Interplay of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Cytokines in Schizophrenia

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family and plays an important role in neuroplasticity, differentiation and survival of neurons, as well as their function. Neuroinflammation has been explored in the pathophysiology of many mental disorders, such as schizophrenia. Cytokines representing different types of immune responses have an impact on neurogenesis and BDNF expression. Cross-regulation of BDNF and cytokines is accomplished through several signalling pathways. Also, typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs variously modulate the expression of BDNF and serum levels of cytokines, which can possibly be used in evaluation of therapy effectiveness. Comorbidity of metabolic syndrome and atopic diseases has been considered in the context of BDNF and cytokines interplay in schizophrenia.