This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, “The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of Regions, Stepping up Europe’s 2030 climate ambition Investing in a climate-neutral future for the benefit of our people, Brussels, on 17.9.2020, COM(2020) 562 finalCommunication from the Commission to the European ParliamentSearch in Google Scholar
Ford B., (2001). Passive downdraught evaporative cooling: Principles and practice. Architectural Research Quarterly, 5(3), 271–280. doi:10.1017/S1359135501001312FordB.2001Passive downdraught evaporative cooling: Principles and practice53271280doi:10.1017/S1359135501001312Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Flynn E., (2016). (Experimenting with) Living Architecture: A practice perspective. Architectural Research Quarterly, 20(1), 20–28. doi:10.1017/S1359135516000166FlynnE.2016(Experimenting with) Living Architecture: A practice perspective2012028doi:10.1017/S1359135516000166Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Schiano-Phan R., (2010). Environmental retrofit: Building integrated passive cooling in housing. Architectural Research Quarterly, 14(2), 139–151. doi:10.1017/S1359135510000758Schiano-PhanR.2010Environmental retrofit: Building integrated passive cooling in housing142139151doi:10.1017/S1359135510000758Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Pylsy P., Lylykangas K., Kurnitski J., (2020). Buildings’ energy efficiency measures effect on CO2 emissions in combined heating, cooling and electricity production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 134, 110299, ISSN 1364-0321, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110299.PylsyP.LylykangasK.KurnitskiJ.2020Buildings’ energy efficiency measures effect on CO2 emissions in combined heating, cooling and electricity production134110299ISSN 1364-0321, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.11029910.1016/j.rser.2020.110299Search in Google Scholar
Lin Y.-H., Lin M.-D., Tsai K.-T., Deng M.-J., Ishii H., (2021). Multi-objective optimization design of green building envelopes and air conditioning systems for energy conservation and CO2 emission reduction. Sustainable Cities and Society, 64, 102555, ISSN 2210-6707, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102555.LinY.-H.LinM.-D.TsaiK.-T.DengM.-J.IshiiH.2021Multi-objective optimization design of green building envelopes and air conditioning systems for energy conservation and CO2 emission reduction64102555ISSN 2210-6707, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.10255510.1016/j.scs.2020.102555Search in Google Scholar
Piccardo C., Dodoo A., Gustavsson L., (2020). Retrofitting a building to passive house level: A life cycle carbon balance. Energy and Buildings, 223, 110135, ISSN 0378-7788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110135.PiccardoC.DodooA.GustavssonL.2020Retrofitting a building to passive house level: A life cycle carbon balance223110135ISSN 0378-7788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.11013510.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110135Search in Google Scholar
Hajat S., Vardoulakis S., Heaviside C., Eggen B. (2014). Climate change effects on human health: projections of temperature-related mortality for the UK during the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s. J. Epidemiol. Community Health, 68(7), 641–648. CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar.HajatS.VardoulakisS.HeavisideC.EggenB.2014Climate change effects on human health: projections of temperature-related mortality for the UK during the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s687641648CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar.10.1136/jech-2013-202449Search in Google Scholar
Beizaee A., Lomas K.J., Firth S.K. (2013). National survey of summertime temperatures and overheating risk in English homes. Build. Environ., 65, 1–17 Google Scholar.BeizaeeA.LomasK.J.FirthS.K.2013National survey of summertime temperatures and overheating risk in English homes65117Google Scholar10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.03.011Search in Google Scholar
Morgan C., Foster J.A., Poston A., Sharpe T.R. (2017). Overheating in Scotland: contributing factors in occupied homes. Build. Res. Inf. (1–2), 143–156 Google Scholar.MorganC.FosterJ.A.PostonA.SharpeT.R.2017Overheating in Scotland: contributing factors in occupied homes1–2143156Google Scholar10.1080/09613218.2017.1241472Search in Google Scholar
Lomas K.J., Porritt S.M. (2017). Overheating in buildings: lessons from research. Build. Res. Inf., 45(1–2), 1–18, CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar.LomasK.J.PorrittS.M.2017Overheating in buildings: lessons from research451–2118CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar10.1080/09613218.2017.1256136Search in Google Scholar
