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“Sosny Taborskie” nature reserve as a refuge for rare and threatened forest lichens

Dariusz Kubiak

Dariusz Kubiak

University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Microbiology and MycologyOlsztyn, Poland
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Kubiak, Dariusz
  
Mar 08, 2024
“Sosny Taborskie” nature reserve as a refuge for rare and threatened forest lichens's Cover Image
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Article Category: Original Article
Published Online: Mar 08, 2024
Page range: 8 - 21
Received: Oct 05, 2023
Accepted: Nov 21, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2024-0002
Keywords
© 2024 Dariusz Kubiak, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

An example of the mixed forest stand dominating in the reserve (locality no. 8) – Scots pine (260 years old) with European beech (120 years old) (photo D. Kubiak)
An example of the mixed forest stand dominating in the reserve (locality no. 8) – Scots pine (260 years old) with European beech (120 years old) (photo D. Kubiak)

Figure 2.

The location of the ”Sosny Taborskie” nature reserve in Poland and the distribution of the study localities in the reserve: 1 – border of the reserve, 2 – border of the forest section, 3 – border of the forest subsection, 4 – number of forest section, 5 – number of research locality
The location of the ”Sosny Taborskie” nature reserve in Poland and the distribution of the study localities in the reserve: 1 – border of the reserve, 2 – border of the forest section, 3 – border of the forest subsection, 4 – number of forest section, 5 – number of research locality

Figure 3.

Number of lichen species recorded on specific substrates
Number of lichen species recorded on specific substrates

Figure 4.

Number of lichen species included in the Polish national Red List recorded on specific substrates
Number of lichen species included in the Polish national Red List recorded on specific substrates

Figure 5.

Number of lichen species classified as indicators of old-growth forest in Poland recorded on specific substrates
Number of lichen species classified as indicators of old-growth forest in Poland recorded on specific substrates

The number of lichens – indicators of lowland old-growth forest recorded in selected national parks (NP) and nature reserves (NR) in Poland

Parks and nature reserves Białowieża NP Budzisk NR Las Warmiński NR Starożyn NR Borki NR Sosny Taborskie NR Pupy NR Buki Wysoczyzny Elbląskiej NR Dolina rzeki Wałszy NR Starodrzew Szyndzielski NR Kadyński Las NR
Area [ha] 10242 328 1798 298 440 95 58 94 205 79 8
No. of species 601,2 34 1 30 3 301,5 291 17 125 106 87 88 49

