This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Aminov R. A brief history of the antibiotic era: lessons learned and challenges for the future. 10.3389/ fmicb.2010.00134AminovR10.3389/ fmicb.2010.0013410.3389/fmicb.2010.00134310940521687759Search in Google Scholar
Oliem S, Noor S, Bushara S, Ahmed M, Elmadhoun W. The Irrational Use of Antibiotics Among Doctors, Pharmacists and the Public in River Nile State, Sudan. Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences 2019;10.18502/sjms.v14i4.5909OliemSNoorSBusharaSAhmedMElmadhounWThe Irrational Use of Antibiotics Among Doctors, Pharmacists and the Public in River Nile State, Sudan201910.18502/sjms.v14i4.590910.18502/sjms.v14i4.5909Search in Google Scholar
Elfaki A. Assessment of Antibiotics prescription in Hospitalized Patients at Elobeid Hospital, Sudan. Sudan JMS 2009;4(3)ElfakiAAssessment of Antibiotics prescription in Hospitalized Patients at Elobeid Hospital, Sudan20094310.4314/sjms.v4i3.48321Search in Google Scholar
Elhada A, Eltayeb I, Mudawi M. PATTERN OF SELF-MEDICATION WITH ANTIBIOTICS IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2014; 678-692ElhadaAEltayebIMudawiMPATTERN OF SELF-MEDICATION WITH ANTIBIOTICS IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN2014678–692Search in Google Scholar
Sanchez M, Vallina-Victorero M, Bachiller M, Arbizu R, Llaneza E, Rozada S, et al. Variability in the community consumption of antibiotics: a problem in Europe, Spain and Asturias. Le Infezioni in Medicina, n 2019; 2, 134-140SanchezMVallina-VictoreroMBachillerMArbizuRLlanezaERozadaSet alVariability in the community consumption of antibiotics: a problem in Europe, Spain and Asturias20192134–140Search in Google Scholar
Ahmed S, Abdelrahman S, Saad D, Osman I, Osman M, Khalil E. Etiological Trends and Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance in Respiratory Infections. The Open Microbiology Journal 2018; 12, 34-40AhmedSAbdelrahmanSSaadDOsmanIOsmanMKhalilEEtiological Trends and Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance in Respiratory Infections20181234–4010.2174/1874285801812010034589798229785214Search in Google Scholar
Ahmed A, Osman H, Mansour A, Musa H, Ahmed A, Karrar Z, et al. ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT RESISTANCE IN BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM PATIENTS WITH DIARRHEA AND URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN THE SUDAN. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg 2000; 259–263AhmedAOsmanHMansourAMusaHAhmedAKarrarZet alANTIMICROBIAL AGENT RESISTANCE IN BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM PATIENTS WITH DIARRHEA AND URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN THE SUDAN2000259–26310.4269/ajtmh.2000.63.259Search in Google Scholar
Elbur A, Yousif M, El Sayed A, Abdel-Rahman M. Misuse of prophylactic antibiotics and prevalence of postoperative wound infection in obstetrics and gynecology department in a Sudanese hospital. Health 2014; 158-164ElburAYousifMElSayed AAbdel-RahmanMMisuse of prophylactic antibiotics and prevalence of postoperative wound infection in obstetrics and gynecology department in a Sudanese hospital2014158–16410.4236/health.2014.62025Search in Google Scholar
Bell B, Schellevis F, Stobberingh E, Goossens H, Pringle M. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of antibiotic consumption on antibiotic resistance. BMC 2014; 1471-2334/14/13BellBSchellevisFStobberinghEGoossensHPringleMA systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of antibiotic consumption on antibiotic resistance20141471-2334/14/1310.1186/1471-2334-14-13389798224405683Search in Google Scholar