Hajat S., Vardoulakis S., Heaviside C., Eggen B. (2014). Climate change effects on human health: projections of temperature-related mortality for the UK during the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s. J. Epidemiol. Community Health, 68(7), 641–648. CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle ScholarHajatS.VardoulakisS.HeavisideC.EggenB.2014Climate change effects on human health: projections of temperature-related mortality for the UK during the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s687641648CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar10.1136/jech-2013-202449Search in Google Scholar
Hrivnak J., (2007). Is relative sustainability relevant? Architectural Research Quarterly, 11(2), 167–176. doi:10.1017/S1359135507000644HrivnakJ.2007Is relative sustainability relevant?112167176doi:10.1017/S1359135507000644Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Voelcker A., (1999). Handbook of Sustainable Building by David Anink, Chiel Boonstra and John Mak James and James, London, 1996176 ISBN 1873936 389 (pb). Architectural Research Quarterly, 3(3), 286–286. doi:10.1017/S1359135500002128VoelckerA.1999Handbook of Sustainable Building by David Anink, Chiel Boonstra and John Mak James and James, London, 1996176 ISBN 1873936 389 (pb)33286286doi:10.1017/S1359135500002128Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Goncalves V., Ogunjimi Y., Heo Y., (2021). Scrutinizing modeling and analysis methods for evaluating overheating risks in passive houses. Energy and Buildings, 234, 110701. ISSN 0378-7788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110701.GoncalvesV.OgunjimiY.HeoY.2021Scrutinizing modeling and analysis methods for evaluating overheating risks in passive houses234110701ISSN 0378-7788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.11070110.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110701Search in Google Scholar
Gourlis G., Kovacic I., (2017). Passive measures for preventing summer overheating in industrial buildings under consideration of varying manufacturing process loads. Energy, 137, 1175–1185, ISSN 0360-5442, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.05.134.GourlisG.KovacicI.2017Passive measures for preventing summer overheating in industrial buildings under consideration of varying manufacturing process loads13711751185ISSN 0360-5442, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.05.13410.1016/j.energy.2017.05.134Search in Google Scholar
Kisilewicz T., Dudzińska A., (2015). Summer overheating of a passive sports hall building. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 15(4), 1193–1201. ISSN 1644-9665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2015.03.002.KisilewiczT.DudzińskaA.2015Summer overheating of a passive sports hall building15411931201ISSN 1644-9665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2015.03.00210.1016/j.acme.2015.03.002Search in Google Scholar
Sepúlveda A., De Luca F., Thalfeldt M., Kurnitski J., (2020). Analyzing the fulfillment of daylight and overheating requirements in residential and office buildings in Estonia. Building and Environment, 180, 107036, ISSN 0360-1323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107036.SepúlvedaA.De LucaF.ThalfeldtM.KurnitskiJ.2020Analyzing the fulfillment of daylight and overheating requirements in residential and office buildings in Estonia180107036ISSN 0360-1323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.10703610.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107036Search in Google Scholar
Ah-Young L., Miryoung Y., Eun-Hye K., Hyun-Ah K., Myoung Ju L., Hae-Kwan C., (2021). Effects of mechanical ventilation on indoor air quality and occupant health status in energy-efficient homes: A longitudinal field study. Science of The Total Environment, 785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147324.Ah-YoungL.MiryoungY.Eun-HyeK.Hyun-AhK.Myoung JuL.Hae-KwanC.2021Effects of mechanical ventilation on indoor air quality and occupant health status in energy-efficient homes: A longitudinal field study785https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.14732410.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147324Search in Google Scholar
Ben-David T., Waring M. S., (2016). Impact of natural versus mechanical ventilation on simulated indoor air quality and energy consumption in offices in fourteen U.S. cities. Building and Environment, 104, 320–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.05.007.Ben-DavidT.WaringM. S.2016Impact of natural versus mechanical ventilation on simulated indoor air quality and energy consumption in offices in fourteen U.S. cities104320336https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.05.00710.1016/j.buildenv.2016.05.007Search in Google Scholar
