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Epiphytic bacterial community composition on the surface of the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum in a low-salinity sea area of Hangzhou Bay

Qiao Liu

Qiao Liu

College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai, China
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Liu, Qiao
, 
Mengmeng Liu

Mengmeng Liu

College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai, China
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Liu, Mengmeng
, 
Qi Zhang

Qi Zhang

College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai, China
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Zhang, Qi
, 
Yanlin Bao

Yanlin Bao

College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai, China
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Bao, Yanlin
, 
Na Yang

Na Yang

College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai, China
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Yang, Na
, 
Yuanzi Huo

Yuanzi Huo

  • College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai, China
  • Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceSolomons, United States
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Huo, Yuanzi
 and 
Peimin He

Peimin He

  • College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai, China
  • Maine Scientific Research Institute, Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai, China
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He, Peimin
  
Mar 14, 2019
Epiphytic bacterial community composition on the surface of the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum in a low-salinity sea area of Hangzhou Bay's Cover Image
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Article Category: Original research paper
Published Online: Mar 14, 2019
Page range: 43 - 55
Received: Jun 28, 2018
Accepted: Sep 07, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2019-0005
Keywords
© 2019 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Location of the study area and M. spicatum in Hangzhou Bay
Location of the study area and M. spicatum in Hangzhou Bay

Figure 2

Location of the sampling sites and M. spicatum in July and October 2017
Location of the sampling sites and M. spicatum in July and October 2017

Figure 3

Venn diagram of bacterial OTUs on the surface of plants, in the water column and sediments in July and October 2017 in Hangzhou Bay. The overlapping area corresponds to OTUs shared by two or three samples. The numbers indicate the number of OTUs.
Venn diagram of bacterial OTUs on the surface of plants, in the water column and sediments in July and October 2017 in Hangzhou Bay. The overlapping area corresponds to OTUs shared by two or three samples. The numbers indicate the number of OTUs.

Figure 4

Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) for OTUs in the water column, plants, and sediments
Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) for OTUs in the water column, plants, and sediments

Figure 5

Relative abundance (%) of the main bacterial classes found in the clone libraries of the water column, plants, and sediment collected from Hangzhou Bay
Relative abundance (%) of the main bacterial classes found in the clone libraries of the water column, plants, and sediment collected from Hangzhou Bay

Figure 6

Heat map of the 30 most abundant genera. The color intensity (represented by the log scale on the right) represents the abundance of a genus in a sample. Phylogenetic relationships are shown in the left tree. The top tree shows the clustering relationship of the genera.
Heat map of the 30 most abundant genera. The color intensity (represented by the log scale on the right) represents the abundance of a genus in a sample. Phylogenetic relationships are shown in the left tree. The top tree shows the clustering relationship of the genera.

Figure 7

Fifteen most abundant genera of epiphytic bacteria in July and October. * p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, **p < 0.001
Fifteen most abundant genera of epiphytic bacteria in July and October. * p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, **p < 0.001

Figure 8

Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) network analysis applied to the epiphytic bacteria in July (A) and October (B). The OTUs network analysis shows only the 30 most abundant OTUs with correlations ≥ 0.5. The size of the node is proportional to the abundance of OTUs. The color of the node corresponds to the phylum taxonomic classification. Red lines indicate positive correlations, while green lines indicate negative correlations. The line thickness corresponds to the correlation values.
Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) network analysis applied to the epiphytic bacteria in July (A) and October (B). The OTUs network analysis shows only the 30 most abundant OTUs with correlations ≥ 0.5. The size of the node is proportional to the abundance of OTUs. The color of the node corresponds to the phylum taxonomic classification. Red lines indicate positive correlations, while green lines indicate negative correlations. The line thickness corresponds to the correlation values.

Figure 9

Clusters of orthologous groups and their abundance by PICRUSt in July and October. Asterisks denote significant differences between July and October, Student’s T-test (p < 0.05).
Clusters of orthologous groups and their abundance by PICRUSt in July and October. Asterisks denote significant differences between July and October, Student’s T-test (p < 0.05).

Comparison of the number and length of sequences, the number of OTUs, Chao1, ACE and Shannon indices (H’) of bacteria among clone libraries

Number of sequences Sequence length Number of OTUs Coverage Chao1 H’ ACE
July
Water 35 205.67 ± 3098.38 395.25 ± 0.38a 221.67 ± 41.43a 1.00 ± 0.00 339.57 ± 42.64a 3.30 ± 0.12a 354.01 ± 26.53a
Plant 35 239.33 ± 1685.72 395.89 ± 0.39a 729.00 ± 455.27a 0.98 ± 0.01 1102.33 ± 632.11a 4.41 ± 0.84b 1341.48 ± 802.46ab
Sediment 40 443.00 ± 2179.75 396.20 ± 0.09a 1551.67 ± 41.36b 0.97 ± 0.00 2134.17 ± 70.69b 5.74 ± 0.05c 2152.08 ± 63.09b
October
Water 42 610.00 ± 1797.65 394.47 ± 0.18a 218.33 ± 20.60a 1.00 ± 0.00 329.53 ± 14.80a 3.29 ± 0.13a 417.07 ± 52.55a
Plant 40 254.67 ± 2321.51 394.61 ± 0.12a 709.33 ± 79.53b 0.98 ± 0.00 1192.37 ± 186.94b 4.60 ± 0.10b 1397.57 ± 191.63b
Sediment 40 492.33 ± 3063.11 396.20 ± 0.14b 1420.67 ± 5.13c 0.97 ± 0.00 1978.52 ± 68.81c 5.59 ± 0.10c 1965.77 ± 68.83c
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