Organic fertilization influences nematode diversity and maturity index in coffee tree plantations using an agroforestry system

JOL Vieira Júnior; RC Pereira; RL Soto; IM Cardoso; EA Mondino; RLL Berbara; E Sá Mendonça

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Organic fertilization influences nematode diversity and maturity index in coffee tree plantations using an agroforestry system

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| May 21, 2021

Journal of Nematology

Volume 53 (2021): Issue 1 (January 2021)

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Page range: 1 - 13

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2021-054

Keywords
Agroecology, Agroforestry systems, Ecology, Ecological indices, Organic farming, Management

© 2021 Jol Vieira Júnior et al., published by Sciendo.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Sampling method for nematodes present in the soil in each coffee plantation.

Average values (± standard error) of (a) the maturity, (b) the maturity 2–5, (c) the plant parasitic, (d) the basal, (e) the enrichment, and (f) the structure indexes. Values followed by the same letter did not differ when using the Tukey test (p < 0.05).

Food web analysis of coffee crops fertilized with cow manure (CM), poultry litter (PL), plant residues (NF), and in a forest fragment (FF). Quadrant A: enriched and structured agroecosystem; quadrant B: mature and structured environment; quadrant C: mature and stable environment, fertile soil; and quadrant D: degraded and depleted soil. (Ferris, 2010).

Chemical characterization soil sampled at a depth of 0–10 cm from the following areas in Araponga, Minas Gerais, Brazil: forest fragment (FF) and coffee plantations, naturally fertilized (NF), poultry litter fertilized (PL) and cow manure (CM) fertilized.

		N	P	K	OM	C:N
	pH	(%)	mg/dm³	mg/dm³	ppm
NF	5.8 ± 0.05^ns	0.27 ± 0.01^ns	15.4 ± 0.42b	319 ± 1.21ab	17.65 ± 0.52a	25.65 ± 0.23b
PL	5.5 ± 0.08^ns	0.28 ± 0.01^ns	705.6 ± 6.74a	977 ± 0.79a	17.73 ± 0.63a	48.21 ± 9.60a
CM	5.6 ± 0.09^ns	0.27 ± 0.01^ns	46.7 ± 0.65a	329 ± 5.37ab	14.48 ± 0.35b	31.01 ± 6.20a
FF	5.7 ± 0.05^ns	0.29 ± 0.01^ns	3.0 ± 0.05b	60 ± 2.43b	19.46 ± 0.28a	39.01 ± 7.80ab

Physical characterization of soil samples collected at a depth of 0–10 cm from the following areas in Araponga, Minas Gerais, Brazil: forest fragment (FF) and coffee plantations naturally fertilized (NF), fertilized with poultry litter (PL) or cow manure (CM).

	Physical attributes (%)
	Textural class	TP	Micro	Macro	SM
NF	Clayey	56.02 ± 1.08	34.79 ± 0.99	21.23 ± 1.55	25.80 ± 1.43
PL	Clayey	59.23 ± 1.68	36.83 ± 0.90	22.40 ± 1.13	27.23 ± 0.94
CM	Clayey	58.51 ± 1.01	33.27 ± 1.22	25.26 ± 1.79	30.12 ± 1.18
FF	Clayey	59.34 ± 1.95	32.12 ± 2.75	27.21 ± 2.59	25.67 ± 1.08

Average values (± standard error) of Shannon and Simpson indices of nematode communities in soil samples from an Atlantic forest fragment (FF), a naturally fertilized (NF) coffee plantation, a poultry litter (PL) fertilized coffee plantation, and cow manure (CM) fertilized coffee plantation.

	Areas evaluated
Diversity indexes	FF	NF	PL	CM
Shannon (H’)	2.34 ± 0.03a	2.24 ± 0.03a	2.09 ± 0.04a	1.95 ± 0.06b
Simpson (Ds)	0.14 ± 0.002b	0.17 ± 0.006b	0.20 ± 0.002b	0.33 ± 0.002a

Mean relative abundance of nematode genera found in soil samples from an Atlantic forest fragment (FF), a naturally fertilized (NF) coffee plantation, a poultry litter (PL) fertilized coffee plantation, and cow manure (CM) fertilized coffee plantation.

Families	Genera	FF	NF	PL	CM
Bacterivores		Areas
Alaimidae	Alaimus	0.01^ns	0.02^ns	0.00^ns	0.00^ns
Bunonematidae	Bunonema	0.00^ns	0.00^ns	0.01^ns	0.00^ns
Cephalobidae	Acrobeles	0.09b	0.10b	0.10b	0.18a
	Cephalobus	0.05^ns	0.04^ns	0.02^ns	0.02^ns
Diplogastridae	Diplogaster	0.00^ns	0.00^ns	0.03^ns	0.01^ns
Panagrolaimidae	Panagrolaimus	0.00^ns	0.01^ns	0.03^ns	0.01^ns
Plectidae	Plectus	0.01^ns	0.01^ns	0.02^ns	0.02^ns
	Wilsonema	0.00^ns	0.01^ns	0.00^ns	0.01^ns
Prismatolaimidae	Prismatolaimus	0.01^ns	0.01^ns	0.00^ns	0.00^ns
Rhabditidae	Rhabditis	0.05b	0.12b	0.38a	0.49a
Teratocephalidae	Teratocephalus	0.00^ns	0.01^ns	0.02^ns	0.00^ns
Plant-parasites		Areas
Anguininae	Ditylenchus*	0.03^ns	0.02^ns	0.04^ns	0.01^ns
Criconematidae	Criconema	0.15a	0.08a	0.02b	0.01b
Hoplolaimidae	Helicotylenchus	0.21b	0.35a	0.20b	0.17b
Longidoridae	Longidorus	0.03^ns	0.01^ns	0.02^ns	0.02^ns
Pratylenchidae	Pratylenchus	0.07a	0.04a	0.01b	0.00b
Trichodoridae	Trichodorus	0.02^ns	0.02^ns	0.00^ns	0.00^ns
Tylenchidae	Tylenchus	0.05^ns	0.03^ns	0.04^ns	0.02^ns
Fungivores		Areas
Aphelenchidae	Aphelenchus	0.14a	0.07b	0.05b	0.02b
Diphtherophoridae	Diphtherophora	0.02^ns	0.01^ns	0.00^ns	0.00^ns
Tylencholaimellidae	Tylencholaimellus	0.01^ns	0.01^ns	0.00^ns	0.00^ns
Onivores		Areas
Dorylaimidae	Dorylaimus	0.03^ns	0.02^ns	0.00^ns	0.00^ns
Predator		Areas
Mononchidae	Mononchus	0.02^ns	0.02^ns	0.01^ns	0.01^ns

