[
Allen J. D., Hall L. W., Collier R. J., Smith J. F. (2015). Effect of core body temperature, time of day, and climate conditions on behavioral patterns of lactating dairy cows experiencing mild to moderate heat stress. J. Dairy Sci., 98: 118–127.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Angrecka S., Herbut P. (2017). Eligibility of lying boxes at different THI levels in a freestall barn. Ann. Anim. Sci., 17: 257–269.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Angrecka S., Herbut P., Nawalany G., Sokołowski P. (2017). The impact of localization and barn type on insolation of sidewall stalls during summer. J. Ecol. Eng., 18: 60–66.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Arnott G., Ferris C., O’Connell N. (2017). Review: Welfare of dairy cows in continuously housed and pasture-based production systems. Animal, 11: 261–273.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bailey T., Sheets J., Mc Clary D., Smith S., Bridges A. (2016). Heat Abatement. Elanco.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Baumgard L. H., Rhoads R. P. (2012). Ruminant production and metabolic responses to heat stress. J. Anim. Sci., 90: 1855–1865.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Benaissa S., Tuyttens F. A. M., Plets D., Cattrysse H., Martens L., Vandaele L., Jo-seph W., Sonck B. (2019). Classification of ingestive-related cow behaviours using RumiWatch halter and neck-mounted accelerometers. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 211: 9–16.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Berman A. (2019). An overview of heat stress relief with global warming in perspective. Int. J. Biometeorol., 63: 493–498.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bernabucci U., Biffani S., Buggiotti L., Vitali A., Lacetera N., Nardone A. (2014). The effects of heat stress in Italian Holstein dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 97: 471–486.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bishop J. C., Falzon G., Trotter M., Kwan P., Meek P. D. (2019). Livestock vocalisation classification in farm soundscapes. Comput. Electron. Agric., 162: 531–542.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Borshch A. A., Ruban S., Borshch A. V., Babenko O. (2019). Effect of three bedding materials on the microclimate conditions, cows behavior and milk yield. Pol. J. Natur. Sci., 34: 19–31.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Broucek J., Ryba S., Dianova M., Uhrincat M., Soch M., Sistkova M., Mala G., Novak P. (2020). Effect of evaporative cooling and altitude on dairy cows milk efficiency in lowlands. Int. J. Biometerol., 64: 433–444.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Buffington D. E., Collazo-Arocho A., Canton G. H., Pitt D., Thatcher W. W., Col-lier R. J. (1981). Black globe-humidity index (BGHI) as comfort equation for dairy cows. Trans ASAE., 24: 711–714.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Calegari F., Calamari L., Frazzi E. (2012). Misting and fan cooling of the rest area in a dairy barn. Int. J. Biometeorol., 56: 287–295.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Camiloti T. V., Fregonesi J. A., von Keyserlingk M. A. G., Weary D. M. (2012). Short communication: Effects of bedding quality on the lying behavior of dairy calves. J. Dairy Sci., 95: 3380–3383.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Cardot V., Le Roux Y., Jurjanz S. (2008). Drinking behavior of lactating dairy cows and prediction of their water intake. J. Dairy Sci., 91: 2257–2264.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Charlton G. L., Rutter M. S. (2017). The behaviour of housed dairy cattle with and without pasture access: A review. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 192: 2–9.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Charlton G. L., Rutter M. S., East M., Sinclair L. A. (2011). Effects of providing total mixed rations indoors and on pasture on the behavior of lactating dairy cattle and their preference to be indoors or on pasture. J. Dairy Sci., 94: 3875–3884.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Chase L. E. (2011). Stress in dairy animals – cold stress: Effects on nutritional requirements, health and performance. Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences, Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, pp. 550–554.10.1016/B978-0-12-374407-4.00465-9
