Open Access

Influence of Microbiologically Enriched Mineral Fertilizers on Selected Groups of Microorganisms in the Rhizosphere of Strawberry Plants

Lidia Sas-Paszt
Lidia Sas-Paszt
, 
Urszula Smolińska
Urszula Smolińska
, 
Beata Kowalska
Beata Kowalska
, 
Magdalena Szczech
Magdalena Szczech
, 
Anna Lisek
Anna Lisek
, 
Paweł Trzciński
Paweł Trzciński
, 
Sławomir Głuszek
Sławomir Głuszek
, 
Krzysztof Górnik
Krzysztof Górnik
, 
Edyta Derkowska
Edyta Derkowska
 and 
Beata Sumorok
Beata Sumorok
   | May 06, 2021
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Published Online: May 06, 2021
Page range: 35 - 46
Received: Aug 01, 2020
Accepted: Mar 01, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/johr-2021-0005
Keywords
© 2021 Lidia Sas-Paszt et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Isolation of actinomycetes and filamentous fungi from soil of strawberry rhizosphere

Treatment no. Treatments Actinomycetes A (cfu × 105·g DW−1 of soil) Actinomycetes B (cfu × 105·g DW−1 of soil) Filamentous fungi (cfu × 104·g DW−1 of soil) Actinomycetes A (cfu × 105·g DW−1 of soil) Actinomycetes B (cfu × 105·g DW−1 of soil) Filamentous fungi (cfu × 104·g DW−1 of soil)
2018 2019
1 control 20.0 ± 2.9 b 25.0 ± 3.1 b 15.5 ± 3.0 c 7.7 ± 2.5 d 24.6 ± 6.7 b 20.3 ± 1.1 ab
2 control + NPK 36.9 ± 13.2 b 50.0 ± 15.8 b 11.7 ± 2.7 c 18.6 ± 0.9 bcd 50.6 ± 12.7 ab 22.8 ± 8.8 ab
+Fungi
3 control + fungi 12.8 ± 0.8 b 16.1 ± 1.1 b 41.5 ± 0.1 a 14.3 ± 1.4 bcd 28.4 ± 1.0 ab 18.5 ± 3.5 ab
4 control + NPK + fungi 54.3 ± 6.5 b 68.3 ± 10.0 b 37.8 ± 3.7 ab 34.8 ± 6.3 abc 52.2 ± 6.1 ab 23.2 ± 5.9 ab
5 urea 100% + fungi 42.7 ± 10.8 b 52.0 ± 15.1 b 30.1 ± 6.8 b 52.1 ± 5.6 a 74.6 ± 8.7 a 30.9 ± 8.0 a
6 urea 60% + fungi 35.9 ± 14.2 b 50.8 ± 19.6 b 46.7 ± 0.7 a 12.7 ± 1.4 bcd 22.8 ± 0.3 b 8.0 ± 0.3 b
+Bacteria
7 control + bacteria 103.9 ± 7.8 a 110.7 ± 8.5 a 13.5 ± 2.8 c 18.2 ± 1.1 bcd 36.5 ± 0.3 ab 7.8 ± 1.6 b
8 control + NPK + bacteria 34.4 ± 11.7 b 42.5 ± 13.7 b 10.1 ± 2.3 c 11.0 ± 1.7 cd 19.0 ± 1.7 b 12.1 ± 1.3 ab
9 Polifoska 6 100% + bacteria 23.4 ± 6.1 b 36.6 ± 15.0 b 10.3 ± 1.9 c 38.5 ± 0.1 ab 55.1 ± 0.5 ab 22.1 ± 4.5 ab
10 Polifoska 6 100% + bacteria* 21.6 ± 4.7 b 28.3 ± 4.3 b 13.5 ± 0.3 c 18.9 ± 3.4 bcd 27.6 ± 5.4 ab 9.3 ± 2.6 ab
11 Polifoska 6 60% + bacteria 49.9 ± 16.0 b 55.3 ± 15.6 b 18.7 ± 2.8 c 32.1 ± 3.7 abcd 55.8 ± 15.1 ab 15.4 ± 3.3 ab
12 Super Fos Dar 40 100% + bacteria 28.7 ± 5.9 b 33.2 ± 4.5 b 16.7 ± 0.9 c 36.0 ± 11.4 abc 68.1 ± 16.7 ab 18.8 ± 4.3 ab
13 Super Fos Dar 40 60% + bacteria 23.4 ± 1.8 b 32.6 ± 0.2 b 6.2 ± 0.8 c 30.9 ± 12.1 abcd 61.7 ± 19.5 ab 28.3 ± 0.2 ab

