<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_joepi-2015-0019_s_001"><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Dominant presentation of ictal forced repetitive swearing has been rarely addressed and could be misdiagnosed.</p></sec><sec id="j_joepi-2015-0019_s_002"><h3>Case report</h3><p>We report a 45-year-old man with a long history of right frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) who developed forced repetitive swearing during hypermotor seizures. His seizures were refractory to different antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Scalp video-EEG telemetry suggested a right frontal epileptic focus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in the right mesial frontal lobe. Intracranial implantation with video-EEG recordings confirmed seizures originating from the MRI lesion. Patient underwent right frontal lobe resection followed by seizure freedom in the last five years on a single AED. Neuropathology confirmed FCD type IIB.</p></sec><sec id="j_joepi-2015-0019_s_003"><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The following aspects of the case are discussed: FLE and ictal vocalization, swearing, FLE and aggression. We emphasize the differences among ictal vocalisation, verbal automatism and ictal speech. We propose that ictal swearing might fit a verbal automatism definition.</p></sec><sec id="j_joepi-2015-0019_s_004"><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Ictal forced repetitive swearing can be a manifestation of hypermotor seizures in FLE and should not be misdiagnosed.</p></sec></abstract>

IntroductionDominant presentation of ictal forced repetitive swearing has been rarely addressed and could be misdiagnosed.Case reportWe report a 45-year-old man with a long history of right frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) who developed forced repetitive swearing during hypermotor seizures. His seizures were refractory to different antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Scalp video-EEG telemetry suggested a right frontal epileptic focus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in the right mesial frontal lobe. Intracranial implantation with video-EEG recordings confirmed seizures originating from the MRI lesion. Patient underwent right frontal lobe resection followed by seizure freedom in the last five years on a single AED. Neuropathology confirmed FCD type IIB.DiscussionThe following aspects of the case are discussed: FLE and ictal vocalization, swearing, FLE and aggression. We emphasize the differences among ictal vocalisation, verbal automatism and ictal speech. We propose that ictal swearing might fit a verbal automatism definition.ConclusionIctal forced repetitive swearing can be a manifestation of hypermotor seizures in FLE and should not be misdiagnosed.

Ictal Forced Repetitive Swearing in Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: Case report and review of the literature

Journal of Epileptology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

IntroductionDominant presentation of ictal forced repetitive swearing has been rarely addressed and could be misdiagnosed.Case reportWe report a 45-year-old...

Ictal Forced Repetitive Swearing in Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: Case report and review of the literature

Published Online: Nov 14, 2014

Page range: 113 - 119

Received: Oct 27, 2014

Accepted: Nov 05, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/joepi-2015-0019

Keywords
ictal swearing, frontal lobe epilepsy, lateralization

© 2014 Marjan Dolatshahi et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Ictal Forced Repetitive Swearing in Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: Case report and review of the literature

Published Online: Nov 14, 2014

Page range: 113 - 119

Received: Oct 27, 2014

Accepted: Nov 05, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/joepi-2015-0019

Keywordsictal swearing, frontal lobe epilepsy, lateralization

© 2014 Marjan Dolatshahi et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
ictal swearing, frontal lobe epilepsy, lateralization