Baker N., (1996). The irritable occupant: Recent developments in thermal comfort theory. Architectural Research Quarterly, 2(2), 84–90. doi:10.1017/S1359135500001287BakerN.1996The irritable occupant: Recent developments in thermal comfort theory228490doi:10.1017/S1359135500001287Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Heyman J., (1999). Developments in Structural Form by Rowland Mainstone 2nd edition Architectural Press, Oxford, 1998384. Architectural Research Quarterly, 3(3), 285–286. doi:10.1017/S1359135500002116HeymanJ.1999Developments in Structural Form by Rowland Mainstone 2nd edition Architectural Press, Oxford, 199838433285286doi:10.1017/S1359135500002116Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Ramirez-Figueroa C., Beckett R., (2020). Living with buildings, living with microbes: Probiosis and architecture. Architectural Research Quarterly, 24(2), 155–168. doi:10.1017/S1359135520000202Ramirez-FigueroaC.BeckettR.2020Living with buildings, living with microbes: Probiosis and architecture242155168doi:10.1017/S1359135520000202Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Cook J., (1997). The Skyscraper Bioclimatically Considered By Ken Yeang. Academy Editions, 269 pp., numerous illus. ISBN 1 85490 431 0 PB. Architectural Research Quarterly, 2(3), 92–94. doi:10.1017/S1359135500001470CookJ.1997The Skyscraper Bioclimatically Considered By Ken Yeang. Academy Editions, 269 pp., numerous illus. ISBN 1 85490 431 0 PB239294doi:10.1017/S1359135500001470Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Junghans L., (2016). The Energy Concept in be 2226 The Temperature of Architecture Portrait of an Energy-Optimized House Edited by Dietmar Eberle and Florian Archer Basel, 45–54.JunghansL.2016455410.1515/9783035603873-006Search in Google Scholar
Purvis B., Mao Y., Robinson D., (2019). Three pillars of sustainability: in search of conceptual origins. Sustainability Science. 14(3), 681–695.PurvisB.MaoY.RobinsonD.2019Three pillars of sustainability: in search of conceptual origins14368169510.1007/s11625-018-0627-5Search in Google Scholar
Feist W., (2002). Passivhaus Projektierungs Paket 2002, Anforderungen an qualitaetsgepruefte, Passivhaeuser Passivhaus Institut, Darmstadt, Germany, (Passive house planning package 2002, requirements for quality-tested passive houses Passive House Institute, Darmstadt, Germany) Google Scholar.FeistW.2002Search in Google Scholar
Feist W., Schnieders J., Dorer V., Haas A., (2005). Reinventing air heating: convenient and comfortable within the frame of the passive house concept. Energy Build, 37, 1186-1203.FeistW.SchniedersJ.DorerV.HaasA.2005Reinventing air heating: convenient and comfortable within the frame of the passive house concept371186120310.1016/j.enbuild.2005.06.020Search in Google Scholar
Schnieders J., Hermelink A., (2006). CEPHEUS results: measurements and occupants’ satisfaction provide evidence for Passive House being an option for sustainable building Energy Policy, 151–171.SchniedersJ.HermelinkA.2006CEPHEUS results: measurements and occupants’ satisfaction provide evidence for Passive House being an option for sustainable building15117110.1016/j.enpol.2004.08.049Search in Google Scholar
Feist W., Pfluger R., Kaufmann B., Schniders J., Kah O., (2007). Passivehaus-Projektierungspaket Anforderungen an qualitaetsgepruefte Passivhaeuser, Passivhaus Institut, Darmstadt.FeistW.PflugerR.KaufmannB.SchnidersJ.KahO.2007Passivhaus InstitutDarmstadtSearch in Google Scholar
Pitts A., (2017). Passive House and Low Energy Buildings: Barriers and Opportunities for Future Development within UK Practice. Sustainability, 9(2), 272. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9020272PittsA.2017Passive House and Low Energy Buildings: Barriers and Opportunities for Future Development within UK Practice92272https://doi.org/10.3390/su902027210.3390/su9020272Search in Google Scholar
Monsen W.A., Klein S.A., Beckman W.A., (1981). Prediction of direct gain solar heating system performance. Sol Energy, 27, 143–147.MonsenW.A.KleinS.A.BeckmanW.A.1981Prediction of direct gain solar heating system performance2714314710.1016/0038-092X(81)90036-0Search in Google Scholar
Oliveira A.C., de Oliveira, Fernandes E., (1992). A new simplified method for evaluating the thermal behaviour of direct gain passive solar buildings. Sol Energy, 48, 227–233.OliveiraA.C.de OliveiraFernandesE.1992A new simplified method for evaluating the thermal behaviour of direct gain passive solar buildings4822723310.1016/0038-092X(92)90095-RSearch in Google Scholar
Schnieders J., Feist W., Pfluger R., Kah O., (2007). CEPHEUS 2001 CEPHEUS Naukowa analiza i ocena Raport końcowy. Instytut Budownictwa Pasywnego, Darmstadt 2001/2.SchniedersJ.FeistW.PflugerR.KahO.2007Instytut Budownictwa PasywnegoDarmstadt2001/2Search in Google Scholar
