Prevalence of intestinal parasites in Erbil, Iraq

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites stratified by cumulative months from 2011 – 2021 in Erbil province_

Month	No. of examined cases	Infected cases with parasites No. (%)									No. of infected cases	P-value
		Protozoa					Helminth
		Entamoeba histolytica/dispar	Giardia lamblia	Enterobius vermicularis	Hymenolepis nana	Taenia saginata	Ascaris lumbricoides	Trichuris trichiura	Ancylostoma duodenale	Strongyloides stercoralis
January	54854	1510 a (62.11)	672 a (27.64)	224 a (9.21)	19 b (0.78)	0 (0)	1 b (0.04)	5 a (0.21)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2431	P<0.05
February	47261	1466 a (58.99)	769 a (30.95)	213 a (8.57)	32 a (1.29)	2 (0.08)	1 b (0.04)	2 b (0.08)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2485
March	47933	1017 b (59.30)	525 a, b (30.61)	149 b (8.69)	13 b (0.76)	6 (0.35)	5 a (0.29)	0 c (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1715
April	46604	1376 a, b (61.02)	719 a (31.88)	134 b (5.94)	9 b (0.40)	14 (0.62)	2 b (0.09)	0 c (0)	1 (0.04)	0 (0)	2255
May	60994	1477 a (62.01)	734 a (30.81)	162 b (6.80)	6 c (0.25)	1 (0.04)	1 b (0.04)	0 c (0)	1 (0.04)	0 (0)	2382
June	55718	1408 a (59.04)	716 a (30.02)	239 a (10.02)	14 b (0.59)	6 (0.25)	1 b (0.04)	0 c (0)	0 (0)	1 (0.04)	2385
July	52751	1257 b (59.26)	655 a (30.88)	187 b (8.82)	12 b (0.57)	7 (0.33)	2 b (0.09)	1 b (0.05)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2121
August	49787	1456 a (60.69)	672 a (28.01)	261 a (10.88)	7 c (0.29)	1 (0.04)	1 b (0.04)	1 b (0.04)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2399
September	54943	1322 a, b (63.93)	592 a, b (28.63)	143 b (6.91)	10 b (0.48)	1 (0.05)	0 c (0)	0 c (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2068
October	45397	1342 a, b (63.66)	581 a (27.56)	170 b (8.06)	14 b (0.66)	1 (0.05)	0 c (0)	0 c (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2108
November	46448	1374 a, b (62.97)	593 a, b (27.18)	199 a (9.12)	12 b (0.55)	2 (0.09)	2 b (0.09)	0 c (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2182
December	47965	1221 b (64.23)	477 b (25.09)	162 b (8.52)	32 a (1.68)	0 (0)	7 a (0.37)	2 b (0.11)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1901

The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites from 2011 – 2021 in Erbil province, Iraq_

Year	No. of examined cases	Infected cases with parasites No. (%)									No. of infected cases	P-value
		Protozoa					Helminth
		Entamoeba histolytica/dispar	Giardia lamblia	Enterobius vermicularis	Hymenolepis nana	Taenia saginata	Ascaris lumbricoides	Trichuris trichiura	Ancylostoma duodenale	Strongyloides stercoralis
2011	61364	2181 a (50.11)	1509 a (34.67)	617 a (14.18)	33 a (0.76)	6 (0.14)	3 (0.07)	3 (0.07)	0 (0)	0 (0)	4352	P<0.05
2012	76244	1835 b (51.07)	1342 a (37.35)	345 b (9.60)	38 a (1.06)	24 (0.67)	3 (0.08)	5 (0.14)	1 (0.03)	0 (0)	3593
2013	89377	1751 b (57.87)	915 b (30.24)	332 b (10.97)	16 b (0.53)	9 (0.30)	3 (0.10)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	3026
2014	90487	1775 b (63.44)	743 b (26.55)	255 b (9.11)	17 b (0.61)	1 (0.04)	2 (0.07)	3 (0.11)	1 (0.04)	1 (0.04)	2798
2015	90221	1726 b (66.62)	681 b (26.28)	169 b (6.52)	14 b (0.54)	1 (0.04)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2591
2016	57214	1120 c (63.21)	542 b (30.59)	106 b (5.98)	1 d (0.06)	0 (0)	3 (0.17)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1772
2017	46723	1130 c (64.39)	498 b (28.38)	109 b (6.21)	16 b (0.91)	0 (0)	2 (0.11)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1755
2018	35669	1196 c (69.21)	375 b (21.70)	140 b (8.10)	15 b (0.87)	0 (0)	2 (0.12)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1728
2019	43533	1594 b (71.22)	502 b (22.43)	119 b (5.32)	19 b (0.85)	0 (0)	4 (0.18)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2238
2020	4225	132 d (79.04)	27 c (16.17)	7 c (4.19)	1 d (0.60)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	167
2021	19398	1421 b (70.56)	557 b (27.66)	29 c (1.44)	7 c (0.35)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2014

Distribution of intestinal parasites by gender and age groups in Erbil province from 2011 – 2021_

Characters of infected persons	Parasite									P-value
	Protozoa					Helminth
	Entamoeba histolytica/dispar	Giardia lamblia	Enterobius vermicularis	Hymenolepis nana	Taenia saginata	Ascaris lumbricoides	Trichuris trichiura	Ancylostoma duodenale	Strongyloides stercoralis
Gender n (%)
Male	10778 a (67.95)	4992 a (64.9)	1176 (52.78)	119 a (67.23)	23 (56.10)	17 a (77.27)	7 (63.64) a	1 (50.00)	0 b (0.00)	P<0.05
Female	5083 b (32.05)	2699 b (35.09)	1052 (47.22)	58 b (32.77)	18 (43.90)	5 b (22.73)	4 (36.36) b	1 (50.00)	1 a (100.00)
Age n (%)
< 1 yr	487 d (3.07)	200 c (2.60)	31 d (1.39)	5 d (2.82)	1 b (2.44)	0 c (0.00)	0 d (0.00)	0 b (0.00)	0 b (0.00)	P<0.05
1–4 yrs	834 d (5.26)	475 c (6.18)	288 b (12.93)	9 c, d (5.08)	2 b (4.88)	1 b (4.55)	1 c (9.09)	0 b (0.00)	0 b (0.00)
5–14 yrs	3103 b (19.56)	2062 b (26.81)	1148 a (51.53)	32 b (18.08)	15 a (36.59)	9 a (40.91)	0 d (0.00)	2 a (100.00)	0 b (0.00)
15–44 yrs	9269 a (58.44)	3817 a (49.63)	387 b (17.37)	117 a (66.10)	12 a (29.27)	11 a (50.00)	8 a (72.73)	0 b (0.00)	1 a (100.00)
> 45 yrs	1730 c (10.91)	815 c (10.60)	109 c (4.89) c	11 c (6.21)	10 a (24.39)	2 b (4.55)	2 b (18.18)	0 b (0.00)	0 b (0.00)