Variable | Weight | ||
---|---|---|---|
Preferences | Correlation | Pearson | Spearman |
reasons_not_working | 0.58 | 0.59 | |
women_mixing_thoughts | 0.4 | 0.39 | |
women_work_attitude | 0.43 | 0.43 | |
work_attitude | 0.56 | 0.56 |
Baseline (B) | Control (C) | Treatment (T) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Question | Mean | SD | Mean | Mean |
Actual application | 0.49 | 0.50 | 0.49 | 0.49 |
CV updates | 1.68 | 1.59 | 1.68 | 3.00 |
Job search actions | 0.76 | 1.31 | 1.20 | 1.60 |
Last application | 1.44 | 1.63 | 1.44 | 1.44 |
Number of applications | 1.32 | 2.48 | 1.32 | 1.32 |
Recent search actions | 1.61 | 1.73 | 1.70 | 2.10 |
Job seriousness | 2.61 | 0.49 | 2.61 | 2.90 |
Search time | 3.97 | 5.39 | 3.97 | 5.00 |
Identifier | Explanation | OLF | Unemployed | Employed | Men | Women |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
barriers_not_work | Self-identified reasons why the individual has no job | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
family_influence | Other members of the family have suggested the individual not to work | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes |
particular_barriers | Particular barriers that individuals face (looking for/ during their) jobs | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
women_guardian_hours | Amount of hours that a guardian allows a woman to work | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
women_guardian_mixing | If the guardian allows mixing working environments | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
women_guardian_ transport | Types of transport allowed by the guardian | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
women_guardian_work | If the guardian allows women to work | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
women_hours_housecare | Hours dedicated to household chores | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
women_housecare | Availability of a domestic worker | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
women_own_transport | Types of transport acceptable for women | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
Identifier | Explanation | OLF | Unemployed | Employed | Men | Women |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
actual_application | People that applied for jobs | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
cv_update | People that updated their CVs | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
do_shifts | People willing to do working shifts | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
extra_hours | Number of extra hours that people are willing to do | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
future_job_search | People willing to look for a job in the future | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes |
job_search_actions | Number of job search actions | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
last_applications | Time when the last application was done | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
last_search | Time when the last research was done | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes |
multiple_job | Identify people with multiple jobs | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
num_applications | Number of applications done by the individual | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
recent_search_actions | Number of recent search actions done | No | Yes | No | No | No |
search_time | Hours dedicated to job search | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
serious_job_search | How serious is the job search | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Pearson | Spearman | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Work status | Gender | Dimension | Variables | PC1 | PC2 | PC1 | PC2 |
Component Variance | 0.28 | 0.48 | 0.28 | 0.48 | |||
1 | barriers_not_work_10 | 0.43 | 0.01 | 0.43 | 0.01 | ||
