IZA Journal of Development and Migration
Migration and Those Left Behind
About this article
Published Online: Aug 27, 2019
Page range: -
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/izajodm-2019-0005
Keywords
© 2019 Hillel Rapoport, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Public License.
Fig. 1
Bilateral migration and cultural convergence by development status
| North-North | South-North | South-South | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Euclidean | Herfindahl | Canberra | Euclidean | Herfindahl | Canberra | Euclidean | Herfindahl | Canberra | |
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | |
| Migration | -0.00334 | -0.0564* | -0.209*** | 0.0541*** | 0.0367*** | 0.0616*** | 0.0111 | 0.0121 | 0.0129 |
| (0.0384) | (0.0316) | (0.0595) | (0.0151) | (0.0124) | (0.0192) | (0.0146) | (0.0112) | (0.0162) | |
| Trade | 0.0484 | 0.00482 | 0.0660 | 0.0120 | -0.0199 | -0.0394 | -0.0392* | -0.0220 | 0.00725 |
| (0.0971) | (0.0798) | (0.150) | (0.0256) | (0.0210) | (0.0326) | (0.0228) | (0.0175) | (0.0252) | |
| Constant | -0.360 | 1.412 | 4.312 | -0.540 | -0.145 | 0.0573 | 0.909** | 0.324 | -0.0141 |
| (2.159) | (1.774) | (3.345) | (0.521) | (0.428) | (0.662) | (0.448) | (0.344) | (0.496) | |
| Observations | 702 | 702 | 702 | 3,108 | 3,108 | 3,108 | 3,173 | 3,173 | 3,173 |
| 0.953 | 0.991 | 0.944 | 0.983 | 0.982 | 0.966 | 0.958 | 0.981 | 0.960 | |
The effect of migration on loans for developed versus developing countries
| Dependent variables | log(Loans) (1) | Loans (2) |
|---|---|---|
| log migration | 0.100** | 0.125*** |
| (0.047) | (0.038) | |
| log migration | 0.058 | 0.145*** |
| (0.042) | (0.038) | |
| log Distance | -0.744*** | -0.265*** |
| (0.110) | (0.050) | |
| Obs. | 1,451 | 1,588 |
| Obs. with developed borrowing countries | 427 | 431 |
| No. of lending countries | 17 | 17 |
| No. of borrowing countries | 158 | 158 |
| 0.86 | 0.94 | |
| Estimator | OLS | Poisson |
The effect of South-South migration on exports
| Panel A: extensive | OLS | IV | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| margin | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) |
| Immigrants | 0.0030 | 0.0024 | 0.0080 | ||
| (0.001}*** | (0.001)** | (0.003)** | |||
| Emigrants | 0.0022 | 0.0011 | 0.0070 | ||
| (0.001)*** | (0.001)* | (0.003)** | |||
| Total FDI | -0.0001 | -0.0001 | -0.0001 | -0.0003 | -0.0003 |
| (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000)* | |
| Total trade | -0.0005 | -0.0004 | -0.0005 | -0.0011 | -0.0003 |
| (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000)** | (0.000)** | |
| Product imports | -0.0008 | -0.0008 | -0.0008 | -0.0009 | -0.0008 |
| (0.000)* | (0.000)* | (0.000)* | (0.000)* | (0.000)* | |
| 83230 | 83230 | 83230 | 83230 | 83230 | |
| 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.14 | |
| KP F Stat | 89.61 | 72.78 | |||
East/west migration and general election results in Moldova, July 2009
| Share of votes the for Communist Party (%) | Share of votes for the opposition parties (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic controls | Plus pre- migration election results | Plus night-time light (full model) | Liberal Democratic Party | Liberal Party | Democratic Party | Party Alliance Our Moldova | |
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | |
| Prevalence of | -0.70*** | -0.63*** | -0.63*** | 0.40*** | 0.24** | 0.08 | -0.16 |
| emigration to the west (%) | (0.20) | (0.18) | (0.18) | (0.13) | (0.11) | (0.12) | (0.15) |
| Prevalence of | 0.44** | 0.39** | 0.39** | -0.07 | -0.17** | -0.07 | -0.01 |
| emigration to the east (%) | (0.17) | (0.16) | (0.16) | (0.09) | (0.07) | (0.08) | (0.11) |
| Basic controls | yes | Yes | Yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| Pre-election migration results | - | Yes | Yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| Night-time light | - | - | Yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| District fixed effects | yes | yes | Yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| Number of observations | 848 | 848 | 848 | 848 | 848 | 848 | 848 |
| 0.78 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.56 | 0.66 | 0.42 | 0.37 | |