Ergonomic challenges and culturally-adapted aesthetic strategies in Tunisian university libraries: Insights from Daciano da Costa and contemporary design frameworks in the digital era

This article delves into the complex interplay of ergonomics, interior design, and digital transformation in the context of Tunisian university libraries, highlighting the critical need for these institutions to evolve in response to changing user expectations and technological advancements. Through field observations (N=3 evaluators per site), user surveys (N=120), and focus groups (N=24 participants), it systematically examines the current challenges faced by these libraries in meeting the diverse physical and functional needs of their users, particularly in an era increasingly dominated by digital resources. Inspired by contemporary ergonomic theories and the design philosophy of Daciano da Costa, which emphasises modularity, functionality, and aesthetic balance, the study evaluates the potential application of these principles to enhance library interiors. By conducting comprehensive field observations, user surveys, and ergonomic analyses across three selected Tunisian university libraries, the research identifies significant shortcomings in design, usability, and overall user experience. The findings reveal a disconnection between the evolving demands of library users and the existing spatial configurations, ergonomic features, and technological integrations. In response, the article proposes a robust framework of strategies aimed at improving spatial layout, enhancing ergonomic comfort, and ensuring the effective integration of digital resources. These strategies are designed to maintain aesthetic and cultural relevance while promoting user engagement and satisfaction. By aligning ergonomic principles with the evolving role of libraries in the digital age, this study offers a set of actionable insights and recommendations that can facilitate the creation of more functional, adaptable, and visually engaging academic spaces. Ultimately, the research advocates a transformative approach to library design that prioritises user well-being and fosters an enriching academic environment while respecting cultural context.