The influence of X fuzzy mathematical method on basketball tactics scoring

According to the purpose and task of the research, in the form of interviews, we visited Shandong Normal University, Ludong University, our school, Yantai University and other well-known experts, professors, coaches and scholars to assess the basketball tactics scoring and evaluation system at various levels. We will conduct interviews on issues such as screening and determination and solicit relevant opinions and suggestions and strive to obtain a comprehensive and objective understanding, which provides a basis for in-depth analysis of the paper [2].

Expert definition: associate professor and above, specialising in competitive sports and teaching workers and related department staff and above.

The design of the questionnaire is based on the basic requirements for the formulation of the questionnaire. There are 23 questions in total. The questionnaire is distributed on the spot and collected on the spot to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the survey content to the greatest extent. The returned questionnaires are tested and eliminated. As shown in Table 1, the recovery rate and effective rate of the questionnaires are 100%, which meets the requirements of this research.

In order to ensure the validity of the questionnaire, we specially designed an expert validity test questionnaire evaluation form, consulted relevant experts who have conducted in-depth research on this subject and comprehensively reviewed and assessed the questionnaire. After logical analysis, the questionnaire was ‘very suitable’, ‘appropriate’ and ‘basically suitable’. There were five levels of qualitative evaluation of ‘inappropriate’ and ‘very inappropriate’. After consulting experts, the questionnaire was revised, and then, a 12-person questionnaire survey was conducted. It can be seen that the questionnaire has a high degree of validity (see Appendix 2) through the recovered expert validity test questionnaire evaluation form. The composition of experts and evaluation results are as follows in Tables 2–5:

The ‘expert method’ was used for reliability testing. For the first time, 12 experts were selected to fill in the questionnaire. After 15 days, the second round of questionnaires was issued to the same population, which was filled out by the original survey respondents, and the correlation coefficients were calculated as items by each person. The overall correlation coefficient R = 0.861 (P < 0.01), the reliability of the questionnaire meets statistical requirements and the reliability of the questionnaire is high.

Use the AHP to reasonably establish the comparison judgement matrix of each indicator in the evaluation indicator system, calculate the weight of each indicator and then pass the consistency test to calculate the weight of the relative importance of all indicators at the same level to the overall indicator and arrange the order to achieve the purpose of quantitative description.

The research results were applied to the candidates of our school’s high-level basketball team to participate in the 2010 CUBA Shandong competition area, and the selection and evaluation were carried out, and the degree of consistency between the research results and the actual situation was observed, which further proved that the AHP is used in the scoring of basketball tactics. The scientific, objectivity and practicality of.

This article refers to the first edition of the ‘Advanced Basketball Course’ published by the People’s Sports Publishing House issued by the National Sports School Textbook Committee in October 2000. At the same time, based on expert interviews, the main technical indicators of basketball technology are summarised into two major categories. With regard to the nine factors, in order to enable the evaluation criteria and the corresponding index system to faithfully reflect these characteristics and at the same time to correspond to the AHP theory, we have established a hierarchical structure as shown in Figure 1, where C layer factors can be transformed into specific indicators [3].

Fig. 1

Passing and receiving C1: Passing is a purposeful method of transferring the ball between offensive players in a basketball game. It is the link between offensive players on the court and the organisation of offense. It is a specific means to achieve tactical coordination. The quality of the passing technique directly affects the quality of the tactics and the outcome of the game. Accurate and clever passing can not only disrupt the opponent’s deployment but also create more and better shooting opportunities. Receiving the ball is one of the main techniques in basketball. It is the action of getting the ball and is the basis for rebounding and stealing the ball. In a fierce competition, whether the correct action can be used to receive the ball firmly has a very important role in reducing pass errors, making up for insufficient passes and intercepting the opponent’s pass.

Shooting C2: Shooting is a specialised action for players to throw the ball into the hoop. The main offensive technique of basketballs is the only means of scoring in a basketball game. It is the ultimate goal of all offensive techniques and tactics and the focus of all offensive and defensive contradictions [4].

Dribbling C3: Dribbling is a type of action method in which a team member is in place or on the move, using one hand to continuously tap the ball bounced from the ground. It is an important technique for personal offense in basketball games. It is an offensive method for individuals to not only get rid of, attract and break through defines but also is an important bridge for launching and organising tactical coordination.

Offensive rebounds C4: Offensive rebounds are the main means to obtain the second offense. Actively grabbing offensive rebounds is an important offensive action and an important method to continue to control the ball. It not only increases the number of offenses and make-up opportunities for the team but also boosts morale and confidence. It has a certain ‘lethal’ to the defensive team and has very important tactical significance.

