[
Aksit M., Karacamakli Yardim Z. and Yalcin S. (2017). Environmental enrichment influences on broiler performance and meat quality: effect of light source and providing perches. Eur. Poult. Sci., 81:1-10.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Alqaisi O., Ndambi O.A. and Williams R.B. (2017). Time series livestock diet optimization: cost-effective broiler feed substitution using the commodity price spread approach. Agric. Food Econ., 5:25.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
AMSA2012. American meat science association committee on guidelines for meat color evaluation. National Live Stock and Meat Board 444 North Michigan Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60611.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Aviagen 2001. Ross 308 broiler performance objectives. Aviagen Group, Cummings Research Park, 5015 Bradford Drive, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Aviagen 2018. Ross broiler pocket guide. Scotland, UK.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Aviagen 2019. Ross 308 broiler: nutrition specifications. Huntsville, AL, USA.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Aviagen 2022. Ross 308 broiler performance objectives. Aviagen Group, Cummings Research Park, 5015 Bradford Drive, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Azizi B., Sadeghi G., Karimi A., Abed F. (2011). Effects of dietary energy and protein dilution and time of feed replacement from starter to grower on broiler chickens performance. J. Cent. Eur. Agric. 12(1):44-52.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bach M.H., Tahamtani F.M., Pedersen I.J., Riber A.B. (2019). Effects of environmental complexity on behaviour in fast-growing broiler chickens. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 219:104840.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bailey R.A., Souza E. and Avendano S. (2020). Characterising the influence of genetics on breast muscle myopathies in broiler chickens. Front. Physiol., 11:1041.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bailie C.L., Ball M.E.E. and O’Connell N.E. (2013). Influence of the provision of natural light and straw bales on activity levels and leg health in commercial broiler chickens. Animal, 7:618–626.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bailie C.L. and O’Connell N.E. (2015). The influence of providing perches and string on activity levels, fearfulness and leg health in commercial broiler chickens. Animal, 9(4):660-668.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Baxter M., Bailie C.L., O’Connell N.E. (2018). Evaluation of a dustbathing substrate and straw bales as environmental enrichments in commercial broiler housing. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 200 :78-85.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Barbut S., Zhang L. and Marcone M. (2005). Effects of pale, normal, and dark chicken breast meat on microstructure, extractable proteins, and cooking of marinated fillets. Poult. Sci., 84:797-802.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Barbut S., Sosnicki A.A., Lonergan S.M., Knapp T., Ciobanu D.C., Gatcliffe L.J., Huff-Lonergan E., Wilson E.W. (2008). Progress in reducing the pale, soft and exudative (PSE) problem in pork and poultry meat. Meat Sci., 79 (1): 46-63.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bench C.J., Oryschak M.A., Korver D.R. and Beltranena E. (2017). Behaviour, growth performance, foot pad quality, bone density, and carcass traits of broiler chickens reared with barrier perches and fed different dietary crude protein levels. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 97:268-280.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bessei W. (2006). Welfare of broilers: A review. Worlds Poult. Sci. J., 62: 455-466.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bizeray D., Estevez I., Leterrier C., Faure J.M. (2002). Influence of increased environmental complexity on leg condition, performance and level of fearfulness in broilers. Poult. Sci., 81:767-773.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Butzen F.M., Ribeiro A.M.L., Vieira M.M., Kessler A.M., Dadalt J.C., Della M.P. (2012). Early feed restriction in broilers. I-Performance, body fraction weights, and meat quality. J. Appl. Poult. Res., 22 (2): 251-259.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Cavani C., Petracci M., Trocino A., Xiccato G. (2009). Advances in research on poultry and rabbit meat quality. Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 8:741-750.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Chen W., Guo Y.M., Huang Y.Q., Shi Y.H., Zhang C.X., Wang J.W. (2012). Effect of energy restriction on growth, slaughter performance, serum biochemical parameters and Lpin2/WDTC1/mRNA expression of broilers in the later phase. J. Poult. Sci. 49:12-19.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Chodova D., Tumova E., Ketta M. and Skrivanova V. (2021). Breast meat quality in males and females of fast-, medium- and slow-growing chickens fed diets of 2 protein levels. Poult. Sci., 100(4):100997.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Cornejo S., Gadelha A.C., Pokniak J., Villouta G. (2007). Qualitative feed restriction on productive performance and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec., 59(6): 1554-1562.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Dairo F.A.S., Adesehinwa O.A.K., Oluwasola T.A. and Oluyemi J.A. (2010). High and low dietary energy and protein levels for broiler chickens. Afr. J. Agric. Res., 5(15):2030-2038.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
