Water Quality Fluctuations in Shrimp Ponds During Dry and Rainy Seasons

Season and water quality are essential indicators in the life cycle of pond ecosystems. The season is a natural factor affecting the level of water quality dynamics in shrimp cultivation in ponds. This study aims to evaluate the dynamics of differences in water quality parameters in intensive Litopenaeus vannamei ponds during dry and rainy seasons. This current study applied an ex post facto causal design based on actual field conditions. During the rainy season, water quality parameters tended to fluctuate dynamically, with the parameters of phosphate (PO₄), nitrite (NO₂), and total organic matter (TOM) exceeding the threshold value of water quality standards for aquaculture, with a PO₄ value of 0.734 mg/L, a NO₂ of 0.180 mg/L, and a TOM of 101.29 mg/L. In the dry season, water quality parameters remained stable, with only the phosphate parameter showing a value above the water quality standard threshold of 0.633 mg/L. Based on the trend of fluctuations in the two seasons, a model of equation Y = 3.979 + 0.814x was made with a significance value <α (0.05), which means that the two seasons positively correlated with the impact on fluctuations of water quality in the ponds. The results of the dynamic modelling analysis showed contradictions in water quality and nutrients during rainy and dry seasons. Water quality parameters in intensive L. vannamei cultivation during dry and rainy seasons fluctuated dynamically and differed according to the type of weather conditions and the current season.