The list of lichen species recorded in the “Sosny Taborskie” nature reserve

No. Species Localities Substrate Red List categories
1 2 3 4 5
1 Absconditella lignicola Vĕzda & Pišut 1, 2, 15 wd
2 Acrocordia gemmata (Ach.) A. Massal. 13, 14 Ap, Fe
3 Agonimia repleta Czarnota & Coppins 1 Qr
4 Alyxoria varia (Pers.) Ertz & Tehler 5, 9 Qr NT
5 Amandinea punctata (Hoffm.) Coppins & Scheid. 1 Qr
6 Anisomeridium polypori (M.B. Ellis & Everh.) M.E. Barr 2, 4, 5, 7–10, 13, 16 Ap, Fs, Qr, Tc
7 Arthonia arthonioides (Ach.) A.L. Sm. 10 Qr CR
8 Arthonia didyma Körb. 5, 8, 9 Fs EN
9 Arthonia mediella Nyl. 9, 12, 14 Qr VU
10 Arthonia radiata (Pers.) Ach. 1 Cb, Qr, Ug
11 Arthonia spadicea Leight. 1–6, 8, 10–16 Cb, Fs, Ps, Qr, Tc
12 Arthonia vinosa Leight. 8 Fs NT
13 Arthothelium ruanum (A. Massal.) Körb. 6 Qr NT
14 Bacidia biatorina (Körb.) Vain. 11 Qr EN
15 Bacidia rubella (Hoffm.) A. Massal. 14 Ap VU
16 Bacidia subincompta (Nyl.) Arnold 1, 2, 5–7, 13 Ap, Cb, Fe, Qr EN
17 Bacidina mendax Czarnota & Guz.-Krzem. M Qr
18 Bacidina sulphurella (Samp) M. Hauck & V. Wirth 1–11, 13 Ca, Cb, Fs, Qr, Tc, wd
19 Biatora efflorescens (Hedl.) Räsänen 1–3, 5, 6, 8–11, 13–15 Ca, Cb, Fs, Qr, Tc VU
20 Biatora hemipolia (Nyl.) S. Ekman & Printzen f. pallida Czarnota & Coppins 12 Qr
21 Biatora ocelliformis (Nyl.) Arnold 8 Cb, Fs VU
22 Biatoridium monasteriense J. Lahm 13 Fe NT
23 Buellia griseovirens (Turner & Borrer ex Sm.) Almb. 1–6, 8–12 Cb, Fs
24 Calicium adspersum Pers. 10 Qr EN
25 Calicium salicinum Pers. 1–3, 8, 12 Qr VU
26 Calicium viride Pers. 6, 12, 13 Qr VU
27 Candelariella efflorescens R.C. Harris & W.R. Buck agg. 8, 9 Fs
28 Cetrelia olivetorum (Nyl.) W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb. M Qr EN
29 Chaenotheca chrysocephala (Ach.) Th. Fr. 1–4, 12–14, 16 Qr, Pa
30 Chaenotheca ferruginea (Turner ex Sm.) Mig. 1, 3, 4, 8, 10, 13–16 Pa, Ps, Qr
31 Chaenotheca furfuracea (L.) Tibell 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 Qr NT
32 Chaenotheca stemonea (Ach.) Müll. Arg. 7, 13, 16 Ps, Qr EN
33 Chaenotheca trichialis (Ach.) Th. Fr. 1, 2, 6, 9, 13 Fe, Ps, Qr, Tc, wd NT
34 Chenotheca xyloxena Nádv. M wd VU
35 Chrysothrix candelaris (L.) J.R. Laundon 1, 2, 4, 11, 13 Qr, Tc CR
36 Cladonia chlorophaea (Flörke ex Sommerf.) Spreng. 2, 11, 12 Bp, Qr
37 Cladonia coniocraea (Flörke) Spreng. 1–13, 15, 16 Cb, Bp, Fs, Pa, Ps, Qr, Tc, wd
38 Cladonia digitata (L.) Hoffm. 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 Bp, Pa, Ps, wd
39 Cladonia fimbriata (L.) Fr. 1, 12, 13, 16 Bp, Fs, Qr, Tc, wd
40 Cladonia macilenta Hoffm. 1 wd
41 Cladonia parasitica (Hoffm.) Hoffm. 4, 5 wd EN
42 Coenogonium pineti (Schrad.) Lücking & Lumbsch 1–16 Bp, Cb, Fs, Pa, Ps, Qr, Tc, wd
43 Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. 1, 8, 9, 12 Fs, Qr, wd NT
44 Fellhanera gyrophorica Sérus. & al. 1, 6, 8, 10–13, 15 Fs, Qr, Tc LC
45 Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale M Fs EN
46 Fuscidea arboricola Coppins & Tønsberg 2, 3, 6, 8, 12, 14 Cb, Fs, Tc
47 Fuscidea pusilla Tønsberg 12, 15 Bp, Pa
48 Graphis scripts (L.) Ach. 1–13, 15, 16 Ca, Cb, Fs, Tc, Ug NT
49 Hypocenomyce scalaris (Ach.) Choisy 1–3, 5–8, 12–14, 16 Bp, Fs, Pa, Ps, Qr, Tc
50 Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. 1–4, 7–9, 11–13, 15, 16 Bp, Cb, Fs, Pa, Qr, wd
51 Hypogymnia tubulosa (Schaer.) Hav. 3, 8 Fs Qr NT
52 Inoderma byssaceum (Weigel) Gray 6 Qr EN
53 Lecania croatica (Zahlbr.) Kotlov 1–3, 5, 6, 8, 12–14 Ca, Cb, Fs, Qr, Ug
54 Lecanora argentata (Ach.) Malme 1, 2, 6–9 Ap, Cb, Fs, Qr
55 Lecanora carpinea (L.) Vain. 5 Qr
56 Lecanora substerilis Malíček & Vondrák 4, 6 Cb
57 Lecanora conizaeoides Nyl. M Bp
58 Lecanora expallens Ach. 1–16 Cb, Fe, Fs, Qr, Tc, Ug