de Jong I.C., van Voorst S., Ehlhardt D.A., Blokhuis H.J. (2002). Effects of restricted feeding on physiological stress parameters in growing broiler breeders. Br. Poult. Sci., 43(2):157-168.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Dereli Fidan E., Okur E.Z. (2022). Effect of light intensity and perch on fear and stress reactions and some meat quality characteristics in broilers. Harran Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg., 11(1): 37-42.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Dibner J.J., Richards J.D., Kitchell M.L. and Quiroz M.A. (2007). Metabolic challenges and early bone development. J. Appl. Poult. Res., 16:126-137.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Dransfield E. and Sosnicki A.A. (1999). Relationship between muscle growth and poultry meat quality. Poult. Sci., 78:743-746.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
EU 2007. EU Council Directive 2007/43/EC of 28 June 2007 laying down minimum rules for the protection of chickens kept for meat production. Official Journal of the European Union, Luxembourg. http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2007/43/oj.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Estevez I., Tablante N., Pettit-Riley R.L., Carr L. (2002). Use of cool perches by broiler chickens. Poult. Sci., 81:62-69.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Fletcher D.L., Qiao M. and Smith D.P. (2000). The relationship of raw broiler breast meat color and ph to cooked meat color and pH. Poult. Sci., 79: 784-788.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Fletcher DL. (2002). Poultry meat quality. Worlds Poult. Sci. J., 58(2):131-145.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Güz B.C., de Jong I.C., Da Silva C.S., Veldkamp F., Kemp B., Molenaar R., van den Brand H (2021). Effects of pen enrichment on leg health of fast and slower-growing broiler chickens. PLoS ONE, 16(12): e0254462.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hassanabadi A. and Moghaddam H.N. (2006). Effect of early feed restriction on performance characteristics and serum thyroxin of broiler chickens. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 5(12):1156-1159.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Heckert R.A., Estevez I., Russek-Cohen E., Pettit-Riley R. (2002). Effects of density and perch availability on the immune status of broilers. Poult. Sci., 81:451-457.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hocking P.M., Maxwell M.H., Mitchell M.A. (1996). Relationships between the degree of food restriction and welfare indices in broiler breeder females. Br. Poult. Sci., 37(2): 263-278.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Honikel K.O. (1998). Reference methods for the assessment of physical characteristics of meat. Meat Sci., 49 (4):447-457, 1998.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hongchao J., Jiang Y., Song Z., Zhao J., Wang X. and Lin H. (2013). Effect of perch type and stocking density on the behaviour and growth of broilers. Anim. Prod. Sci., 54(7):930-941.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Huang X. and Ahn D.U. (2018). The incidence of muscle abnormalities in broiler breast meat – A review. Korean J.Food Sci. Anim. Resour., 38:835-850.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hussein E.O.S., Suliman G.M., Abudabos A.M., Alowaimer A.N., Ahmed S.H., Abd El-Hack M.E., Alagawany M., Swelum A.A., Tinelli A., Tufarelli V. and Laudadio V. (2019). Effect of a low-energy and enzyme-supplemented diet on broiler chicken growth, carcass traits and meat quality. Arch. Anim. Breed., 62: 297-304.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Jang I.S., Kang S.Y., Ko Y.H., Moon Y.S. and Sohn S.H. (2009). Effect of Qualitative and Quantitative Feed Restriction on Growth Performance and Immune Function in Broiler Chickens. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci., 22(3):388-395.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Jones P.J., Tahamtani F.M., Pedersen I.J., Niemi J.K. and Riber A.B. (2020). The productivity and financial impacts of eight types of environmental enrichment for broiler chickens. Animals, 10(3):378, 2020.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Karaarslan S., Tatlı O., Kaya M., Türkyılmaz M.K., Oral Toplu H.D., Dereli Fidan E., Nazlıgül A. and Okur E.Z. (2022). Effects of barrier perch access and early dietary protein and energy dilution on some welfare parameters, tibiotarsus measurements, fear and mobility level in broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci., 63(2):99-107.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kim H., Kim H.J., Jeon J.J., Son J., You A.S., Kang B.S., Hong E.C. and Kang H.K. (2021). Effect of perch type and height on the growth performance, behavioral characteristics, and meat quality of broilers. Korean J. Poult. Sci., 48(4):227-238.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kiyma Z., Küçükyılmaz K. and Orojpour A. (2016). Effects of perch availability on performance, carcass characteristics, and footpad lesions in broilers. Arch. Anim. Breed., 59:19–25.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Lee S.K., Chon J.W., Yun Y.K., Lee J.C., Jo C., Song K.Y., Kim D.H., Bae D., Kim H., Moon J.S., and Seo K.H. (2022). Properties of broiler breast meat with pale color and a new approach for evaluating meat freshness in poultry processing plants. Poult. Sci., 101(3): 101627.