Optimizing Manual Assembly Operations: Ergonomics Analysis and Human-Robot Collaboration

This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the field of ergonomics, with a specific focus on the application of virtual simulation in the context of manual assembly stations assisted by collaborative robots. The theoretical part of this paper presents a concise introduction to the origins and key figures in the field of ergonomics, highlighting the importance and relevance of this discipline. It also discusses the current methods of ergonomic evaluation and the necessary steps involved in conducting such assessments. Furthermore, it delves into the existing standards, associations, and organizations related to ergonomics, as well as the software solutions available for ergonomic analysis. A case study is presented which demonstrates how to perform an ergonomic analysis using the Ergonomics Evaluation module within the 3D Experience platform. The methodology follows a systematic approach, starting with a physical environment simulation to identify key positions for virtual evaluation. These positions are then simulated using a representative 3D model of the assembly station and selected manikins. The chosen ergonomic analysis method is tailored to the specific movements involved in the assembly activity.