Open Access

Effect of Thermal and External Load on Mechanical Behaviour on CFRP/Aluminium Hybrid Joints

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Jul 07, 2025

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Figure 1.

Geometry of hybrid specimen.
Geometry of hybrid specimen.

Figure 2.

Strain gauge location on hybrid specimen.
Strain gauge location on hybrid specimen.

Figure 3.

Test setup.
Test setup.

Figure 4.

Schematic diagram of marker band waveform.
Schematic diagram of marker band waveform.

Figure 5.

FEM model.
FEM model.

Figure 6.

Test specimen after fatigue test. (Left: 25 degrees Celsius, Middel and Right: 85 degrees Celsius)
Test specimen after fatigue test. (Left: 25 degrees Celsius, Middel and Right: 85 degrees Celsius)

Figure 7.

Fracture surface of test specimen. (Top: 25 degrees Celsius, Middel and Bottom: 85 degrees Celsius)
Fracture surface of test specimen. (Top: 25 degrees Celsius, Middel and Bottom: 85 degrees Celsius)

Figure 8.

Strain at SG-3 during repeated loading by coupling thermal and external loads. (Left: total strain vs test temperature, Right: total strain vs external load)
Strain at SG-3 during repeated loading by coupling thermal and external loads. (Left: total strain vs test temperature, Right: total strain vs external load)

Figure 9.

Elastic strain behavior at SG-3 during repeated loading by coupling thermal and external loads.
Elastic strain behavior at SG-3 during repeated loading by coupling thermal and external loads.

Figure 10.

Elastic strain behavior at SG-3 during cyclic external loading.
Elastic strain behavior at SG-3 during cyclic external loading.

Figure 11.

Elastic strain behavior obtained by FEM at SG-3 during repeated loading by coupling thermal and external loads.
Elastic strain behavior obtained by FEM at SG-3 during repeated loading by coupling thermal and external loads.

Figure 12.

Elastic strain behavior at SG-13 during repeated loading by coupling thermal and external loads.
Elastic strain behavior at SG-13 during repeated loading by coupling thermal and external loads.

Figure 13.

Elastic strain behavior obtained by FEM at SG-13 during repeated loading by coupling thermal and external loads.
Elastic strain behavior obtained by FEM at SG-13 during repeated loading by coupling thermal and external loads.

Figure 14.

Elastic strain contour on Aluminum plate (z = -2.28) obtained by FEM. (P = 47 kN, -55 degrees Celsius)
Elastic strain contour on Aluminum plate (z = -2.28) obtained by FEM. (P = 47 kN, -55 degrees Celsius)

Figure 15.

Stress contour on Aluminum plate (z = -2.28) obtained by FEM. (P = 47 kN, -55 degrees Celsius)
Stress contour on Aluminum plate (z = -2.28) obtained by FEM. (P = 47 kN, -55 degrees Celsius)

Test results_

Test temperature (degrees Celsius) Total cycles Initial cycles No. of MB
25 209,995 200,000 1
85 141,107 141,107 0
85 136,924 130,000 2

Test profile_

Initial Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Temperature (degrees Celsius) 25 85 -55 85
Load (kN) 0 0 47 0
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
1 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Engineering, Introductions and Overviews, Engineering, other