Average values (± standard error) for the total abundance of nematodes per 100 g of dry soil from an Atlantic forest fragment (FF), a naturally fertilized (NF) coffee plantation, poultry litter (PL) fertilized coffee plantation, and a coffee plantation fertilized with cow manure (CM).

Feeding habits	FF	NF	PL	CM
Bacterivores	108 ± 2.73b	170 ± 1.14b	380 ± 7.72a	378 ± 5.83a
Plant-parasites	270 ± 5.03a	287 ± 3.37a	183 ± 3.12b	128 ± 1.28b
Fungivores	84 ± 2.83a	51 ± 5.16a	32 ± 1.12b	13 ± 0.97b
Omnivores	11 ± 0.54^ns	9 ± 0.37^ns	2 ± 0.41^ns	2 ± 0.83^ns
Predators	10 ± 0.73^ns	9 ± 0.37^ns	8 ± 0.24^ns	4 ± 0.25^ns
Total	483 ± 7.20^ns	526 ± 5.63^ns	605 ± 9.09^ns	525 ± 4.59^ns

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Language:: English

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Organic fertilization influences nematode diversity and maturity index in coffee tree plantations using an agroforestry system

Published Online: May 21, 2021

Page range: 1 - 13

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2021-054

Keywords
Agroecology, Agroforestry systems, Ecology, Ecological indices, Organic farming, Management

© 2021 Jol Vieira Júnior et al., published by Sciendo.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Figure 2:

Figure 3:

Chemical characterization soil sampled at a depth of 0–10 cm from the following areas in Araponga, Minas Gerais, Brazil: forest fragment (FF) and coffee plantations, naturally fertilized (NF), poultry litter fertilized (PL) and cow manure (CM) fertilized.

Physical characterization of soil samples collected at a depth of 0–10 cm from the following areas in Araponga, Minas Gerais, Brazil: forest fragment (FF) and coffee plantations naturally fertilized (NF), fertilized with poultry litter (PL) or cow manure (CM).

Average values (± standard error) of Shannon and Simpson indices of nematode communities in soil samples from an Atlantic forest fragment (FF), a naturally fertilized (NF) coffee plantation, a poultry litter (PL) fertilized coffee plantation, and cow manure (CM) fertilized coffee plantation.

Mean relative abundance of nematode genera found in soil samples from an Atlantic forest fragment (FF), a naturally fertilized (NF) coffee plantation, a poultry litter (PL) fertilized coffee plantation, and cow manure (CM) fertilized coffee plantation.

Average values (± standard error) for the total abundance of nematodes per 100 g of dry soil from an Atlantic forest fragment (FF), a naturally fertilized (NF) coffee plantation, poultry litter (PL) fertilized coffee plantation, and a coffee plantation fertilized with cow manure (CM).

Organic fertilization influences nematode diversity and maturity index in coffee tree plantations using an agroforestry system

Published Online: May 21, 2021

Page range: 1 - 13

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2021-054

KeywordsAgroecology, Agroforestry systems, Ecology, Ecological indices, Organic farming, Management

© 2021 Jol Vieira Júnior et al., published by Sciendo.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Figure 2:

Figure 3:

Chemical characterization soil sampled at a depth of 0–10 cm from the following areas in Araponga, Minas Gerais, Brazil: forest fragment (FF) and coffee plantations, naturally fertilized (NF), poultry litter fertilized (PL) and cow manure (CM) fertilized.

Physical characterization of soil samples collected at a depth of 0–10 cm from the following areas in Araponga, Minas Gerais, Brazil: forest fragment (FF) and coffee plantations naturally fertilized (NF), fertilized with poultry litter (PL) or cow manure (CM).

Average values (± standard error) of Shannon and Simpson indices of nematode communities in soil samples from an Atlantic forest fragment (FF), a naturally fertilized (NF) coffee plantation, a poultry litter (PL) fertilized coffee plantation, and cow manure (CM) fertilized coffee plantation.

Mean relative abundance of nematode genera found in soil samples from an Atlantic forest fragment (FF), a naturally fertilized (NF) coffee plantation, a poultry litter (PL) fertilized coffee plantation, and cow manure (CM) fertilized coffee plantation.

Average values (± standard error) for the total abundance of nematodes per 100 g of dry soil from an Atlantic forest fragment (FF), a naturally fertilized (NF) coffee plantation, poultry litter (PL) fertilized coffee plantation, and a coffee plantation fertilized with cow manure (CM).

Keywords
Agroecology, Agroforestry systems, Ecology, Ecological indices, Organic farming, Management