2 | particular_barriers_2 | 0.53 | 0.03 | 0.53 | 0.03 | ||
3 | particular_barriers_3 | 0.45 | 0.05 | 0.45 | 0.05 | ||
4 | particular_barriers_4 | 0.57 | 0.03 | 0.57 | 0.03 | ||
5 | family_influences | 1 | 1 | ||||
Component Variance | 0.54 | 1 | 0.54 | 1 | |||
1 | last_search | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.71 | ||
2 | future_job_search | 0.71 | 0.71 | ||||
Component Variance | 0.65 | 1 | 0.65 | 1 | |||
1 | reasons_not_working | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.71 | ||
2 | work_attitude | 0.71 | 0.71 | ||||
Component Variance | 0.12 | 0.23 | 0.12 | 0.23 | |||
1 | barriers_not_work_6 | 0.26 | 0.04 | 0.24 | 0.02 | ||
2 | barriers_not_work_10 | 0.23 | 0.22 | ||||
3 | particular_barriers_2 | 0.33 | 0.31 | ||||
4 | particular_barriers_3 | 0.23 | 0.22 | ||||
5 | particular_barriers_4 | 0.42 | 0.38 | ||||
6 | particular_barriers_9 | 0.06 | 0.04 | ||||
7 | women_guardian_mixing | 0.26 | 0.01 | 0.25 | 0.04 | ||
8 | women_guardian_transport | 0.4 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 0.24 | ||
9 | women_own_transport | 0.35 | 0.28 | 0.39 | 0.27 | ||
10 | women_guardian_work | 0.15 | 0.43 | 0.15 | 0.37 | ||
11 | women_housecare | 0.2 | 0.04 | 0.26 | 0.07 | ||
12 | women_hours_housecare | 0.21 | 0.24 | ||||
13 | family_influences | 0.29 | 0.36 | 0.27 | 0.31 | ||
14 | women_guardian_hours | 0.37 | 0 | 0.35 | |||
Component Variance | 0.53 | 1 | 0.54 | 1 | |||
1 | future_job_search | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.71 | ||
2 | last_search | 0.71 | 0.71 | ||||
Component Variance | 0.37 | 0.61 | 0.38 | 0.62 | |||
1 | reasons_not_working | 0.58 | 0.34 | 0.59 | 0.25 | ||
2 | women_mixing_thoughts | 0.4 | 0.39 | ||||
3 | women_work_attitude | 0.43 | 0.27 | 0.43 | 0.45 | ||
4 | work_attitude | 0.56 | 0.08 | 0.56 | |||
Component Variance | 0.31 | 0.53 | 0.31 | 0.53 | |||
1 | barriers_not_work_10 | 0.36 | 0.57 | 0.36 | 0.57 | ||
2 | particular_barriers_2 | 0.51 | 0.38 | 0.51 | 0.38 | ||
3 | particular_barriers_3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||||
4 | particular_barriers_4 | 0.51 | 0.51 | ||||
5 | particular_barriers_8 | 0.32 | 0.32 | ||||
Component Variance | 0.23 | 0.4 | 0.23 | 0.4 | |||
1 | actual_applications | 0.52 | 0.29 | 0.5 | 0.3 | ||
2 | cv_update | 0.38 | 0.37 | ||||
3 | job_search_actions | 0.14 | 0.2 | ||||
4 | last_applications | 0.53 | 0.26 | 0.5 | 0.25 | ||
5 | num_applications | 0.46 | 0.11 | 0.48 | 0.21 | ||
6 | recent_search_actions | 0.24 | 0.24 | ||||
7 | serious_job_search | 0.09 | 0.1 | ||||
8 | search_time | 0.12 | 0.17 | ||||
Component Variance | 0.16 | 0.3 | 0.17 | 0.31 | |||
1 | job_flexibility | 0.36 | 0.18 | 0.44 | 0.04 | ||
2 | min_work_hours | 0.56 | 0.53 | ||||
3 | reasons_not_working | 0.02 | 0.59 | 0.53 | |||
4 | work_flex | 0.2 | 0.18 | 0.3 | |||
5 | work_hours | 0.56 | 0.54 | 0 | |||
6 | work_shift | 0.17 | 0.49 | 0.12 | 0.52 | ||
7 | relocate_willingess | 0.12 | 0.08 | ||||
8 | work_attitude | 0.07 | 0.43 | 0.57 | |||
9 | attitude_requirements | 0.41 | 0.16 | 0.33 | 0.29 | ||
Component Variance | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.11 | 0.2 | |||
1 | barriers_not_work_5 | 0.04 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.16 | ||
2 | barriers_not_work_6 | 0.26 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.26 | ||
3 | barriers_not_work_10 | 0.12 | 0.43 | 0.13 | 0.41 | ||
4 | particular_barriers_2 | 0.24 | 0.38 | 0.23 | 0.35 | ||
5 | particular_barriers_3 | 0.18 | 0.38 | 0.14 | 0.34 | ||
6 | particular_barriers_4 | 0.08 | 0.42 | 0.06 | 0.41 | ||
7 | particular_barriers_8 | 0.17 | 0.16 | ||||
8 | particular_barriers_9 | 0.17 | 0.14 | ||||
9 | women_guardian_hours | 0.11 | 0.24 | ||||
10 | women_guardian_mixing | 0.38 | 0 | 0.42 | 0 | ||
11 | women_guardian_transport | 0.53 | 0.5 | ||||
12 | women_own_transport | 0.55 | 0.51 | ||||
