<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p> Autophagy is an extremely old process during which long-lived proteins and cellular organelles are removed by means of lysosomes. Autophagy may be caused by cellular stress mechanisms. Research has proven that autophagy plays a key role in obtaining nutrients and adapting to the conditions of starvation. Owing to this, it takes part in maintaining homeostasis in cytoplasm and cell nucleus. This objective may be achieved through a number of ways. Depending on the manner in which a substrate connects with the lysosome, we can talk about macroautophagy and microautophagy. Additionally, some authors also distinguish a chaperone-mediated autophagy. The article presented below describes molecular mechanisms of each type of autophagy and focuses particularly on macroautophagy, which is the best understood of all the autophagy types.</p></abstract>

Autophagy is an extremely old process during which long-lived proteins and cellular organelles are removed by means of lysosomes. Autophagy may be caused by cellular stress mechanisms. Research has proven that autophagy plays a key role in obtaining nutrients and adapting to the conditions of starvation. Owing to this, it takes part in maintaining homeostasis in cytoplasm and cell nucleus. This objective may be achieved through a number of ways. Depending on the manner in which a substrate connects with the lysosome, we can talk about macroautophagy and microautophagy. Additionally, some authors also distinguish a chaperone-mediated autophagy. The article presented below describes molecular mechanisms of each type of autophagy and focuses particularly on macroautophagy, which is the best understood of all the autophagy types.

Autophagy - Adaptive Molecular Mechanisms in Condition of Starvation

Departament of Histology and Embryology Medical University in Lublin ul. Radziwiłłowska 11 20-080, Lublin, Poland

Departament of Histology and Embryology Medical University in Lublin, Poland

Polish Hyperbaric Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

{"article-title":"Autophagy - Adaptive Molecular Mechanisms in Condition of Starvation"}

Autophagy is an extremely old process during which long-lived proteins and cellular organelles are removed by means of lysosomes. Autophagy may be caused by...

Autophagy - Adaptive Molecular Mechanisms in Condition of Starvation

Published Online: Dec 30, 2015

Page range: 71 - 73

Received: Jun 05, 2015

Accepted: Jul 20, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/phr-2015-0018

Keywords
autophagy, cellular starvation, lysosome, cell death

© 2016

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Autophagy - Adaptive Molecular Mechanisms in Condition of Starvation

Published Online: Dec 30, 2015

Page range: 71 - 73

Received: Jun 05, 2015

Accepted: Jul 20, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/phr-2015-0018

Keywordsautophagy, cellular starvation, lysosome, cell death

© 2016

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Keywords
autophagy, cellular starvation, lysosome, cell death