Exploring the Role of Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation in the Development of Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome

Spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) is a mission-critical limitation of long-duration spaceflight. The syndrome is comprised of globe flattening, hyperopic shifts, chorioretinal folds, optic disc edema, and cotton-wool spots; however, not every astronaut develops this pathology. Here, we present a hypothesis regarding one potential mechanism, intraocular pressure fluctuations, for the pathophysiology of the development of SANS. Further, we suggest ways in which this mechanism can be tested terrestrially.