Toy T, Pak G, Duk T, Campbell J, El Tayeb M, Kalckreuth V, et al. Multicountry Distribution and Characterization of Extended-spectrum β-Lactamase–associated Gram-negative Bacteria From Bloodstream Infections in Sub-Saharan Africa. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2019; 69(S6):S449–58ToyTPakGDukTCampbellJElTayeb MKalckreuthVet alMulticountry Distribution and Characterization of Extended-spectrum β-Lactamase–associated Gram-negative Bacteria From Bloodstream Infections in Sub-Saharan Africa201969S6S4495810.1093/cid/ciz450682126631665776Search in Google Scholar
Tadesse B, Ashley E, Ongarello S, Havumaki J, Wijegoonewardena M, González I, et al. Antimicrobial resistance in Africa: a systematic review. BMC Infectious Diseases 2017; 17:616TadesseBAshleyEOngarelloSHavumakiJWijegoonewardenaMGonzálezIet alAntimicrobial resistance in Africa: a systematic review20171761610.1186/s12879-017-2713-1559453928893183Search in Google Scholar
Mouiche M, Moffo F, Akoachere J, Okah-Nnane N, Mapiefou N, Ndze V, et al. Antimicrobial resistance from a one health perspective in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1135MouicheMMoffoFAkoachereJOkah-NnaneNMapiefouNNdzeVet alAntimicrobial resistance from a one health perspective in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis201919113510.1186/s12889-019-7450-5670079831426792Search in Google Scholar
Escudeiro P, Pothier J, Dionisio F, Nogueira T. Antibiotic resistance gene diversity and virulence gene diversity are correlated in human gut and environmental microbiomes. mSphere 2019; 4:e00135-19EscudeiroPPothierJDionisioFNogueiraTAntibiotic resistance gene diversity and virulence gene diversity are correlated in human gut and environmental microbiomes20194e001351910.1128/mSphere.00135-19649533631043514Search in Google Scholar
Akova I, Baquero F, Carlet J, Cavaleri M, Coenen S, Cohen J, et al. The global threat of antimicrobial resistance: science for intervention. New Microbe and New Infect 2015; 6: 22–29AkovaIBaqueroFCarletJCavaleriMCoenenSCohenJet alThe global threat of antimicrobial resistance: science for intervention20156222910.1016/j.nmni.2015.02.007444639926029375Search in Google Scholar
Pearson M, Chandler C. Knowing antimicrobial resistance in practice: a multi-country qualitative study with human and animal healthcare professionals. GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION 2019;1599560PearsonMChandlerCKnowing antimicrobial resistance in practice: a multi-country qualitative study with human and animal healthcare professionals2019159956010.1080/16549716.2019.1599560670314931294679Search in Google Scholar
Mboya E, Sanga L, Ngocho J. Irrational use of antibiotics in the Moshi Municipality Northern Tanzania: a cross sectional study. Pan African Medical Journal 2018;31:165.MboyaESangaLNgochoJIrrational use of antibiotics in the Moshi Municipality Northern Tanzania: a cross sectional study20183116510.11604/pamj.2018.31.165.15991649220531086618Search in Google Scholar
Akinyandenu O, Akinyandenu A. Irrational use and non-prescription sale of antibiotics in Nigeria: A need for change. Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research 2014; 3 (2): 251-257AkinyandenuOAkinyandenuAIrrational use and non-prescription sale of antibiotics in Nigeria: A need for change20143225125710.31254/jsir.2014.3222Search in Google Scholar
Machowska A, Lundborg C. Drivers of Irrational Use of Antibiotics in Europe. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019;16, 27MachowskaALundborgCDrivers of Irrational Use of Antibiotics in Europe2019162710.3390/ijerph16010027633898530583571Search in Google Scholar
Abdulah R. Antibiotic Abuse in Developing Countries. Pharmaceut Reg Affairs 2012; 1000e106AbdulahRAntibiotic Abuse in Developing Countries20121000e10610.4172/2167-7689.1000e106Search in Google Scholar