Isolation of bacteria from soil of strawberry rhizosphere

Treatment no. Treatments Bacteria total count (cfu × 106·g DW−1 of soil) Pseudomonas total count (cfu × 103·g DW−1 of soil) Pseudomonas fluorescens (cfu × 103·g DW−1 of soil) Bacteria total count (cfu × 106·g DW−1 of soil) Pseudomonas total count (cfu × 103·g DW−1 of soil) Pseudomonas fluorescens (cfu × 103·g DW−1 of soil)
2018 2019
1 control 39.2 ± 7.4 ab 59.4 ± 26.8 a 27.4 ± 10.1 a 13.6 ± 3.7 e 13.9 ± 2.3 b 11.6 ± 1.8 c
2 control + NPK 30.9 ± 2.2 ab 76.5 ± 14.8 a 13.7 ± 3.9 a 7.1 ± 1.1 e 69.9 ± 2.3 a 60.3 ± 2.1 a
+ Fungi
3 control + fungi 28.4 ± 6,3 ab 42.7 ± 14.1 a 20.6 ± 10.0 a 10.9 ± 0.0 e 9.0 ± 1.9 b 8.3 ± 1.6 c
4 control + NPK + fungi 7.2 ± 1.5 b 61.2 ± 20.3 a 78.9 ± 1.6 a 8.4 ± 0.1 e 42.9 ± 2.9 ab 20.4 ± 1.0 c
5 urea 100% + fungi 43.8 ± 13.6 ab 162.4 ± 58.0 a 78.4 ± 32.0 a 10.1 ± 0.2 e 41.9 ± 5.1 ab 32.4 ± 5.4 bc
6 urea 60% + fungi 61.7 ± 15.3 a 129.6 ± 32.2 a 77.7 ± 24.4 a 54.0 ± 0.6 b 50.1 ± 11.9 ab 26.3 ± 1.2 c
+ Bacteria
7 control + bacteria 39.7 ± 10.1 ab 100.9 ± 39.5 a 54.2 ± 18.7 a 32.6 ± 6.6 d 35.4 ± 1.8 ab 12.2 ± 2.9 c
8 control + NPK + bacteria 18.2 ± 0.7 b 72.6 ± 29.9 a 48.8 ± 14.4 a 7.4 ± 0.8 e 28.5 ± 6.1 ab 22.9 ± 5. c
9 Polifoska 6 100% + bacteria 25.1 ± 6.7 ab 172.6 ± 54.9 a 24.3 ± 2.9 a 69.3 ± 10.2 a 41.6 ± 8.3 ab 34.6 ± 7.7 bc
10 Polifoska 6 100% + bacteria* 36.9 ± 5.3 ab 80.3 ± 31.2 a 32.0 ± 0.3 a 31.6 ± 1.2 cd 49.3 ± 17.2 ab 15.4 ± 1.6 c
11 Polifoska 6 60% + bacteria 61.5 ± 2.3 a 138.2 ± 41.5 a 47.2 ± 16.1 a 7.7 ± 0.2 e 54.6 ± 14.8 ab 40.0 ± 7.5 abc
12 Super Fos Dar 40 100% + bacteria 34.2 ± 14.5 ab 79.2 ± 30.9 a 54.4 ± 19.7 a 21.2 ± 0.5 de 66.3 ± 18.1 a 56.6 ± 17.1 ab
13 Super Fos Dar 40 60% + bacteria 29.8 ± 2.9 ab 92.9 ± 23.3 a 39.6 ± 12.2 a 43.5 ± 1.0 c 38.1 ± 11.5 ab 19.7 ± 8.0 c