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Chen J. M., Schutz K. E., Tucker C. B. (2016). Cooling cows efficiently with water spray: Behavioral, physiological, and production responses to sprinklers at the feed bunk. J. Dairy Sci., 99: 4607–4618.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Coimbra P. A. D., Machado Filho L. C. P., Hötzel M. J. (2012). Effects of social dominance, water trough location and shade availability on drinking behaviour of cows on pasture. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 139: 175–182.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Cook N. B., Mentink R. L., Bennett T. B., Burgi K. (2007). The effect of heat stress and lameness on time budgets of lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 90: 1674–1682.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Cordeiro A. F. D. S., Nääs I. D. A., da Silva Leitão F., de Almeida A. C., de Moura D. J. (2018). Use of vocalisation to identify sex, age, and distress in pig production. Biosys. Eng., 173: 57–63.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Dahl G. E., Tao S., Laporta J. (2017). Late gestation heat stress of dairy cattle programs dam and daughter milk production. J. Anim. Sci., 95: 5701–5710.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Da Silva R. G., Guilhermino M. M., Morais D. A. E. F. (2010). Thermal radiation absorbed by dairy cows in pasture. Int. J. Biometeorol., 54: 5–11.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Deniz M., Schmitt Filho A. L., Farley J., de Quadros S. F., Hötzel M. J. (2019). High biodiversity silvopastoral system as an alternative to improve the thermal environment in the dairy farms. Int. J. Biometeorol., 63: 83–92.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
De Palo P., Tateo A., Zezza F., Corrente M., Centoducati P. (2006). Influence of free-stall flooring on comfort and hygiene of dairy cows during warm climatic conditions. J. Dairy Sci., 89: 4583–4595.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Domingos H. G. T., Maia A. S. C., Souza Jr. J. B. F., Silva R. B., Vieira F. M. C., Silva R. G. (2013). Effect of shade and water sprinkling on physiological responses and milk yields of Holstein cows in a semi-arid region. Livest. Sci., 154: 169–174.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Du X., Carpentier L., Teng G., Liu M., Wang C., Norton T. (2020). Assessment of laying hens’ thermal comfort using sound technology. Sensors, 20: 473.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Eslamizad M., Lamp O., Derno M., Kuhla B. (2015). The control of short-term feed intake by metabolic oxidation in late-pregnant and early lactating dairy cows exposed to high ambient temperatures. Physiol. Behav., 145: 64–70.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Fabris T. F., Laporta J., Skibiel A. L., Corra F. N., Senn B. D., Wohlgemuth S. E., Dahl G. E. (2019). Effect of heat stress during early, late, and entire dry period on dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 102: 5647–5656.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Falk A. C., Weary D. M., Winckler C., von Keyserlingk M. A. G. (2012). Preference for pasture versus freestall housing by dairy cattle when stall availability indoors is reduced. J. Dairy Sci., 95: 6409–6415.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ferrari S., Costa A., Guarino M. (2013). Heat stress assessment by swine related vocalizations. Livest. Sci., 151: 29–34.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Fischer A. D., Roberts N., Bluett S. J., Verkerk G. A., Matthews L. R. (2008). Effects of shade provision on the behaviour, body temperature and milk production of grazing dairy cows during a New Zealand summer. N Z J. Agricult. Res., 51: 99–105.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Fournel S., Ouellet V., Charbonneau É. (2017). Practices for alleviating heat stress of dairy cows in humid continental climates: a literature review. Animals, 7: 37.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Fregonesi J. A., Veira D. M., von Keyserlingk M. A. G., Weary D. M. (2007). Effects of bedding quality on lying behavior of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 90: 5468–5472.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Galan E., Llonch P., Villagra A., Levit H., Pinto S., del Prado A. (2018). A systematic review of non-productivity-related animal-based indicators of heat stress resilience in dairy cattle. PLoS One, 13 (11).10.1371/journal.pone.0206520621169930383843
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Gaworski M., Rocha A. G. F. (2016). Effect of management practices on time spent by cows in waiting area before milking. In: Engineering for Rural Development, Malinovska L., Osadcuks V. (eds). Latvia Univ. Agriculture, pp. 1300–1304.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Gomez A., Cook N. B. (2010). Time budgets of lactating dairy cattle in commercial freestall herds. J. Dairy Sci., 93: 5772–5781.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Green A. C., Johnston I. N., Clark C. E. F. (2018). Invited review: The evolution of cattle bio-acoustics and application for advanced dairy systems. Animal, 12: 1250–1259.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hanušovský O., Bíro D., Šimko M., Gálik B., Juráček M., Rolinec M., Herkeľ R. (2017). Drinking regime evaluation with continuous ruminal monitoring boluses. Actafytotechn. Zootechn., 20: 1–5.