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Study on the Enhancement of Personalized Borrowing Experience of Smart Library Users Based on Reinforcement Learning Framework

Haiying Sun

Haiying Sun

Jiamusi University Library, Jiamusi University, JiamusiChina
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Sun, Haiying
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Mingzhi Fan

Mingzhi Fan

Jiamusi University Library, Jiamusi University, JiamusiChina
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Sciendo|Google Scholar
Fan, Mingzhi
  
Sep 26, 2025
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Published Online: Sep 26, 2025
Received: Feb 03, 2025
Accepted: May 10, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amns-2025-1045
Keywords
© 2025 Haiying Sun and Mingzhi Fan, published by Sciendo.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

DJT-RS model structure
DJT-RS model structure

Figure 2.

System business flowchart
System business flowchart

Figure 3.

Experimental effects of the join training mechanism
Experimental effects of the join training mechanism

Figure 4.

Comparison of parameter optimization methods
Comparison of parameter optimization methods

Figure 5.

The whole book borrowing situation
The whole book borrowing situation

Figure 6.

The books borrowing situation of each grades
The books borrowing situation of each grades

Figure 7.

Books borrowing situation in a typical day
Books borrowing situation in a typical day

Figure 8.

The school library’s books borrowing situation in June
The school library’s books borrowing situation in June

Results of comparative experiments on time spent

Model Time(s)
MovieLens RL4RS
D-RS 95 308
DJT-RS 125 549

Results of comparative experiments on MovieLens dataset

Method Precision@5 NDCG@5 Precision@10 NDCG@10
POP 0.0919 0.0532 0.1075 0.0600
BPR 0.1507 0.0793 0.1428 0.0645
FISM 0.1700 0.1036 0.1803 0.0945
DQN 0.2328 0.1083 0.2285 0.1199
RaCT 0.2876 0.1143 0.3165 0.1483
NGCF 0.3231 0.1490 0.3861 0.1902
LightGCF 0.3040 0.1333 0.3604 0.1675
DGCF 0.3302 0.1603 0.3849 0.1925
RecVAE 0.3479 0.1832* 0.4113 0.2218
Ours 0.3548* 0.1739 0.4224* 0.2321*

The books borrowing situation of each schools

B C D F G H I J K O T
Info. 0.78 0.40 0.17 0.67 0.32 1.28 4.01 0.39 0.69 0.59 9.95
Art 0.78 0.43 0.08 0.40 0.15 0.43 2.97 11.44 0.72 0.03 1.62
Hum. 1.54 0.72 0.23 1.21 2.14 2.01 16.32 1.65 2.22 0.06 1.29
Fore. 1.00 0.36 0.18 0.98 0.46 10.38 6.78 0.44 1.15 0.03 0.25
Law 1.47 0.53 6.85 0.85 0.40 1.43 5.35 0.45 1.00 0.06 0.26
Math 1.62 1.41 0.41 2.30 0.53 2.05 7.44 0.54 0.87 1.74 0.97
BA 1.62 1.14 0.31 4.50 0.56 1.84 6.95 0.59 1.43 0.35 0.73
Tour. 1.72 1.00 0.24 3.22 0.80 1.76 7.29 0.51 1.66 0.12 0.49
CS. 1.43 0.69 0.34 4.27 0.43 3.29 6.87 0.55 1.47 0.36 0.65
Fin. 1.22 0.54 0.35 5.08 0.39 1.67 6.19 0.47 1.02 0.34 0.59
Bio. 1.28 0.93 0.14 0.71 0.33 1.90 7.25 0.55 1.16 0.69 1.14
Man. 1.10 0.70 0.20 2.92 0.50 1.83 8.67 0.62 1.41 0.75 2.01
FTM 1.17 0.79 0.42 3.61 0.53 1.48 7.95 0.54 1.25 0.25 0.61
Acc. 1.22 0.54 0.45 3.62 0.40 1.78 6.19 0.46 1.11 0.28 0.49
PA 1.48 0.82 1.25 1.70 0.54 1.54 7.31 0.50 1.34 0.35 0.67
EM 1.22 0.61 0.24 2.20 0.38 1.40 5.82 0.41 1.22 0.16 0.47
Language:
English
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Life Sciences, Life Sciences, other, Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, General Mathematics, Physics, Physics, other
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