59 Lecanora intumescens (Rebent.) Rabenh. 11 Fs EN
60 Lecanora pulicaris (Pers.) Ach. 8, 16 Fs, Qr
61 Lecanora saligna (Schrad.) Zahlbr. 1 wd
62 Lecanora stanislai Guzow-Krzem., Łubek, Malíček & Kukwa 1–4, 6, 9, 13 Ca, Qr, Tc
63 Lecanora thysanophora R.C. Harris 1–9 Cb, Fs, Qr, Tc
64 Lecidea nylanderi (Anzi) Th. Fr. 1 wd
65 Lecidella subviridis Tønsberg 12 Fs
66 Lepra albescens (Huds.) Hafellner 7 Ap
67 Lepra amara (Ach.) Hafellner 1–13, 15, 16 Cb, Fs, Qr, Tc
68 Lepraria elobata Tønsberg 1–16 Bp, Ca, Cb, Fs, Pa, Ps, Qr, Tc, wd
69 Lepraria finkii (B. de Lesd. Ex Hue) R.C. Harrisyl. 1–11, 13–16 Ap, Ca, Cb, Fe, Fs, Qr Tc, Ug
70 Lepraria incana (L.) Ach. 1–16 Ap, Bp, Ca, Cb, Fe, Fs, Pa, Ps, Qr, Tc, Ug, wd
71 Lepraria jackii Tønsberg 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, 12, 13, 16 Bp, Pa, Ps, Qr, Tc, wd
72 Lepraria rigidula (B. de Lesd.) Tønsberg 1–3, 9, 10, 12, 16 Bp, Cb, Fs, Tc
73 Lepraria vouauxii (Hue) R.C. Harris 7, 14 Ap
74 Loxospora elatina (Ach.) A. Massal. 4, 5 Fs EN
75 Melanelixia glabratula (Lamy) O. Blanco & al. 116 Fs Cb Ps Tc Ca Ug
76 Melanohalea exasperatula (Nyl.) O. Blanco & al. M Ca, Cb, Fs, Ps, Tc, Ug
77 Micarea misella (Nyl.) Hedl. 1, 8 wd
78 Micarea prasina grupa 1–16 Ps wd Tc Fs Qr Cb Pa Bp
79 Micarea tomentosa Czarnota & Coppins 10, 16 Qr, wd
80 Micarea viridileprosa Coppins & van den Boom 1 wd
81 *Microcalicium disseminatum (Ach.) Vain. 6, 13 Qr
82 Ochrolechia bahusiensis H. Magn. 3–5, 8, 10–12, 14, 16 Fs, Qr VU
83 Ochrolechia microstictoides Räsänen 2, 11 Bp, Fs
84 Opegrapha niveoatra (Borrer) J.R. Laundon 2, 8–10, 14 Qr VU
85 Parmelia saxatilis (L.) Ach. 2, 6, 8, 11, 12, 14, 16 Bp, Fs, Ps, Qr
86 Parmelia sulcata Taylor 1–3, 5, 7–10, 13, 15, 16 Fs Qr Cb Ps wd Bp
87 Parmeliopsis ambigua (Wulfen) Nyl. 1, 4, 8, 12, 16 Bp, Cb, Fs, Qr, Ps, wd
88 Pertusaria coccodes (Ach.) Nyl. 5, 9, 12, 15 Fs, Qr NT
89 Pertusaria leioplaca DC. 1 Cb NT
90 Pertusaria pupillaris (Nyl.) Th. Fr. 8 Cb, Qr NT
91 Phaeophyscia endophoenicea (Harm.) Moberg 3, 16 Fs EN
92 Phaeophyscia orbicularis (Neck.) Moberg 16 Fs
93 Phlyctis argena (Ach.) Flot. 1–10, 12–16 Ap, Ca, Cb, Fe, Fs, Qr, Tc, Ug
94 Physcia adscendens (Fr.) H. Olivier 7 Fs
95 Physcia stellaris (L.) Nyl. 8 Qr
96 Physcia tenella (Scop.) DC. 1, 5–9, 16 Ap, Fs
97 Physconia enteroxantha (Nyl.) Poelt 7, 10 Ap, Cb, Fs, Qr
98 Placynthiella dasaea (Stirt.) Tønsberg 2, 5, 8–10, 13 Bp, Fs, wd
99 Placynthiella icmalea (Ach.) Coppins & P. James 1–3, 8, 12 Bp, Fs, wd
100 Platismatia glauca (L.) W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb. 1, 3, 8, 9, 11, 12, 16 Bp, Fs, Qr, wd
101 Porina aenea (Wallr.) Zahlbr. 1, 4–6, 8, 13–16 Cb, Fs, Qr, Tc, Ug
102 Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf 3, 8 Bp, Fs, Qr
103 Psoroglaena dictyospora (Orange) H. Harada 2 Qr
104 Pyrenula nitida (Weigel) Ach. 9 Fs VU
105 Pyrenula nitidella (Flörke) Müll. Arg. M Fs EN
106 Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach. 1, 5, 8, 11, 12, 15 Bp, Fs, Qr VU
107 Ramalina pollinaria (Westr.) Ach. 1, 10 Qr VU
108 Rinodina degeliana Coppins 1, 8–10, 12, 13 Ca, Cb, Fs, Qr
109 Rinodina efflorescens Malme 1, 2, 6–8, 12 Cb, Fs
110 Ropalospora viridis (Tønsberg) Tønsberg 1–12, 14–16 Bp, Cb, Fs, Qr
111 Trapeliopsis flexuosa (Fr.) Coppins & P. James 2, 8 Bp, wd
112 Trapeliopsis granulosa (Hoffm.) Lumbsch 1 wd
113 Usnea dasopoda (Ach.) Röhl. 3 Bp, Fs VU
114 Usnea subfloridana Stirt. 1 Ps EN
115 Violella fucata (Stirt.) T. Sprib. 2, 3, 8, 11, 16 Bp, Fs, Tc
116 Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th. Fr. 8 Bp, Fs, Qr
117 Xylospora caradocensis (Nyl.) Bendiksby & Timdal 13 Ps
118 Zwackhia viridis (Ach.) Poetsch & Schied. 1, 5, 6, 8–11, 13–16 Cb, Fs, Qr, Tc VU
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