13 | women_guardian_work | 0.18 | 0.14 | ||||
14 | women_housecare | 0.06 | 0.21 | 0.06 | 0.19 | ||
15 | women_hours_housecare | 0.13 | 0.1 | 0.26 | 0.25 | ||
Component Variance | 0.24 | 0.39 | 0.25 | 0.41 | |||
1 | actual_applications | 0.49 | 0.23 | 0.51 | 0.16 | ||
2 | cv_update | 0.38 | 0.17 | 0.37 | 0.12 | ||
3 | job_search_actions | 0.22 | 0.14 | ||||
4 | last_applications | 0.51 | 0.22 | 0.52 | 0.16 | ||
5 | num_applications | 0.44 | 0.01 | 0.48 | 0.1 | ||
6 | recent_search_actions | 0.24 | 0.21 | ||||
7 | serious_job_search | 0.23 | 0.2 | ||||
8 | search_time | 0.03 | 0.06 | ||||
Component Variance | 0.15 | 0.26 | 0.15 | 0.26 | |||
1 | job_flexibility | 0.3 | 0.44 | 0.36 | 0.22 | ||
2 | min_work_hours | 0.52 | 0.5 | ||||
3 | reasons_not_working | 0.05 | 0.14 | 0 | 0.04 | ||
4 | women_mixing_thoughts | 0.36 | 0.11 | 0.39 | |||
5 | women_work_attitude | 0.09 | 0.42 | 0.07 | 0.45 | ||
6 | work_flex | 0.21 | 0.59 | 0.2 | 0.52 | ||
7 | work_hours | 0.49 | 0.49 | ||||
8 | work_shift | 0.29 | 0.25 | ||||
9 | relocate_willingess | 0.13 | 0.2 | ||||
10 | work_attitude | 0.33 | 0.28 | 0.11 | |||
11 | attitude_requirements | ||||||
Component Variance | 0.52 | 0.84 | 0.52 | 0.84 | |||
1 | particular_barriers_2 | 0.41 | 0.91 | 0.41 | 0.91 | ||
2 | particular_barriers_3 | 0.65 | 0.65 | ||||
3 | particular_barriers_4 | 0.64 | 0.64 | ||||
Component Variance | 0.36 | 0.69 | 0.38 | 0.71 | |||
1 | multiple_job | 0.37 | 0.91 | 0.32 | 0.93 | ||
2 | extra_hours | 0.68 | 0.69 | ||||
3 | do_shifts | 0.64 | 0.65 | ||||
Component Variance | 0.29 | 0.54 | 0.3 | 0.55 | |||
1 | work_hours | 0.35 | 0.73 | 0.45 | 0.6 | ||
2 | mixed_gender_environment | 0.58 | 0.53 | ||||
3 | work_attitude | 0.51 | 0.55 | ||||
4 | attitude_requirements | 0.54 | 0.34 | 0.52 | 0.41 | ||
Component Variance | 0.16 | 0.31 | 0.16 | 0.32 | |||
1 | particular_barriers_2 | 0.6 | 0.06 | 0.59 | 0.1 | ||
2 | particular_barriers_3 | 0.56 | 0.06 | 0.55 | 0.1 | ||
3 | particular_barriers_4 | 0.44 | 0.06 | 0.44 | 0.08 | ||
4 | particular_barriers_8 | 0.36 | 0.01 | 0.35 | 0.04 | ||
5 | women_guardian_hours | 0 | 0.01 | ||||
6 | women_guardian_mixing | 0.01 | 0.02 | ||||
7 | women_guardian_transport | 0.07 | 0.12 | ||||
8 | women_own_transport | 0.09 | 0.14 | ||||
9 | women_housecare | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||
10 | women_hours_housecare | 0.01 | 0 | ||||
Component Variance | 0.34 | 0.68 | 0.35 | 0.68 | |||
1 | multiple_job | 0.55 | 0.62 | 0.54 | 0.68 | ||
2 | extra_hours | 0.4 | 0.52 | ||||
3 | do_shifts | 0.73 | 0.66 | 0.02 | |||
Component Variance | 0.23 | 0.41 | 0.24 | 0.42 | |||
1 | women_mixing_thoughts | 0.55 | 0.08 | 0.53 | 0.01 | ||
2 | women_work_attitude | 0.53 | 0.2 | 0.51 | 0.3 | ||
3 | work_hours | 0.28 | 0.37 | ||||
4 | mixed_gender_environment | 0.56 | 0.01 | 0.53 | |||
5 | work_attitude | 0.26 | 0.03 | ||||
6 | attitude_requirements |
Labor Market Group | Preferences | Intensity | Barriers | RELI |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cluster 1 | −0.25 | −3.00 | 1.38 | −1.86 |
Cluster 2 | −1.84 | 0.38 | −0.16 | −1.62 |
Cluster 3 | 0.59 | 0.36 | −0.97 | −0.02 |
Cluster 4 | 0.66 | 0.36 | 0.15 | 1.18 |
Cluster 1 | −0.59 | −3.37 | 1.28 | −2.68 |
Cluster 2 | −1.51 | −0.54 | −0.07 | −2.12 |
Cluster 3 | 1.05 | 0.12 | −0.31 | 0.87 |
Cluster 4 | 1.02 | 1.80 | 0.22 | 3.04 |
Cluster 1 | −1.91 | 0.27 | −1.17 | −2.80 |
Cluster 2 | 0.15 | −2.87 | 0.49 | −2.23 |
Cluster 3 | 1.03 | 0.80 | −1.66 | 0.16 |
Cluster 4 | 0.17 | 0.57 | 1.22 | 1.96 |
Cluster 1 | −0.09 | −1.00 | −1.30 | −2.38 |
Cluster 2 | −1.23 | −0.71 | 0.74 | −1.19 |
Cluster 3 | 1.57 | 1.64 | −1.56 | 1.65 |
Cluster 4 | 0.87 | 1.38 | 2.16 | 4.41 |
Cluster 1 | −0.54 | 0.08 | −0.77 | −1.24 |
Cluster 2 | −0.75 | 0.08 | 0.45 | −0.22 |
Cluster 3 | 1.00 | 0.08 | −0.74 | 0.34 |
Cluster 4 | 1.25 | −0.39 | 1.51 | 2.37 |
Cluster 1 | −0.07 | −10.88 | −0.32 | −11.27 |
Cluster 2 | −0.80 | 0.15 | −0.50 | −1.15 |