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Heinicke J., Hoffmann G., Ammon C., Amon B., Amon T. (2018). Effects of the daily heat load duration exceeding determined heat load thresholds on activity traits of lactating dairy cows. J. Therm. Biol., 77: 67–74.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hempel S., Menz C., Pinto S., Galan E., Janke D., Estellés F., Müschner-Siemens T., Wang X., Heinicke J., Zhang G., Amon B., del Prado A., Amon T. (2019). Heat stress risk in European dairy cattle husbandry under different climate change scenarios – uncertainties and potential impacts. Earth Syst. Dynam. Discuss., 10: 859–884.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Herbut P., Angrecka S. (2018). The effect of heat stress on time spent lying by cows in a housing system. Ann. Anim. Sci., 18: 825–833.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Herbut P., Angrecka S., Nawalany G. (2013). Influence of wind on air movement in a free stall barn during the summer period. Ann. Anim. Sci., 13: 109–119.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hill D. L., Wall E. (2017). Weather influences feed intake and feed efficiency in a temperate climate. J. Dairy Sci., 100: 2240–2257.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Johnson J. S. (2018). Heat stress: Impact on livestock well-being and productivity and mitigation strategies to alleviate the negative effects. Anim. Prod. Sci., 58:1404–1413.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kadzere C. T., Murphy M. R., Silanikove N., Maltz E. (2002). Heat stress in lactating dairy cows: a review. Livest. Prod. Sci., 77: 59–91.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kamal R., Dutt T., Patel M., Dey A., Chandran P. C., Bharti P. K., Barari S. K. (2016). Behavioural, biochemical and hormonal responses of heat-stressed crossbred calves to different shade materials. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 44: 347–354.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kamal R., Dutt T., Patel M., Dey A., Bharti P. K., Chandran P. C. (2018). Heat stress and effect of shade materials on hormonal and behaviour response of dairy cattle: a review. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 50: 701–706.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Karimi M. T., Ghorbani G. R., Kargar S., Drackley J. K. (2015). Late-gestation heat stress abatement on performance and behavior of Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 98: 6865–6875.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Karki U., Goodman M. S. (2010). Cattle distribution and behavior in southern-pine silvopasture versus open-pasture. Agroforestry Systems, 78: 159–168.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Legrand A. L., von Keyserlingk M. A. G., Weary D. M. (2009). Preference and usage of pasture versus free-stall housing by lactating dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 92: 3651–3658.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Liu L., Ni J. Q., Li Y., Erasmus M., Stevenson R., Shen M. (2018). Assessment of heat stress in turkeys using animal vocalization analysis. In: 2018 ASABE Annual International Meeting (p. 1). American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Liu S. H., Yue T. T., Ahmad M. J., Hu X. W., Zhang X. X., Deng T. X., Hu Y., He Ch., Zhou Y., Yang L. (2020). Transcriptome analysis reveals potential regulatory genes related to heat tolerance in Holstein dairy cattle. Genes, 11: 68.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Mader T. L., Johnson L. J., Gaughan J. B. (2010). A comprehensive index for assessing environmental stress in animals. J. Anim. Sci., 88: 2153–2165.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Manzoor A., Maqbool I., Ganaie Z. A., Afzal I., Khan H. M., Zaffe B. (2019). Mitigating winter vagaries in dairy animals: A review. Int. J. Vet. Sci. Anim. Husbandry, 4: 01–05.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Marino L., Allen K. (2017). The psychology of cows. Anim. Behav. Cogn., 4: 474–498.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Meen G. H., Schellekens M. A., Slegers M. H. M., Leenders N. L. G., Van Erp-Vander Kooij E., Noldus L. P. (2015). Sound analysis in dairy cattle vocalisation as a potential welfare monitor. Comp. Electr. Agric., 118: 111–115.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Meng J., Shi F. H., Meng Q. X., Ren L. P., Zhou Z. M., Wu H., Zhao L. P. (2015). Effects of bedding material composition in deep litter systems on bedding characteristics and growth performance of Limousin calves. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 28: 143–150.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Min L., Li D., Tong X., Nan X., Ding D., Xu B., Wang G. (2019). Nutritional strategies for alleviating the detrimental effects of heat stress in dairy cows: a review. Int. J. Biomet., 63: 1283–1302.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Munksgaard L., Jensen M. B., Pedersen L. J., Hansen S. W., Matthews L. (2005). Quantifying behavioural priorities – Effects of time constraints on behavior of dairy cows, Bos taurus. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 92: 3–14.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
