<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec><h3>Background</h3>
<p><italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> is a pathogen endemic in India and sometimes deadly for patients in intensive care units.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Objectives</h3>
<p>To determine the antibiotic-resistance pattern, biofilm forming ability, and clonal type of <italic>S. aureus</italic> from isolates collected in Tamil Nadu (south) and the Mizoram (northeast) regions of India.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Methods</h3>
<p>We collected <italic>S. aureus</italic> isolates from diagnostic laboratories in Tamil Nadu and Mizoram. An antibiotic susceptibility test was performed according to Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute methods. Antibiotic-resistant determinants such as <italic>mecA</italic>, <italic>mecC</italic>, <italic>blaZ</italic>, <italic>vanA</italic>, <italic>vanB</italic>, and <italic>vanC</italic> were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All isolates were further studied for biofilm forming ability. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR was used for clonal analysis.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Results</h3>
<p>A study of 206 clinical isolates showed 52.9% prevalence of methicillin-resistant <italic>S. aureus</italic> in Tamil Nadu and 49.4% in Mizoram. Minimum inhibitory concentration tests showed a high prevalence of 67% oxacillin resistance in isolates from Tamil Nadu and 49% in isolates from Mizoram. PCR showed 53% <italic>mecA</italic> in Tamil Nadu and 49% <italic>mecA</italic> in Mizoram. Vancomycin-intermediate resistance <italic>S. aureus</italic> (VISA) prevalence was lower in isolates from Tamil Nadu (4%) and Mizoram (5%). All methicillin-resistant <italic>S. aureus</italic> (MRSA) isolates formed biofilms. Clonal analysis revealed a genetic relatedness between the isolates.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusions</h3>
<p>The prevalence of MRSA is high in the regions studied, with most of the clinical isolates being multidrug resistant. Adopting appropriate community-based preventive measures and establishing antimicrobial stewardship is highly recommended to minimize the dissemination in antibiotic resistance.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Background
Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen endemic in India and sometimes deadly for patients in intensive care units.

Objectives
To determine the antibiotic-resistance pattern, biofilm forming ability, and clonal type of S. aureus from isolates collected in Tamil Nadu (south) and the Mizoram (northeast) regions of India.

Methods
We collected S. aureus isolates from diagnostic laboratories in Tamil Nadu and Mizoram. An antibiotic susceptibility test was performed according to Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute methods. Antibiotic-resistant determinants such as mecA, mecC, blaZ, vanA, vanB, and vanC were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All isolates were further studied for biofilm forming ability. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR was used for clonal analysis.

Results
A study of 206 clinical isolates showed 52.9% prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus in Tamil Nadu and 49.4% in Mizoram. Minimum inhibitory concentration tests showed a high prevalence of 67% oxacillin resistance in isolates from Tamil Nadu and 49% in isolates from Mizoram. PCR showed 53% mecA in Tamil Nadu and 49% mecA in Mizoram. Vancomycin-intermediate resistance S. aureus (VISA) prevalence was lower in isolates from Tamil Nadu (4%) and Mizoram (5%). All methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates formed biofilms. Clonal analysis revealed a genetic relatedness between the isolates.

Conclusions
The prevalence of MRSA is high in the regions studied, with most of the clinical isolates being multidrug resistant. Adopting appropriate community-based preventive measures and establishing antimicrobial stewardship is highly recommended to minimize the dissemination in antibiotic resistance.

Antibiotic resistance, biofilm forming ability, and clonal profiling of clinical isolates of <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> from southern and northeastern India

Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology

Asian Biomedicine

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Antibiotic resistance, biofilm forming ability, and clonal profiling of clinical isolates of  from southern and northeastern India

Background
Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen endemic in India and sometimes deadly for patients in intensive care units.

Objectives
To determine the...

Antibiotic resistance, biofilm forming ability, and clonal profiling of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from southern and northeastern India

Article Category: Brief communication (original)

Published Online: Aug 31, 2022

Page range: 191 - 199

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2022-0023

Keywords
biofilms, drug resistance, bacterial, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction, methicillin-resistant, Mizoram, Tamil Nadu

© 2022 Archana Loganathan et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Antibiotic resistance, biofilm forming ability, and clonal profiling of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from southern and northeastern India

Article Category: Brief communication (original)

Published Online: Aug 31, 2022

Page range: 191 - 199

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2022-0023

Keywordsbiofilms, drug resistance, bacterial, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction, methicillin-resistant, Mizoram, Tamil Nadu

© 2022 Archana Loganathan et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
biofilms, drug resistance, bacterial, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction, methicillin-resistant, Mizoram, Tamil Nadu