<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Objective</h3>
<p>Faculty incivility is a growing problem in nursing schools that disrupts the learning process and affects nursing care of patients. Fostering and managing faculty incivility requires knowing this problem using a valid and reliable instrument. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the faculty’s perceived incivility questionnaire in the Iranian community.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Methods</h3>
<p>In this methodological study, the participants involved were 357 nursing students. They were selected between October and December 2019. The faculty’s perceived incivility questionnaire was evaluated in terms of content and construct validity. McDonald’s omega and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to evaluate the construct validity of the questionnaire.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>The content validity index (CVI) was 0.86–0.91 for the items and 0.87 for the whole instrument. In factor analysis, two factors of violent and irresponsible behaviors were extracted. These factors explained >41.769% of the variance. Model fit indices (Parsimonious Comparative Fit Index [PCFI] = 0.783, Parsimonious Normed Fit Index [PNFI] = 0.756, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.051, Goodness-of-Fit Index [GFI] = 0.955, Adjusted Goodness-of-Fit Index [AGFI] = 0.932, Comparative Fit Index [CFI] = 0.955, χ<sub>2/df</sub> = 2.26) indicated the proportion of factors. Internal consistency was 0.87–0.93.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Conclusions</h3>
<p>Faculty’s perceived incivility questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool with two factors that can be used to evaluate the incivility in Iranian faculty members.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Objective
Faculty incivility is a growing problem in nursing schools that disrupts the learning process and affects nursing care of patients. Fostering and managing faculty incivility requires knowing this problem using a valid and reliable instrument. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the faculty’s perceived incivility questionnaire in the Iranian community.


Methods
In this methodological study, the participants involved were 357 nursing students. They were selected between October and December 2019. The faculty’s perceived incivility questionnaire was evaluated in terms of content and construct validity. McDonald’s omega and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to evaluate the construct validity of the questionnaire.


Results
The content validity index (CVI) was 0.86–0.91 for the items and 0.87 for the whole instrument. In factor analysis, two factors of violent and irresponsible behaviors were extracted. These factors explained >41.769% of the variance. Model fit indices (Parsimonious Comparative Fit Index [PCFI] = 0.783, Parsimonious Normed Fit Index [PNFI] = 0.756, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.051, Goodness-of-Fit Index [GFI] = 0.955, Adjusted Goodness-of-Fit Index [AGFI] = 0.932, Comparative Fit Index [CFI] = 0.955, χ2/df = 2.26) indicated the proportion of factors. Internal consistency was 0.87–0.93.


Conclusions
Faculty’s perceived incivility questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool with two factors that can be used to evaluate the incivility in Iranian faculty members.

Psychometric evaluation of Iranian version of nursing faculty’s incivility questionnaire<xref ref-type="fn" rid="j_fon-2023-0028_fn_001">†</xref>

Frontiers of Nursing

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Psychometric evaluation of Iranian version of nursing faculty’s incivility questionnaire

Objective
Faculty incivility is a growing problem in nursing schools that disrupts the learning process and affects nursing care of patients. Fostering and...

Factor and items	Factor loading	h²	λ	% of variance
Violent behaviors			4.77	32.678
Q20. Making discriminating comments (racial, ethnic, gender, etc.) directed toward others	0.782	0.58
Q22. Threats of physical harm against others (implied or actual)	0.775	0.605
Q21. Using profanity directed toward others	0.739	0.504
Q23. Property damage	0.732	0.607
Q19. Sending inappropriate or rude e-mails to others	0.682	0.513
Q17. Exerting superiority, abusing position, or rank over others (e.g., arbitrarily threatening to fail students)	0.632	0.478
Q16. Ignoring, failing to address, or encouraging disruptive student behaviors	0.458	0.377
Irresponsible behaviors			4.163	9.091
Q10. Being distant and cold toward others (unapproachable, rejecting student’s opinions)	0.645	0.361
Q8. Being unprepared for class or other scheduled activities	0.609	0.373
Q6. Arriving late for class or other scheduled activities	0.559	0.325
Q5. Using a computer, phone, or other media device during class, meetings, or activities for unrelated purposes	0.508	0.292
Q3. Ineffective or inefficient teaching method (deviating from the course syllabus, changing assignment or test dates)	0.494	484
Q15. Refusing to discuss make-up exams, extensions, or grade changes	0.458	0.257
Q4. Refusing or reluctant to answer direct questions	0.449	0.406
Q12. Allowing side conversations by students that disrupt class	0.326	0.248

Psychometric evaluation of Iranian version of nursing faculty’s incivility questionnaire†

Article Category: Original Article

Published Online: Jun 22, 2023

Page range: 249 - 254

Received: Jul 07, 2022

Accepted: Nov 22, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fon-2023-0028

Keywords
education, evaluation, faculty, incivility, nursing, reliability, validity

© 2023 Zahra Abedini et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Fit indices of the CFA.

Exploratory factors of nursing faculty’s perceive incivility questionnaire.

Psychometric evaluation of Iranian version of nursing faculty’s incivility questionnaire†

Article Category: Original Article

Published Online: Jun 22, 2023

Page range: 249 - 254

Received: Jul 07, 2022

Accepted: Nov 22, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fon-2023-0028

Keywordseducation, evaluation, faculty, incivility, nursing, reliability, validity

© 2023 Zahra Abedini et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Fit indices of the CFA.

Exploratory factors of nursing faculty’s perceive incivility questionnaire.

Keywords
education, evaluation, faculty, incivility, nursing, reliability, validity