National Research Council (1971). A guide to environmental research on animals. National Academy of Science, Washington.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
National Research Council (2001). Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 7th rev ed, Washington DC, National Academy Press, pp. 178–183.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Navarro G., Green L. E., Tadich N. (2013). Effect of lameness and lesion specific causes of lameness on time budgets of dairy cows at pasture and when housed. Vet. J., 197: 788–793.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Norring M., Manninen E., de Passille A. M., Rushen J., Munksgaard L., Saloni-emi H. (2008). Effects of sand and straw bedding on the lying behavior, cleanliness, and hoof and hock injuries of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 91: 570–576.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Oliveira S. E., Costa C. C., de Souza J. B. Jr., de Queiroz J. P., Maia A. S., Costa L. L. (2014). Short-wave solar radiation level willingly tolerated by lactating Holstein cows in an equatorial semi-arid environment. Trop. Anim. Health. Prod., 46: 1413–1417.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ortiz X. A., Smith J. F., Rojano F., Choi C. Y., Bruer J., Steele T., Schuring N., Al-len J., Collier R. J. (2015). Evaluation of conductive cooling of lactating dairy cows under controlled environmental conditions. J. Dairy Sci., 98: 1759–1771.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Pereyra A. V. G., May V. M., Catracchia C. G., Herrero M. A., Flores M. C., Mazzini M. (2010). Influence of water temperature and heat stress on drinking water intake in dairy cows. Chil. J. Agric. Res., 70: 328–336.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Pilatti J. A., Vieira F. M. C. (2017). Environment, behavior and welfare aspects of dairy cows reared in compost bedded pack barns system J. Anim. Behav. Biometeorol., 5: 97–105.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Pilatti J. A., Vieira F. M. C., Rankrape F., Vismara E. S. (2019). Diurnal behaviors and herd characteristics of dairy cows housed in a compost-bedded pack barn system under hot and humid conditions. Animal, 13: 399–406.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Pinto S., Hoffmann G., Ammon Ch., Amon B., Heuwieser W., Halachmi I., Ban-hazi T., Amon T. (2019). Influence of barn climate, body postures and milk yield on the respiration rate of dairy cows. Ann. Anim. Sci., 2: 469–481.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Polsky L., von Keyserlingk M. A. G. (2017). Invited review: effects of heat stress on dairy cattle welfare. J. Dairy. Sci., 100: 8645–8657.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ratnakaran A., Sejian V., Joshe V. S., Shalini V., Madiajagan B., Krishnan G., Beena V., Indira P. D., Varma G., Bhatta R. (2017). Behavioral responses to livestock adaptation to heat stress challenges. Asian J. Anim. Sci., 11: 1–13.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Rhoads R. P., Baumgard L., Saugee J. K. (2013). Metabolic priorities during heat stress with an emphasis on skeletal muscle. J. Anim. Sci., 91: 2492–2503.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Röttgen V., Schön P. C., Becker F., Tuchscherer A., Wrenzycki C., Düpjan S., Puppe B. (2020). Automatic recording of individual oestrus vocalisation in group-housed dairy cattle: development of a cattle call monitor. Animal, 14: 198–205.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Saizi T., Mpayipheli M., Idowu P. A. (2019). Heat tolerance level in dairy herds: a review on coping strategies to heat stress and ways of measuring heat tolerance. J. Anim. Behav. Biometeorol., 7: 39–51.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Schauberger G., Hennig-Pauka I., Zollitsch W., Hörtenhuber S. J., Baumgart-ner J., Niebuhr K., Piringer M., Knauder W., Anders I., Andre K., Schön-hart M. (2020). Efficacy of adaptation measures to alleviate heat stress in confined livestock buildings in temperate climate zones. Biosyst. Eng., 200: 157–175.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Schutz K. E., Rogers A. R., Poulouin Y. A., Cox N. R., Tucker C. B. (2010). The amount of shade influences the behavior and physiology of dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 93: 125–133.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Shan Q., Ma F. T., Jin Y. H, Gao D., Li H. Y., Sun P. (2020). Chromium yeast alleviates heat stress by improving antioxidant and immune function in Holstein mid-lactation dairy cows. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 269, doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114635.10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114635