Saleem Z, Saeed H, Hassali M, Godman B, Asif U, Yousaf M, et al. Pattern of inappropriate antibiotic use among hospitalized patients in Pakistan: a longitudinal surveillance and implications. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 2019; 8:188SaleemZSaeedHHassaliMGodmanBAsifUYousafMet alPattern of inappropriate antibiotic use among hospitalized patients in Pakistan: a longitudinal surveillance and implications2019818810.1186/s13756-019-0649-5687372931768252Search in Google Scholar
Achong M, Hauser B, Krusky J. Rational and irrational use of antibiotics in a Canadian teaching hospital. CMA JOURNAL/FEBRUARY 2015; 1977/VOL. 116AchongMHauserBKruskyJRational and irrational use of antibiotics in a Canadian teaching hospital20151977/VOL. 116Search in Google Scholar
Ibrahim M, Bilal N, Hamid M. Comparison of Phenotypic Characteristics and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Clinical Escherichia coli Collected From Two Unrelated Geographical Areas. Global Journal of Health Science 2014; 1916-9736IbrahimMBilalNHamidMComparison of Phenotypic Characteristics and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Clinical Escherichia coli Collected From Two Unrelated Geographical Areas20141916–973610.5539/gjhs.v6n6p126482550625363111Search in Google Scholar
Walker GT, Quan J, Higgins SG, Toraskar N, Chang W, Saeed A, et al. Predicting antibiotic resistance in Gramnegative bacilli from resistance genes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:e02462-18.WalkerGTQuanJHigginsSGToraskarNChangWSaeedAet alPredicting antibiotic resistance in Gramnegative bacilli from resistance genes201963e024621810.1128/AAC.02462-18649615430917985Search in Google Scholar
Remschmidt C, Schneider S, Meyer E, Schroeren-Boersch B, Gastmeier P, Schwab F. Surveillance of antibiotic use and resistance in intensive care units (SARI)—a 15-year cohort study. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2017; 114: 858–65RemschmidtCSchneiderSMeyerESchroeren-BoerschBGastmeierPSchwabFSurveillance of antibiotic use and resistance in intensive care units (SARI)—a 15-year cohort study201711485865Search in Google Scholar
Facciola A, Riso R, Avventuros E, Visalli G, Delia S, Lagana P. Campylobacter: from microbiology to prevention. J PREV MED HYG 2017; 58: E79-E92FacciolaARisoRAvventurosEVisalliGDeliaSLaganaPCampylobacter: from microbiology to prevention201758E79E92Search in Google Scholar
Abbas M, Sharif F, Osman S, Osman A, El Sanousi S, Magzoub M, et al. Prevalence and Associated Symptoms of Helicobacter pylori Infection among Schoolchildren in Kassala State, East of Sudan. Hindawi Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2018; 4325752AbbasMSharifFOsmanSOsmanAElSanousi SMagzoubMet alPrevalence and Associated Symptoms of Helicobacter pylori Infection among Schoolchildren in Kassala State, East of Sudan2018432575210.1155/2018/4325752582054529568312Search in Google Scholar
Jaka H, Rhee J, Östlundh L, Smart L, Peck R, Mueller A, et al. The magnitude of antibiotic resistance to Helicobacter pylori in Africa and identified mutations which confer resistance to antibiotics: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infectious Diseases 2018; 18:193JakaHRheeJÖstlundhLSmartLPeckRMuellerAet alThe magnitude of antibiotic resistance to Helicobacter pylori in Africa and identified mutations which confer resistance to antibiotics: systematic review and meta-analysis20181819310.1186/s12879-018-3099-4592156329699490Search in Google Scholar
Mabeku L, Bille B, Zemnou C, Nguefack L, Leundji F. Road spectrum resistance in Helicobacter pylori isolated from gastric biopsies of patients with dyspepsia in Cameroon and efflux-mediated multiresistance detection in MDR isolates. BMC Infectious Diseases 2019; 19:880MabekuLBilleBZemnouCNguefackLLeundjiFRoad spectrum resistance in Helicobacter pylori isolated from gastric biopsies of patients with dyspepsia in Cameroon and efflux-mediated multiresistance detection in MDR isolates20191988010.1186/s12879-019-4536-8680654731640588Search in Google Scholar