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Lippens M., Room G., DeGroote G. and Decuypere E. (2000). Early and temporary quantitative food restriction of broiler chickens. Effects on performance characteristics, mortality and meat quality. Br. Poult. Sci., 41: 343-354.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Lippens M., Huyghebaert G., Tuyl O.V., Groote GD. (2002). Early and temporary qualitative, autonomous feed restriction of broiler chickens. Effect on performance characteristics, mortality, carcass and meat quality. Europ. Poult. Sci., 67: 49-56.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Mallick P., Muduli K., Biswal J.N. and Pumwa J. (2020). Broiler poultry feed cost optimization using linear programming technique. Journal of Operations and Strategic Planning 3(1):31-57.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Marchewka J., Sztandarski P., Solka M., Louton H., Rath K., Vogt L., Rauch E., Ruijter D., de Jong I.C., and Horbanczuk J.O. (2023). Linking key husbandry factors to the intrinsic quality of broiler meat. Poult. Sci., 102:102384
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Marcu A., Vacaru-Opriş J., Dumitrescu G., Marcu A., Ciochină L.P., Nicula M., Dronca D., Kelciov B. (2013). Effect of diets with different energy and protein levels on breast muscle characteristics of broiler chickens. Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 46 (1):333-340.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Mench J.A. (2002). Broiler breeders: Feed restriction and welfare. World Poult Sci J., 58:23-29.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Mir N.A., Rafiq A., Kumar F., Singh V., Shukla V. (2017). Determinants of broiler chicken meat quality and factors affecting them: a review. J. Food Sci. Technol., 54(10):2997-3009.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Mugler D.J. and Cunningham F.E. (1972). Factors affecting poultry meat color - A review. Worlds Poult. Sci. J., 28(4): 400-406.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Nawaz A.H., Zheng J.H., Zhang W.L., Wang F.J., Jiao Z.H., Amoah K., Zhang L. (2022). Breast muscle myopathies in broiler: mechanism, status and their impact on meat quality – a review. Ann. Anim. Sci., 22(2): 551-560.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ndazigaruye G., Kim D., Kang C., Kang K., Joo Y., Lee S. and Lee K. (2019). Effects of low-protein diets and exogenous protease on growth performance, carcass traits, ıntestinal morphology, cecal volatile fatty acids and serum parameters in broilers. Animals, 9:226.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Nielsen B.L., Melissa Litherland M., Nøddegaard F. (2003). Effects of qualitative and quantitative feed restriction on the activity of broiler chickens. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 83:309-323.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Omosebi D.J., Adeyemi O.A., Sogunle M.O., Idowu O.M.O. and Njoku C.P. (2014). Effects of duration and level of feed restriction on performance and meat quality of broiler chickens. Arc. Zootec., 63 (244): 611-621.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Oral Toplu H.D., Ünübol Aypak S., Nazlıgül A., Kaya M. (2021). Effects of feed restriction on the occurrence of white striping and wooden breast myopathies, performance, carcass characteristics and some blood parameters in broiler chickens. Turkish J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 45(4):632-641.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Papah M.B., Brannick E.M., Schmidt C.J., Abasht B. (2018). Gene expression profiling of the early pathogenesis of wooden breast disease in commercial broiler chickens using RNA-sequencing. PLoS ONE, 13(12): e0207346.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Pedersen I.J., Tahamtani F.M., Forkman B., Young J.F., Poulsen H.D. and Riber A.B. (2020). Effects of environmental enrichment on health and bone characteristics of fast growing broiler chickens. Poult. Sci., 99(4):1946-1955.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Pettit-Riley R., Estevez I. (2001). Effects of density on perching behavior of broiler chickens. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 71:127-140.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Petracci M., Betti M., Bianchi M. and Cavani C. (2004). Color variation and characterization of broiler breast meat during processing in Italy. Poult. Sci., 83:2086-2092.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Petracci M., Cavani C. (2012). Muscle growth and poultry meat quality issues. Nutrients, 4:1-12.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Petracci M., Mudalal S., Soglia F. and Cavani C. (2015). Meat quality in fast-growing broiler chickens. Worlds Poult. Sci. J., 71:363-374.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Plavnik I., Hurwitz S. (1990). Performance of broiler chickens and turkeys poults subjected to feed restriction or to feeding of low-protein or low-sodium diets at an early age. Poult. Sci., 69:945-952.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Poltowicz K., Nowak J., Wojtysiak D. (2015). Effect of feed restriction on performance, carcass composition and physicochemical properties of the M. Pectoralis superficialis of broiler chickens. Ann. Anim. Sci., 15(4): 1019-1029.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Rahimi S., Seidavi A., Sahraei M., Blanco F.P., Schiavone A. and Martinez Marin A.L. (2015). Effects of feed restriction and diet nutrient density during re-alimentation on growth performance, carcass traits, organ weight, blood parameters and the immune response of broilers. Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 14:583-590.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Rezaei M., Teimouri A., Pourreza J., Syyahzadeh H. and Waldroup P.W. (2006). Effect of diet dilution in the starter period on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks. J. Cent. Eur. Agric., 7: 63-70.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Rezaei M. & Hajati H. (2010). Effect of diet dilution at early age on performance, carcass characteristics and blood parameters of broiler chicks, Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 9:e19.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Robinson F.E., Classen H.L., Hanson J.A. and Onderka D.K. (1992). Growfh performance, feed efficiency and the incidence of skeletal and metabolic disease ın full-fed and feed restricted broiler and roaster chickens. J. Appl. Poult. Res., 1:33-41.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Sandilands V., Tolkamp B.J., Kyriazakis I. (2005). Behaviour of food restricted broilers during rearing and lay-effects of an alternative feeding method. Physiol. Behav., 85:115-123.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Sandilands V., Tolkamp B.J., Savory C.J., Kyriazakis I. (2006). Behaviour and welfare of broiler breeders fed qualitatively restricted diets during rearing: Are there viable alternatives to quantitative restriction? Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 96: 53-67.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Sahraei M. (2012). Feed restriction in broiler chickens production. Biotechnol. Anim. Husb., 28(2):333-352.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Spring P. (2013). The challenge of cost effective poultry and animal nutrition: Optimizing existing and applying novel concepts. Lohmann Information, 48(1):38-46.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Şimşek G.U., Dalkılıç B., Çiftçi M., Çerçi İ.H., Bahşi M. (2009). Effects of enriched housing design on broiler performance, welfare, chicken meat composition and serum cholesterol. Acta Vet. Brno., 78:67-74.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Üzüm M.H. and Oral Toplu H.D. (2013). Effects of stocking density and feed restriction on performance, carcass, meat quality characteristics and some stress parameters in broilers under heat stress. Revue Méd. Vét., 164(12):546-554.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Varol Avcilar O. and Onbasilar E.E. (2016). Effects of breeder age and early energy restriction on fattening performance, some meat quality traits and plasma leptin concentration of broilers. Ank. Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg., 63: 69-76.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ventura B.A., Siewerdt F., Estevez I. (2010). Effects of barrier perches and density on broiler leg health, fear and performance. Poult. Sci. 89:1574-1583.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Weeks CA, Danbury TD, Davies HC, Hunt P and Kestin SC. (2000). The behaviour of broiler chickens and its modification by lameness. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 67:111-125.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Yang Y.X., Guo J., Yoon S.Y., Jin Z., Choi J.Y., Piao X.S., Kim B.W., Ohh S.J., Wang M.H. & Chae B.J. (2009). Early energy and protein reduction: effects on growth, blood profiles and expression of genes related to protein and fat metabolism in broilers. Br. Poult. Sci., 50(2): 218-227.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Yang H., Yang Z., Wang Z., Wang W., Huang K., Fan W. and Jia T. (2015). Effects of early dietary energy and protein dilution on growth performance, nutrient utilization and internal organs of broilers. Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 14:163-171.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Yang T., Liu R., Yang L.,Yang W., Li K., Qin M., Ge O., Yu H., Wua M. and Zhou X. (2022). Improvement strategies for quality defects and oxidation of pale, soft and exudative (PSE)-like chicken meat: effects of domestic cooking and core temperature. RSC Adv., 12: 7485-7496.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Yildirim M., Taskin A. (2017). The effects of environmental enrichment on some physiological and behavioral parameters of broiler chicks. Braz. J. of Poult. Sci., 19(2):355-362.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Yuan C., Jiang Y., Wang Z., Chen G., Bai H., Chang G. (2022). Indigenous, yellow-feathered chickens body measurements, carcass traits, and meat quality depending on marketable age. Animals, 12: 2422.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Xu C., Yang H., Wang Z., Wan Y., Hou B., Ling C. (2017). The effects of early feed restriction on growth performance, internal organs and blood biochemical indicators of broilers. Animal and Veterinary Sciences., 5(6):121-125.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Zhan X.A., Wang M., Ren H., Zhao R.Q., Li X. and Tan Z.L. (2007). Effect of early feed restriction on metabolic programming and compensatory growth in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci., 86:654-660.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Zhao J.P., Jiao H.C., Jiang Y.B., Song Z.G., Wang X.J., Lin H. (2012). Cool perch availability improves the performance and welfare status of broiler chickens in hot weather. Poult. Sci.,91:1775-1784.
]Search in Google Scholar