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Silva D. C., Passini R. (2018). Assessing different holding pen cooling systems through environmental variables and productivity of lactating cows. Acta Sci. Anim. Sci., 40, e36087.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Smid A. M. C., Burgers E. E. A., Weary D. M., Bokkers E. A. M., von Keyserlingk M. A. G. (2019). Dairy cow preference for access to an outdoor pack in summer and winter. J. Dairy Sci., 102: 1–8.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Smid A. M. C., Weary D. M., von Keyserlingk M. A. G. (2020). The influence of different types of outdoor access on dairy cattle behavior. Front. Vet. Sci., 7: 257.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Srikanth K., Kwon A., Lee E., Chung H. (2017). Characterization of genes and pathways that respond to heat stress in Holstein calves through transcriptome analysis. Cell Stress Chaperon., 22: 29–42.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ternman E., Hanninen L., Pastell M., Per S. A., Nielsen P. (2012). Sleep in dairy cows recorded with a non-invasive EEG technique. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 140: 25–32.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Theusme C., Avendaño-Reyes L., Macías-Cruz U., Correa-Calderón A., Gar-cía-Cueto R. O., Mellado M., Vargas-Villamil L., Vicente-Pérez A. (2021). Climate change vulnerability of confined livestock systems predicted using bioclimatic indexes in an arid region of México. Sci. Total Environ., 751, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141779.10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.14177932890800
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Tucker C. B., Rogers A. R., Schutz K. E. (2008). Effect of solar radiation on dairy cattle behaviour, use of shade and body temperature in a pasture-based system. App. Anim. Behav. Sci., 109: 141–154.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Tucker C. B., Lacy-Hulbert S. J., Webster J. R. (2009). Effect of milking frequency and feeding level before and after dry off on dairy cattle behavior and udder characteristics. J. Dairy Sci., 92: 3194–3203.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Van Iaer E., Moon C., Sonck B., Tuyttens F. (2014). Importance of outdoor shelter for cattle in temperate climates. Livest. Sci., 159: 87–101.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Vasconcelos A.A., de Albuquerque C.C., de Carvalho J.F., Façanha D.A.E., Lima F.R.G., Silveira R. M. F., Ferreira J. (2020 a). Adaptive profile of dairy cows in a tropical region. Int. J. Biometerol., 64: 105–113.10.1007/s00484-019-01797-931485808
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Vasconcelos A.M., Carvalho J.F., Albuquerque C.C., Façanha D.A.E., Vega W.H.O., Silveira R. M. F., Ferreira J. (2020 b). Development of an animal adaptability index: Application for dairy cows. J. Therm. Biol., 89: 1–7.10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.10254332364985
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Vasseur E., Rushen J., Haley D. B., de Passillé A. M. (2012). Sampling cows to assess lying time for on-farm animal welfare assessment. J. Dairy Sci., 95: 4968–4977.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Vieira F. M. C., Deniz M., Vismara E. S., Herbut P., Pilatti J. A., Sponchiado M. Z., de Oliveira Puretz B. (2020). Thermoregulatory and behaviour responses of dairy heifers raised on a silvopastoral system in a subtropical climate. Ann. Anim. Sci., 20: 613–627.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Vizzotto E. F., Fischer V., Thaler Neto A., Abreu A. S., Stumpf M. T., Werncke D., Schmidt F. A., Wang D. M., Wang C., Liu H. Y., Liu J. X., Ferguson J. D. (2013). Effects of rumen-protected γ-aminobutyric acid on feed intake, lactation performance, and antioxidative status in early lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 96: 3222–3227.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
West J. W. (2003). Effects of heat-stress on production in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 86: 2131–2144.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
West J. W., Mullinix B. G., Bernard J. K. (2003). Effects of hot, humid weather on milk temperature, dry matter intake and milk yield of lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 86: 232–242.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Wu W., Zhai J., Zhang G., Nielsen P. V. (2012). Evaluation of methods for determining air exchange rate in a naturally ventilated dairy cattle building with large openings using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Atmos. Environ., 63: 179–188.
]Search in Google Scholar
