About this article
Published Online: Jan 06, 2015
Page range: 99 - 100
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0662
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© 1997 Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Smoking machines are mechanical devices for the standardized smoking of cigarettes, facilitating the determination of nicotine and condensate yields of cigarettes according to strictly controlled parameters such as puff duration, puff volume, number of puffs and butt length. The development of smoking machines dates back some 50 years. The first - a four channel smoking machine - was built by Bradford, Harlan and Hammer in 1936.