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The Impact of Multifunctional Polysiloxanes on Enhancing the Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PET-G) for FDM/FFF 3D-Printing

Bogna SZTORCH

Bogna SZTORCH

Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańPoznań, Poland
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SZTORCH, Bogna
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Julia GŁOWACKA

Julia GŁOWACKA

  • Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańPoznań, Poland
  • Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańPoznań, Poland
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GŁOWACKA, Julia
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Miłosz FRYDRYCH

Miłosz FRYDRYCH

Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańPoznań, Poland
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FRYDRYCH, Miłosz
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Daria PAKUŁA

Daria PAKUŁA

Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańPoznań, Poland
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PAKUŁA, Daria
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Eliza ROMAŃCZUK-RUSZUK

Eliza ROMAŃCZUK-RUSZUK

Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of TechnologyBialystok, Poland
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ROMAŃCZUK-RUSZUK, Eliza
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Natalia KUBIAK

Natalia KUBIAK

  • Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańPoznań, Poland
  • Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańPoznań, Poland
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KUBIAK, Natalia
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Robert E. PRZEKOP

Robert E. PRZEKOP

Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańPoznań, Poland
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PRZEKOP, Robert E.
  
Jun 06, 2025
The Impact of Multifunctional Polysiloxanes on Enhancing the Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PET-G) for FDM/FFF 3D-Printing's Cover Image
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Published Online: Jun 06, 2025
Page range: 243 - 249
Received: Dec 27, 2023
Accepted: Nov 27, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ama-2025-0030
Keywords
© 2025 Bogna SZTORCH et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1.

PWS-2HEX-1AGE, Poly((hexylmethylsiloxane)-co-(3-propylglycidyl), trimethylsilyl terminated
PWS-2HEX-1AGE, Poly((hexylmethylsiloxane)-co-(3-propylglycidyl), trimethylsilyl terminated

Fig. 2.

PWS-2OKT-1AGE, Poly((methyloctylsiloxane)-co-(3-propylglycidyl), trimethylsilyl terminated
PWS-2OKT-1AGE, Poly((methyloctylsiloxane)-co-(3-propylglycidyl), trimethylsilyl terminated

Fig. 3.

PWS-2HEX-1TMOS, Poly((hexylmethylsiloxane)-co-(methyl(trimethoxyethyl)siloxane)), trimethylsilyl terminated (94% convertion)
PWS-2HEX-1TMOS, Poly((hexylmethylsiloxane)-co-(methyl(trimethoxyethyl)siloxane)), trimethylsilyl terminated (94% convertion)

Fig. 4.

PWS-2OCT-1TMOS, Poly((methyloctylsiloxane)-co-(methyl(trimethoxyethyl)siloxane)), trimethylsilyl terminated (94% conversion)
PWS-2OCT-1TMOS, Poly((methyloctylsiloxane)-co-(methyl(trimethoxyethyl)siloxane)), trimethylsilyl terminated (94% conversion)

Fig. 5.

Tensile strain (elongation at tensile strength) of PET-G and its composites as a function of polysiloxane-based modifier share
Tensile strain (elongation at tensile strength) of PET-G and its composites as a function of polysiloxane-based modifier share

Fig. 6.

Force vs elongation curves of PET-G and its composites
Force vs elongation curves of PET-G and its composites

Fig. 7.

Tensile strength of PET-G and its composites as a function of polysiloxane-based modifier share
Tensile strength of PET-G and its composites as a function of polysiloxane-based modifier share

Fig. 8.

Flexural strength of PET-G and its composites as a function of polysiloxane-based modifier share
Flexural strength of PET-G and its composites as a function of polysiloxane-based modifier share

Fig. 9.

Flexural modulus of PET-G and its composites as a function of polysiloxane-based modifier share
Flexural modulus of PET-G and its composites as a function of polysiloxane-based modifier share

Fig. 10.

Melt flow rate of PET-G and its composites as a function of polysiloxane-based modifier share
Melt flow rate of PET-G and its composites as a function of polysiloxane-based modifier share

Fig. 11.

Microscopic photos of sample fractures: 1A-2A Reference; 1B- 0.1%, 2B- 2.5% - PETG/PWS-AGE:2HEX; 1C- 0.1%, 2C- 2.5% - PETG/PWS-AGE:2OCT; 1D- 0.1%, 2D- 2.5% - PETG/PWS-TMOS:2OCT; 1E- 0.1%, 2E- 2.5% PETG/PWS-TMOS:2HEX
Microscopic photos of sample fractures: 1A-2A Reference; 1B- 0.1%, 2B- 2.5% - PETG/PWS-AGE:2HEX; 1C- 0.1%, 2C- 2.5% - PETG/PWS-AGE:2OCT; 1D- 0.1%, 2D- 2.5% - PETG/PWS-TMOS:2OCT; 1E- 0.1%, 2E- 2.5% PETG/PWS-TMOS:2HEX

Fig. 12.

DSC curves recorded for samples
DSC curves recorded for samples

Contact angle measurement results for PET-G systems containing 2_5% polysiloxane-based additive

Name of the sample Contact angle[°]
PET-G neat 70.6
PETG/PWS-TMOS:2HEX 73.4
PETG/PWS-TMOS:4OCT 80.6
PETG/PWS-AGE:2HEX 75.8
PETG/PWS-AGE:2OCT 88.2

Results of DSC analysis

Name of the sample Tg [°C]
PET-G neat 86.3
PETG/PWS-TMOS:2HEX 82.1
PETG/PWS-TMOS:2OCT 80.4
PETG/PWS-AGE:2HEX 84.3
PETG/PWS-AGE:2OCT 78.2

Polysiloxane derivatives

Core Olefin 1 Olefin 2 Molar ratio
PWS HEX TMOS 2:1
PWS OCT TMOS 4:1
PWS HEX AGE 2:1
PWS OCT AGE 2:1

3D Printing process parameters

Parameter name Parameter value
Layer height 0.18 mm
Top layer height 0.27 mm
Shells 2
Top and bottom layers number 3
Infill density 100%
Fill angle 45°
Infill pattern Rectlinear grid
Printing speed 60 mm/s
Idle speed 80 mm/s
Extruder temp. 230°C
Table temp. 75°C
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