Hui P.S., Wong L.T., Mui P.S., (2008). Using carbon dioxide concentration to assess indoor air quality in offices. Indoor Built Environment, 17, 213–219.HuiP.S.WongL.T.MuiP.S.2008Using carbon dioxide concentration to assess indoor air quality in offices1721321910.1177/1420326X08091773Search in Google Scholar
Almeida R.M.S.F., Pinto M., Pinho P.G., de Lemos L.T., (2017). Natural ventilation and indoor air quality in educational buildings: experimental assessment and improvement strategies. Energy Effic, 10.AlmeidaR.M.S.F.PintoM.PinhoP.G.de LemosL.T.2017Natural ventilation and indoor air quality in educational buildings: experimental assessment and improvement strategies1010.1007/s12053-016-9485-0Search in Google Scholar
Junghans L., (2016). The Energy Concept in be 2226 The Temperature of Architecture Portrait of an Energy-Optimized House Edited by Dietmar Eberle and Florian Archer Basel, 45-54.JunghansL.2016Edited byEberleDietmarArcherFlorianBasel455410.1515/9783035603873-006Search in Google Scholar
Keller B., Magyari E., (1998). A universally valid strategy for low energy houses. Renewable Energy, 15, 401–406.KellerB.MagyariE.1998A universally valid strategy for low energy houses1540140610.1016/B978-008043865-8/50073-8Search in Google Scholar
Potrč Obrecht T., Premrov M., Žegarac Leskovar V., (2019). Influence of the orientation on the optimal glazing size for passive houses in different European climates (for non-cardinal directions). Solar Energy, 189, 15–25. ISSN 0038-092X.Potrč ObrechtT.PremrovM.Žegarac LeskovarV.2019Influence of the orientation on the optimal glazing size for passive houses in different European climates (for non-cardinal directions)1891525ISSN 0038-092X10.1016/j.solener.2019.07.037Search in Google Scholar
Niezabitowska E. D., (2014). Metody i techniki badawcze w architekturze (Research methods and techniques in architecture), Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej, Gliwice.NiezabitowskaE. D.2014Wydawnictwo Politechniki ŚląskiejGliwiceSearch in Google Scholar
Feist W., (1998). Wirtschaftlichkeit ausgewählter Energiesparma nahmen im Gebäudebestand, Passivhaus Institut, Darmstadt (Efficiency of selected energy saving measures in existing buildings, Passive House Institute, Darmstadt).FeistW.1998Passivhaus InstitutDarmstadt(Efficiency of selected energy saving measures in existing buildings, Passive House Institute, Darmstadt)Search in Google Scholar
Ciardiello A., Rosso F., Dell’Olmo J., Ciancio V., Ferrero M., Salata F. (2020). Multi-objective approach to the optimization of shape and envelope in building energy design. Applied Energy, 280, 115984. ISSN 0306-2619.CiardielloA.RossoF.Dell’OlmoJ.CiancioV.FerreroM.SalataF.2020Multi-objective approach to the optimization of shape and envelope in building energy design280115984ISSN 0306-261910.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115984Search in Google Scholar
Kheiri F., (2018). A review on optimization methods applied in energy-efficient building geometry and envelope design. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 92, 897–920. ISSN 1364-0321.KheiriF.2018A review on optimization methods applied in energy-efficient building geometry and envelope design92897920ISSN 1364-032110.1016/j.rser.2018.04.080Search in Google Scholar
Gleń P., Suchorab Z., Widomski M.K., (2019). The impact of the cubature of the building on the effectiveness of passive housing. AIP Conference Proceedings 2133, 020015. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5120145GleńP.SuchorabZ.WidomskiM.K.2019The impact of the cubature of the building on the effectiveness of passive housing2133020015https://doi.org/10.1063/1.512014510.1063/1.5120145Search in Google Scholar
Parasonis J., Keizikas A., Kalibatiene D., (2012). The relationship between the shape of a building and its energy performance. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 8(4), 246–256. DOI: 10.1080/ 17452007.2012. 675139ParasonisJ.KeizikasA.KalibatieneD.2012The relationship between the shape of a building and its energy performance84246256DOI: 10.1080/ 17452007.2012. 675139Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Huang Y., Niu J., (2016). Optimal building envelope design based on simulated performance: history, current status and new potentials. Energy Build, 117, 387–398.HuangY.NiuJ.2016Optimal building envelope design based on simulated performance: history, current status and new potentials11738739810.1016/j.enbuild.2015.09.025Search in Google Scholar
Ouarghi R., Krarti M., (2006). Building shape optimization using neural network and genetic algorithm approach. ASHRAE Trans, 112(PART 1), 484–491.OuarghiR.KrartiM.2006Building shape optimization using neural network and genetic algorithm approach112(PART 1)484491Search in Google Scholar
