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Mouse (Mus musculus) embryonic cerebral cortex cell death caused by carbofuran insecticide exposure

Epy Muhammad Luqman

Epy Muhammad Luqman

  • Postgraduate SchoolSurabaya, Indonesia
  • Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSurabaya, Indonesia
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Luqman, Epy Muhammad
, 
I Ketut Sudiana

I Ketut Sudiana

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas AirlanggaSurabaya, Indonesia
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Sudiana, I Ketut
, 
Win Darmanto

Win Darmanto

Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga SurabayaSurabaya, Indonesia
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Darmanto, Win
, 
Agung Budianto Achmad

Agung Budianto Achmad

Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga SurabayaSurabaya, Indonesia
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Achmad, Agung Budianto
 and 
Widjiati,

Widjiati,

Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSurabaya, Indonesia
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Widjiati,
  
Sep 13, 2019
Mouse (Mus musculus) embryonic cerebral cortex cell death caused by carbofuran insecticide exposure's Cover Image
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Published Online: Sep 13, 2019
Page range: 413 - 421
Received: Dec 21, 2018
Accepted: Jul 02, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2019-0040
Keywords
© 2019 E.M. Luqman et al. published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Embryonic cerebral cortex neuron p53 expression in 6–15-day-old foetuses gestated by carbofuran-exposed mice (400×). Brown cells (marked by arrows) indicate p53-expressing neuronal cells a – p53 expression in the embryonic cerebral cortex (yellow box), b – control group, c – lower-dose group (0.0208 mg/kg b.w.), d – higher-dose group (0.0417 mg/kg b.w.)
Embryonic cerebral cortex neuron p53 expression in 6–15-day-old foetuses gestated by carbofuran-exposed mice (400×). Brown cells (marked by arrows) indicate p53-expressing neuronal cells a – p53 expression in the embryonic cerebral cortex (yellow box), b – control group, c – lower-dose group (0.0208 mg/kg b.w.), d – higher-dose group (0.0417 mg/kg b.w.)

Fig. 2

Embryonic cerebral cortex neuronal cell caspase 3 expression examined in 6–15-day-old foetuses gestated by CF-exposed mice. Arrows mark neuronal cells expressing caspase 3 a – caspase 3 expression located in the embryonic cerebral cortex (yellow box), b– control group, c – lower-dose group (0.0208 mg/kg b.w.), d – higher-dose group (0.0417 mg/kg b.w.)
Embryonic cerebral cortex neuronal cell caspase 3 expression examined in 6–15-day-old foetuses gestated by CF-exposed mice. Arrows mark neuronal cells expressing caspase 3 a – caspase 3 expression located in the embryonic cerebral cortex (yellow box), b– control group, c – lower-dose group (0.0208 mg/kg b.w.), d – higher-dose group (0.0417 mg/kg b.w.)

Fig. 3

Embryonic cerebral cortex neuron apoptosis examined in 6–15-day-old foetuses gestated by CF-exposed mice. Arrows mark apoptotic neurons (dark brownish cells) a – apoptotic neurons located in the embryonic cerebral cortex (yellow box), b – control group, c – lower-dose group (0.0208 mg/kg b.w.), d – higher-dose group (0.0417 mg/kg b.w.)
Embryonic cerebral cortex neuron apoptosis examined in 6–15-day-old foetuses gestated by CF-exposed mice. Arrows mark apoptotic neurons (dark brownish cells) a – apoptotic neurons located in the embryonic cerebral cortex (yellow box), b – control group, c – lower-dose group (0.0208 mg/kg b.w.), d – higher-dose group (0.0417 mg/kg b.w.)

Fig. 4

Embryonic neuron necrosis in 6–15-day-old foetuses gestated by CF-exposed mice. Neurons undergoing necrosis (marked by arrows) are shrunken and have solid pyknotic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm a – necrotic neurons located in the embryonic cerebral cortex (yellow box), b – control group, c – lower-dose group (0.0208 mg/kg b.w.), d – higher-dose group (0.0417 mg/kg b.w.)
Embryonic neuron necrosis in 6–15-day-old foetuses gestated by CF-exposed mice. Neurons undergoing necrosis (marked by arrows) are shrunken and have solid pyknotic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm a – necrotic neurons located in the embryonic cerebral cortex (yellow box), b – control group, c – lower-dose group (0.0208 mg/kg b.w.), d – higher-dose group (0.0417 mg/kg b.w.)

Results of MDA level, SOD activity, p53 and caspase 3 expression, and number of apoptotic and necrotic neuronal cells

Parameters Control 0.0208 mg/kg b.w. of carbofuran 0.0417 mg/kg b.w. of carbofuran
Malondialdehyde (nm/mg) 23.63 ± 10.56 a 28.26 ± 10.33 ab 35.76 ± 6.41 b
Superoxide dismutase activity (%) 59.91 ± 18.46 a 35.77 ± 4.31 b 34.23 ± 6.91 b
p53 expression 39.04 ± 6.44 a 54.75 ± 6.67 b 57.28 ± 9.61 b
Caspase 3 expression 25.44 ± 2.74 a 40.08 ± 6.68 b 44.13 ± 7.21 b
Neuronal apoptotic cell 49.13 ± 7.02 a 64.15 ± 8.08 b 71.60 ± 7.83 b
Neuronal necrotic cell 5.53 ± 3.03 a 9.91 ± 4.94 ab 13.27 ± 7.87 b
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Life Sciences, Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Virology, Life Sciences, other, Medicine, Veterinary Medicine
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