Cluster 3 | −0.50 | 0.16 | 1.76 | 1.42 |
Cluster 4 | 1.80 | 0.21 | 0.34 | 2.35 |
Labor market group | Preferences | Intensity | Barriers | RELI |
Profiles by engagement dimension | Intervention focus by engagement dimension | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Preferences | Intensity | Barriers | RELI | Preferences | Intensity | Barriers | Comments | |
Cluster 1 | Well below | Below | Average | Well below | Attitude change | Job search motivation | Education and skills | Hardest to place; |
Cluster 2 | Average | Above | Well below | Well below | Correcting expectations | Education, skills, and English | Young group; 90% are single | |
Cluster 3 | Well above | Well below | Above | Average | Job search skills, counseling, etc. | Job intermediation and motivation | ||
Cluster 4 | Above | Well above | Above | Well above | Reservation wage and job attitude | Ready for the labor market but perhaps in different sectors | ||
Cluster 1 | Average | Below | Well below | Well below | Attitude change | Job search motivation and skills | Education, skills, and gender barriers | Hardest to place as interventions required in all engagement dimensions |
Cluster 2 | Below | Above | Well below | Below | Intermediation services with focus on gender-adequate jobs | Interventions toward influencers | ||
Cluster 3 | Well above | Well below | Well above | Above | Job search skills, counseling, placement assistance, etc. | Regional concentration | ||
Cluster 4 | Above | Well above | Well above | Well above | Ready for the labor market but demand may be missing; focus sector to be explored |
Identifier | Explanation | OLF | Unemployed | Employed | Men | Women |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
attitude_requirements | Type of jobs that are considered acceptable | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
job_flexibility | Constraints on the jobs that the person is willing to accept | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
min_work_hours | Minimum hours that the person is willing to work | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
mixed_gender_ environments | Does the working space have gender-mixing environments | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
reasons_not_working | Reasons why the individual is not working | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
relocate_willingess | Willingness to reallocate to find a job | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
women_mixing_ thoughts | Attitude toward gender-mixing environments | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
women_work_attitude | Attitude toward women working | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
work_attitude | Attitude toward work | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
work_flex | Flexible working conditions | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
work_hours | Amount of working (or willing to work) hours | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
work_shifts | Willingness to do work shifts | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
PCA score | Standardized value control | Standardized value treatment | Weighted value control | Weighted value treatment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Formula | |||||
Actual application | 0.49 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
CV updates | 0.38 | 0.00 | 0.83 | 0.00 | 0.65 |
Job search actions | 0.22 | 0.33 | 0.64 | 0.15 | 0.29 |
Last application | 0.51 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Number of applications | 0.44 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Resent search actions | 0.24 | 0.05 | 0.28 | 0.03 | 0.14 |
Job seriousness | 0.23 | 0.00 | 0.59 | 0.00 | 0.28 |
Search time | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.19 | 0.00 | 0.01 |
PCA variance (L) | 0.24 | 0.18 | 1.36 |