Isolation of phosphorus bacteria from soil of strawberry rhizosphere

Treatment no. Treatments Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria A (cfu × 104·g DW−1 of soil) Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria B (cfu × 104·g DW−1 of soil) Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria A (cfu × 104·g DW−1 of soil) Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria B (cfu × 104·g DW−1 of soil)
2018 2019
1 control 6.8 ± 0.7 bc 51.3 ± 7.1 a 14.6 ± 1.4 bc 36.1 ± 7.5 b
2 control + NPK 9.6 ± 1.8 bc 38.4 ± 0.8 a 28.5 ± 4.5 abc 54.7 ± 10.9 ab
+Fungi
3 control + fungi 5.3 ± 1.3 bc 49.1 ± 18.4 a 18.9 ± 4.3 bcd 45.0 ± 9.0 ab
4 control + NPK + fungi 13.2 ± 0.8 ab 74.3 ± 21.5 a 31.4 ± 0.8 ab 60.1 ± 3.6 ab
5 urea 100% + fungi 18.6 ± 5.2 ab 56.0 ± 9.3 a 14.8 ± 2.3 bc 34.4 ± 7.5 b
6 urea 60% + fungi 7.0 ± 1.7 bc 66.6 ± 13.9 a 35.2 ± 2.9 a 75.5 ± 5.2 a
+Bacteria
7 control + bacteria 6.7 ± 0.8 bc 62.9 ± 7.1 a 20.8 ± 3.2 bcd 37.3 ± 4.8 b
8 control + NPK + bacteria 7.0 ± 3.2 bc 48.7 ± 3.2 a 12.5 ± 1.6 d 27.8 ± 2.0 b
9 Polifoska 6 100% + bacteria 9.3 ± 2.0 bc 49.3 ± 6.2 a 25.7 ± 1.5 abc 52.4 ± 4.7 ab
10 Polifoska 6 100% + bacteria* 25.5 ± 0.1 a 52.2 ± 4.7 a 16.6 ± 4.3 cd 31.9 ± 6.7 b
11 Polifoska 6 60% + bacteria 3.0 ± 0.8 c 64.5 ± 6.7 a 20.8 ± 2.0 bcd 51.9 ± 3.3 ab
12 Super Fos Dar 40 100% + bacteria 14.3 ± 5.9 ab 88.0 ± 27.7 a 20.4 ± 3.2 bcd 46.0 ± 13.2 ab
13 Super Fos Dar 40 60% + bacteria 14.0 ± 3.7 ab 54.5 ± 12.6 a 17.8 ± 3.9 bcd 43.1 ± 12.6 ab

The list of treatments (dose of fertilizers per one stoneware)

Treatment no. Treatments Mineral fertilizers Microorganisms
1 control 0 0
2 control + NPK NPK (12 g Super Fos Dar 40, 50 g potassium salt, 35 g urea before planting and 12 g in midsummer) 0
3 control + fungi 0 Fungi (A. niger and P. lilacinum)
4 control + NPK + fungi NPK (as in 2) Fungi (as above)
5 urea 100% + fungi NPK, except urea in midsummer, 20 g Fungi (as above)
6 urea 60% + fungi NPK, except urea before planting, 20 g and 12 g in midsummer Fungi (as above)
7 control + bacteria 0 Bacteria (Bacillus sp., B. amyloliquefaciens, P. polymyxa added before planting)
8 control + NPK + bacteria NPK (as in 2) Bacteria (as above)
9 Polifoska 6 100% + bacteria Polifoska 6, 26 g, 33 g potassium salt, 30 g urea before planting and 20 g in midsummer Bacteria (as above, incorporated into the fertilizer during production of granules)
10 Polifoska 6 100% + bacteria* as in 9 Bacteria (as above but added to the soil before planting)
11 Polifoska 6 60% + bacteria Polifoska 6 decreased to 14 g and urea decreased to 18 g before planting, 30 g potassium salt Bacteria (as in 7)
12 Super Fos Dar 40 100% + bacteria NPK (as in 2) Bacteria (as in 7)
13 Super Fos Dar 40 60% + bacteria NPK (as in 2 but Super Fos Dar 40 decreased to 7 g, potassium salt decreased to 30 g and urea decreased to 20 g before planting Bacteria (as in 7)
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