<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>The gastrointestinal tract plays a crucial role in nutrient absorption, secretion, and motility, ensuring proper digestion and overall homeostasis. Regulation of this complex system involves the coordination of various communication pathways, including neural and humoral mechanisms. One such mechanism is the endocannabinoid system (ECS), a signalling network comprising endogenous cannabinoids, receptors, and enzymes involved in the regulation of physiological processes in mammals and non-mammalian species. While extensive research has been conducted on the ECS in monogastric animals, limited information is available on its presence and distribution in cattle. This study aimed to investigate the distribution and localization patterns of cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1R) and type 2 (CB2R) and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) in the bovine small intestine. The study included immunohistochemical analysis of intestinal tissue samples from Polish Holstein-Friesian breed bulls. Gene expression levels of <italic>CNR1</italic>, <italic>CNR2</italic>, and <italic>TRPV1</italic> genes, encoding CB1R, CB2R, and TRPV1, respectively, were quantified using qPCR analysis. The results showed that all three receptors were expressed in the bovine small intestine, with <italic>TRPV1</italic> exhibiting a significant upregulation in the jejunum compared to the duodenum and ileum. Immunoreactivity for CB1R and CB2R was predominantly observed in neurons of the enteric plexuses, while TRPV1 immunolabeling was detected in both enteric neurons and duodenal Brunner’s glands. These findings may establish an anatomical foundation for further investigations, lending support to the potential therapeutic efficacy of cannabinoid receptor agonists in alleviating gastrointestinal motility disorders associated with bovine enteropathies and optimizing milk production in dairy cattle.</p>
</abstract>

The gastrointestinal tract plays a crucial role in nutrient absorption, secretion, and motility, ensuring proper digestion and overall homeostasis. Regulation of this complex system involves the coordination of various communication pathways, including neural and humoral mechanisms. One such mechanism is the endocannabinoid system (ECS), a signalling network comprising endogenous cannabinoids, receptors, and enzymes involved in the regulation of physiological processes in mammals and non-mammalian species. While extensive research has been conducted on the ECS in monogastric animals, limited information is available on its presence and distribution in cattle. This study aimed to investigate the distribution and localization patterns of cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1R) and type 2 (CB2R) and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) in the bovine small intestine. The study included immunohistochemical analysis of intestinal tissue samples from Polish Holstein-Friesian breed bulls. Gene expression levels of CNR1, CNR2, and TRPV1 genes, encoding CB1R, CB2R, and TRPV1, respectively, were quantified using qPCR analysis. The results showed that all three receptors were expressed in the bovine small intestine, with TRPV1 exhibiting a significant upregulation in the jejunum compared to the duodenum and ileum. Immunoreactivity for CB1R and CB2R was predominantly observed in neurons of the enteric plexuses, while TRPV1 immunolabeling was detected in both enteric neurons and duodenal Brunner’s glands. These findings may establish an anatomical foundation for further investigations, lending support to the potential therapeutic efficacy of cannabinoid receptor agonists in alleviating gastrointestinal motility disorders associated with bovine enteropathies and optimizing milk production in dairy cattle.

Gene expression level and immunohistochemical localization of cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors in the small intestine of Holstein bulls (<italic>Bos taurus taurus</italic>)

Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine

Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology

Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine

Department of Normal and Pathological Morphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine

Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies

Annals of Animal Science

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Gene expression level and immunohistochemical localization of cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors in the small intestine of Holstein bulls ()

The gastrointestinal tract plays a crucial role in nutrient absorption, secretion, and motility, ensuring proper digestion and overall homeostasis. Regulation...

Gene expression level and immunohistochemical localization of cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors in the small intestine of Holstein bulls (Bos taurus taurus)

Published Online: Feb 07, 2024

Page range: -

Received: Aug 16, 2023

Accepted: Dec 15, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2024-0016

Keywords
endocannabinoid system, cattle, CB1R, CB2R, TRPV1

© 2024 Cezary Osiak-Wicha et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Gene expression level and immunohistochemical localization of cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors in the small intestine of Holstein bulls (Bos taurus taurus)

Published Online: Feb 07, 2024

Page range: -

Received: Aug 16, 2023

Accepted: Dec 15, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2024-0016

Keywordsendocannabinoid system, cattle, CB1R, CB2R, TRPV1

© 2024 Cezary Osiak-Wicha et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
endocannabinoid system, cattle, CB1R, CB2R, TRPV1