<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>The issue of inequality in the use of urban transport space is particularly important in today’s car-saturated cities. Increasing the convenience, safety and respect for the rights of vulnerable road users, including in particular pedestrians and cyclists, is emerging as a particular challenge. Grassroots initiatives of city residents, who become cycling advocates and cycling activists, are confronting this problem. Among various forms of activism there is also the organisation of ‘critical masses’, which were originally intended to remind us about the rights of this group of road users through a simultaneous passage of multiple cyclists through the streets of the city. From the late 20th century to the present day, such events have undergone change. The aim of this study was to investigate how today’s critical masses differ from their 1990s prototypes. The research analysed bike critical masses organised in Poland, a country with an underdeveloped cycling culture and low cycling modal share. At one such event, a survey was also conducted to determine why participants chose to attend. The study confirmed that contemporary bicycle critical masses are recreational events promoting cycling.</p>
</abstract>

The issue of inequality in the use of urban transport space is particularly important in today’s car-saturated cities. Increasing the convenience, safety and respect for the rights of vulnerable road users, including in particular pedestrians and cyclists, is emerging as a particular challenge. Grassroots initiatives of city residents, who become cycling advocates and cycling activists, are confronting this problem. Among various forms of activism there is also the organisation of ‘critical masses’, which were originally intended to remind us about the rights of this group of road users through a simultaneous passage of multiple cyclists through the streets of the city. From the late 20th century to the present day, such events have undergone change. The aim of this study was to investigate how today’s critical masses differ from their 1990s prototypes. The research analysed bike critical masses organised in Poland, a country with an underdeveloped cycling culture and low cycling modal share. At one such event, a survey was also conducted to determine why participants chose to attend. The study confirmed that contemporary bicycle critical masses are recreational events promoting cycling.

Bicycle critical mass events 30 years on – are they an urban mobility movement or a bicycle festival?

Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management

Department of Urban and Regional Development Studies

Environmental & Socio-economic Studies

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The issue of inequality in the use of urban transport space is particularly important in today’s car-saturated cities. Increasing the convenience, safety and...

Bicycle critical mass events 30 years on – are they an urban mobility movement or a bicycle festival?

Published Online: Jun 11, 2024

Page range: 28 - 39

Received: Nov 27, 2023

Accepted: Apr 08, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/environ-2024-0010

Keywords
bicycle, cycling policy, bicycle activist, biketivism, bicycle critical mass

© 2024 Michał Adam Kwiatkowski., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Bicycle critical mass events 30 years on – are they an urban mobility movement or a bicycle festival?

Published Online: Jun 11, 2024

Page range: 28 - 39

Received: Nov 27, 2023

Accepted: Apr 08, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/environ-2024-0010

Keywordsbicycle, cycling policy, bicycle activist, biketivism, bicycle critical mass

© 2024 Michał Adam Kwiatkowski., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
bicycle, cycling policy, bicycle activist, biketivism, bicycle critical mass