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Białostockie Studia Prawnicze
Volume 28 (2023): Issue 1 (March 2023)
Open Access
Occupation: Petty Smuggler. On the Effectiveness of Carrying Out Selected Non-Custodial Penalties against Smugglers
Krzysztof Stasiak
Krzysztof Stasiak
| Mar 11, 2023
Białostockie Studia Prawnicze
Volume 28 (2023): Issue 1 (March 2023)
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Published Online:
Mar 11, 2023
Page range:
227 - 239
Received:
Aug 15, 2022
Accepted:
Jan 04, 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15290/bsp.2023.28.01.13
Keywords
community service
,
fines
,
national borders
,
non-custodial penalties
,
penalty effectiveness
,
smuggling
© 2023 Krzysztof Stasiak, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.