Breaking with the ball C5: Breaking with the ball refers to a highly offensive technique in which team players use footwork and dribbling skills to quickly surpass their opponents. The ball-holding breakthrough action is mainly composed of several links, such as stepping across, shouldering sideways, pushing and releasing the ball and accelerating. It is an offensive means of offense and a prelude to scoring [5].

Steal the ball C6: Steal the ball from the hands of the offensive player. When using it, you should seize the opportunity of the team player to be distracted, turn around, catch the ball from the air and stop the dribble. Hold the ball accurately and quickly and use sudden force. Stealing is a method of capturing the pass while the ball is flying. Whether it is intercepting the ball from the side or back of the opponent receiving the ball or blocking the pass of the passing team member, there must be an active movement step to coordinate, accurately determine the moment when the opponent takes the pass and keep the body after intercepting the ball. Balance, moving quickly to the next action, turn defines into offense.

Defensive rebound C7: Defensive rebound is an important part of defines and an important way to regain possession of the ball. It is the starting point from defensive to offensive. If you can successfully control the defensive rebound every time you miss a shot, then you must be able to better control the entire game. Regardless of which method or action is used to grab a defensive rebound, the body is required to stretch and the direction of the air to be as close as possible to the point of the ball. At the same time, pay attention to maintaining body balance in the fierce confrontation.

Defensive opponent C8: Defensive opponents have both personal defines and team defines. Personal defines requires athletes to be brave, witty, decisive and have the momentum to overwhelm the opponent on the court and use a combination of defines and offensive actions to control them, that is, the opponent’s offense. Therefore, higher requirements are put forward for athletes in terms of mind, body and technique. The quality of individual defensive skills reflects the player’s defensive ability, and personal defensive ability is the basis of the team’s defines. Only by successfully completing the task of one defines can we better cooperate with the defines and complete the overall defines of the team [6].

Playing C9: Playing is knocking out the ball in the hands of the offensive player. According to the height and trend of the part holding the ball, the direction and speed of the rebound in the dribble, the process of shooting and lifting the ball to the front of the shot, etc., quickly slap the ball with the power of the fingers and wrist from the bottom to the top, from the top to the bottom or from the side. To master the timing, move quickly and shortly [7].

Establish a comprehensive evaluation model: (1) y=∑i=1nWixi y = \sum\limits_{i = 1}^n {W_i}{x_i}

Choose any two forms, compare their contribution to y and assign the importance degree according to the following 9-level scale. Establish an n-order matrix: the importance ratio scale relative to the criterion of the previous layer. In the formula, n is the number of sub-goals of the tested level. Then, the judgement matrix A has the following properties: (2) aij>0,aji=1/aij,aii=1 {a_{ij}} > 0,\quad {a_{ji}} = 1/{a_{ij}},\quad {a_{ii}} = 1

For example, suppose the lower element associated with the upper element A is the first N element, first determine the relative importance of the element relative to the element. If is considered to be equally important than, then; if is considered slightly more important than Important; if is considered to be significantly more important than, then; if is considered to be more important than; if is considered to be extremely important than,; can also be selected as 2, 4, 6 and 8 is equivalent and corresponds to or other more appropriate values. Figure 2 shows the schematic diagram of the AHP [8].

Fig. 2

Integrating 12 experts according to Professor Saaty’s 1–9 scale method to compare the scores of the items in each layer one by one, the index importance judgement matrix as shown in Table 6 is obtained:

The consistency check formula of the matrix is given as follows: (3) CR=CI/RI CR = CI/RI

λ_max is the largest characteristic root. The value of and can be calculated by software MATLAB7.7. The value of RI varies with the matrix order n as shown in Table 7.

The consistency test of matrix A is CR = CIRI = 0.01930.52 = 0.037 < 0.10. There is no logical error in the judgement of the weight of each sub-objective at this level. For calculation of the weight coefficient, the steps for calculating with the sum method are as follows:

First sum up each column of the judgement matrix to get ∑i=1nbij,bij=aij/∑i=1naij \sum\limits_{i = 1}^n {b_{ij}},{b_{ij}} = {a_{ij}}/\sum\limits_{i = 1}^n {a_{ij}} and calculate (4) Wi=∑j=1nbij/n {W_i} = \sum\limits_{j = 1}^n {b_{ij}}/n

The weights are calculated from matrix A and normalised, and the results are shown in Table 8.