Zemella G., De March D., Borrotti M., Poli I., (2011). Optimised design of energy efficient building façades via evolutionary neural networks. Energy Build, 43, 3297–3302.ZemellaG.De MarchD.BorrottiM.PoliI.2011Optimised design of energy efficient building façades via evolutionary neural networks433297330210.1016/j.enbuild.2011.10.006Search in Google Scholar
Wang W., Zmeureanu R., Rivard H., (2005). Applying multi-objective genetic algorithms in green building design optimization. Build Environ, 40, 1512–1525, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.11.017WangW.ZmeureanuR.RivardH.2005Applying multi-objective genetic algorithms in green building design optimization401512152510.1016/j.buildenv.2004.11.017Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Hayter SJ., Kandt A., (2011). Renewable energy applications for existing buildings – preprint. Proceedings of the 48th AiCARR international conference; 1–15.HayterSJ.KandtA.2011Renewable energy applications for existing buildings – preprint115Search in Google Scholar
Kisilewicz T., Dudzińska A., (2015). Summer overheating of a passive sports hall building. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 15(4), 1193–1201. ISSN 1644-9665.KisilewiczT.DudzińskaA.2015Summer overheating of a passive sports hall building15411931201ISSN 1644-966510.1016/j.acme.2015.03.002Search in Google Scholar
Mlakar J., Štrancar J., (2011). Overheating in residential passive house: Solution strategies revealed and confirmed through data analysis and simulations. Energy and Buildings, 43(6), Pages 1443–1451. ISSN 0378-7788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.02.008.MlakarJ.ŠtrancarJ.2011Overheating in residential passive house: Solution strategies revealed and confirmed through data analysis and simulations43614431451ISSN 0378-7788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.02.00810.1016/j.enbuild.2011.02.008Search in Google Scholar
Massman W.J., (1998). A review of the molecular diffusivities of H2O, CO2, CH4, CO, O3, SO2, NH3, N2O, NO and NO2, in air, O2 and N2 near STP. Atmospheric Environment, 32(6), 1111–1127.MassmanW.J.1998A review of the molecular diffusivities of H2O, CO2, CH4, CO, O3, SO2, NH3, N2O, NO and NO2, in air, O2 and N2 near STP3261111112710.1016/S1352-2310(97)00391-9Search in Google Scholar
Hugentobler W., (2016). Health Aspects in be 2226 The Temperature of Architecture Portrait of an Energy-Optimized House Edited by Dietmar Eberle and Florian Archer Basel, 143–153.HugentoblerW.2016Edited byEberleDietmarArcherFlorianBasel14315310.1515/9783035603873-012Search in Google Scholar
Leskovar V.Ž. , Premrov M., (2011). An approach in architectural design of energy-efficient timber buildings with a focus on the optimal glazing size in the south-oriented façade. Energy Build, 43, 3410–3418.LeskovarV.Ž.PremrovM.2011An approach in architectural design of energy-efficient timber buildings with a focus on the optimal glazing size in the south-oriented façade433410341810.1016/j.enbuild.2011.09.003Search in Google Scholar
Aicher F., (2016). Material, Type, Site in be 2226 The Temperature of Architecture Portrait of an Energy-Optimized House Edited by Dietmar Eberle and Florian Archer Basel, 131–142.AicherF.2016Edited byEberleDietmarArcherFlorianBasel13114210.1515/9783035603873-011Search in Google Scholar
Steiner D., (2016). Back to Architecture in be 2226 The Temperature of Architecture Portrait of an Energy-Optimized House Edited by Dietmar Eberle and Florian Archer Basel, 35–43.SteinerD.2016Edited byEberleDietmarArcherFlorianBasel354310.1515/9783035603873-005Search in Google Scholar
Feireiss K., (2016). A Personal Approach in be 2226 The Temperature of Architecture Portrait of an Energy-Optimized House Edited by Dietmar Eberle and Florian Archer Basel, 25–33.FeireissK.2016Edited byEberleDietmarArcherFlorianBasel253310.1515/9783035603873-004Search in Google Scholar
Till J., Schneider T., (2005). Flexible housing: The means to the end. Architectural Research Quarterly, 9(3–4), 287–296. doi:10.1017/S1359135505000345TillJ.SchneiderT.2005Flexible housing: The means to the end93–4287296doi:10.1017/S1359135505000345Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Schneider T., Till J., (2005). Flexible housing: Opportunities and limits. Architectural Research Quarterly, 9(2), 157–166. doi:10.1017/S1359135505000199SchneiderT.TillJ.2005Flexible housing: Opportunities and limits92157166doi:10.1017/S1359135505000199Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Aicher F., Eberle D., (2016). In Defence of the User in be 2226 The Temperature of Architecture Portrait of an Energy-Optimized House Edited by Dietmar Eberle and Florian Archer Basel, 163–178.AicherF.EberleD.2016Edited byEberleDietmarArcherFlorianBasel16317810.1515/9783035603873-014Search in Google Scholar