Many acaricides are highly effective fighting against
Twenty bee colonies of the Carnica breed (
The experiment was carried out, according to the modified method by Blacquière et al. (2017), after the last honey harvest during the winter feeding of bees. Lasting 107 days, it consisted of the 1st stage - “before treatment” (3 days), the 2nd stage - “treatment” (from day 0 to day 90 - PolyVar Yellow in the PY group) and the 3rd stage – “after treatment” (from day 90 to day 104 - determination of the number of
Experimental design.
All statistical analyses were carried out using the “Statistica” (No license JPZ7017977704AR-A). The means were tested using the ANOVA test and the Duncan's test on a significance level of α=0.01.
The average daily parasite fall at the “before treatment” stage in both groups did not differ statistically, 14.50 in group PY and 18.07 in group C. The average daily fall monitored at the “treatment” stage also did not differ statistically between the groups, 14.67 in group PY and 15.76 in group C. The average daily fall after pouring oxalic acid in the bee colony was 1.44 mites in group PY and 49.11 mites in group C. The differences were confirmed statistically (F1,16=31.1003, p=0.0000) (Tab. 1).
The average daily fall of
Group | Stage I |
Stage II |
Stage III |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Average daily fall of |
Average no. of the parasite in the colony from the whole stage (range) | n | Average daily fall of |
Average no. of the parasite in the colony from the whole stage (range) | n | Average daily fall of |
Average no. of the parasite in the colony from the whole stage (range) | |
PY | 10 | 14.50 (0.30–57.33) (24.38) | 43.50 (1–172) | 10 | 14.67 (0.30–88.86) (31.23) | 1320.90 (61–5098) | 10 | 1.44A (0.20–3.70) (1.00) | 20.10A (2–45) |
C | 10 | 18.07 (0.30–23.66) (28.98) | 54.20 (1–177) | 9 | 15.76 (8.00–36.90) (29.14) | 1418.22 (260–3688) | 8 | 49.11B (14.20–157.30) (27.96) | 687,00B (426–1233) |
Legend:
PY- a group of bee colonies treated for varroosis with PolyVar Yellow® C- a group of bee colonies not-treated for varroosis Capital letters indicate the significance of mean differences between the groups at p<0.01 in columns
The first month of the “treatment” stage was characterized as high and not statistically different; daily parasite fall was 41.59 in group PY and 28.36 in group C. Statistical differences in daily parasite fall were found in the second month of treatment (F1,18=10.1818, p=0.0051) and third month (F1,17=13.1015, p=0.0021) (Tab. 2). After the first month of PolyVar Yellow® use, 91% of the
Average daily fall of
Group | Average daily fall per one bee colony of |
||
---|---|---|---|
1st month | 2nd month | 3rd month | |
PY n=10 | 41.59 (0.69–104.97) (56.08) | 2.38A (0.29–5.58) (1.95) | 1.56A (0.67–3.02) (0.92) |
C n=10 | 28.36 (2.27–97.38) (35.77) | 21.92B (2.17–68.04) (19.27) | 11.23B (3.24–26.05) (8.42) |
Legend:
PY- a group of bee colonies treated for varroosis with PolyVar Yellow® C- a group of bee colonies not-treated for varroosis Capital letters indicate the significance of mean differences between the groups at p<0.01 in columns
Average daily mite fall of the bee colony in individual groups from subsequent collected
The average infestation rate with
Average infestation rate of bees with
The average varroacide effectiveness of the preparation calculated based on parasite fall “during treatment” and “after treatment” in group PY amounted to 97%. The average varroacide effectiveness of the preparation, calculated based on the infestation rate of bees with parasite “before treatment” and “after treatment” amounted to 95% (Tab. 3).
Varroacide effectiveness of PolyVar Yellow® [%] in individual treated colonies
group | the ID of bee colony (PY group) | Varroacide effectiveness of PolyVar Yellow® [%] | |
---|---|---|---|
based on the mite fall on the |
based on the infestation rate of bees with |
||
PY | 30 | out* | 89.80 |
31 | out* | 95.62 | |
33 | 90.91 | 83.73 | |
36 | 99.42 | 90.69 | |
52 | 99.64 | 100.00 | |
53 | 98.85 | 100.00 | |
63 | 95.96 | 95.49 | |
66 | 89.96 | 97.43 | |
102 | 99.13 | 97.36 | |
111 | 99.50 | 98.14 | |
mean | 97 | 95 |
results rejected due to less than 1/day parasite fall during “treatment” (Blacquičre et al., 2017)
The group C colonies not-treated with PolyVar Yellow® in one apiary, were strongly infected by mites (some 45%). Thus, colonies from group PY were threatened with the possibility of reinvasion, but the use of the veterinary preparation tested in them protected them.
Summing up, we found that PolyVar Yellow® has a 97% varroacide effectiveness and can become a crucial tool in the treatment of varroosis. The majority of