<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

As a result of more restrictive legislation regarding the use of pesticides, over the last two decades, the demand for new soil fumigants has increased. These compounds can come from a variety of sources, including organic residues. In this study, we identified in the cassava wastewater volatiloma a molecule with potential to be developed as a new fumigant nematicide. Cassava wastewater (20 mL) releases volatile compounds toxic to <italic>Meloidogyne javanica</italic> second-stage juveniles (J2), causing J2 mortality up to 89%. Through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, eight compounds were identified in the cassava wastewater volatiloma, with alcohols being the major class. The compounds ethyl butanoate and butyric acid identified in cassava wastewater volatiloma were selected for <italic>in vitro</italic> nematicidal activities and substrate fumigation tests. The lethal concentration predicted LC50–48 hr values (effective doses to kill 50% of <italic>M. javanica</italic> J2 population after 48 h of exposure) were 172.6 μg ∙ mL<bold>-</bold>1 and 301.2 μg ∙ mL<bold>-</bold>1 for butyric acid and ethyl butanoate, respectively. In a pot assay, the application of butyric acid and ethyl butanoate as a soil fumigant, at a dose of 0.5 mL ∙ kg<bold>-</bold>1 substrate, significantly (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05) decreased <italic>M. javanica</italic> infectivity and reproduction compared to the negative control (water). However, ethyl butanoate proved to be a more efficient soil fumigant (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05) than butyric acid, as its application reduced the number of galls and eggs to the level of the commercial fumigant Dazomet. This study is the first to demonstrate the potential of ethyl butanoate as a soil fumigant against <italic>M. javanica</italic>.
</abstract>

As a result of more restrictive legislation regarding the use of pesticides, over the last two decades, the demand for new soil fumigants has increased. These compounds can come from a variety of sources, including organic residues. In this study, we identified in the cassava wastewater volatiloma a molecule with potential to be developed as a new fumigant nematicide. Cassava wastewater (20 mL) releases volatile compounds toxic to Meloidogyne javanica second-stage juveniles (J2), causing J2 mortality up to 89%. Through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, eight compounds were identified in the cassava wastewater volatiloma, with alcohols being the major class. The compounds ethyl butanoate and butyric acid identified in cassava wastewater volatiloma were selected for in vitro nematicidal activities and substrate fumigation tests. The lethal concentration predicted LC50–48 hr values (effective doses to kill 50% of M. javanica J2 population after 48 h of exposure) were 172.6 μg ∙ mL-1 and 301.2 μg ∙ mL-1 for butyric acid and ethyl butanoate, respectively. In a pot assay, the application of butyric acid and ethyl butanoate as a soil fumigant, at a dose of 0.5 mL ∙ kg-1 substrate, significantly (P < 0.05) decreased M. javanica infectivity and reproduction compared to the negative control (water). However, ethyl butanoate proved to be a more efficient soil fumigant (P < 0.05) than butyric acid, as its application reduced the number of galls and eggs to the level of the commercial fumigant Dazomet. This study is the first to demonstrate the potential of ethyl butanoate as a soil fumigant against M. javanica.

Ethyl Butanoate, Constituent of Cassava Wastewater Volatiloma, a Potential Soil Fumigant Against <italic>Meloidogyne javanica</italic>

Journal of Nematology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Ethyl Butanoate, Constituent of Cassava Wastewater Volatiloma, a Potential Soil Fumigant Against 

As a result of more restrictive legislation regarding the use of pesticides, over the last two decades, the demand for new soil fumigants has increased. These...

Ethyl Butanoate, Constituent of Cassava Wastewater Volatiloma, a Potential Soil Fumigant Against Meloidogyne javanica

Article Category: Research Paper

Published Online: Sep 14, 2022

Page range: -

Received: Apr 04, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2022-0031

Keywords
nematicidal activity, organic residues, volatiles

© 2022 de Souza et al. published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Ethyl Butanoate, Constituent of Cassava Wastewater Volatiloma, a Potential Soil Fumigant Against Meloidogyne javanica

Article Category: Research Paper

Published Online: Sep 14, 2022

Page range: -

Received: Apr 04, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2022-0031

Keywordsnematicidal activity, organic residues, volatiles

© 2022 de Souza et al. published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
nematicidal activity, organic residues, volatiles