the isolates carried the efaA, gelE, asa1, and ace genes. Respectively for E. faecalis and E. faecium their detection was efaA 98.1% and 85.2%; gelE 98.1% and 87%; asa1 92.6% and 87%; and ace 87% and 85.2%.

Conclusion

This is the first study on the potential disease risk and antimicrobial-resistant characteristics of E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates in giant panda oral cavities. The results of this study show that the antimicrobial resistance rate of Enterococcus spp. isolated from the oral cavity of captive pandas is very high, and thus needs to be monitored.
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English
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Journal Subjects:
Life Sciences, Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Virology, Life Sciences, other, Medicine, Veterinary Medicine
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