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Does the genetic variability of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud determine the spatial distribution of the species?

Dariusz Świerk
Dariusz Świerk
, 
Michał Krzyżaniak
Michał Krzyżaniak
, 
Tomasz Kosiada
Tomasz Kosiada
, 
Piotr Urbański
Piotr Urbański
 and 
Jolanta Behnke-Borowczyk
Jolanta Behnke-Borowczyk
   | Dec 03, 2018
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Article Category: Original research paper
Published Online: Dec 03, 2018
Page range: 405 - 414
Received: Mar 21, 2018
Accepted: May 10, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2018-0038
© 2018 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Location of field research sites (A – the city of Poznan, B – Lake Bochenek in the village of Debienko, C – General Dezydery Chłapowski Landscape Park)
Location of field research sites (A – the city of Poznan, B – Lake Bochenek in the village of Debienko, C – General Dezydery Chłapowski Landscape Park)

Figure 2

Phylogenetic tree based on UPGMA and Bootstrap
Phylogenetic tree based on UPGMA and Bootstrap

Figure 3

CVA model (n = 156). Relationships between the morphological parameters of reed plants, biochemical parameters, sampling sites and P. australis specimens
CVA model (n = 156). Relationships between the morphological parameters of reed plants, biochemical parameters, sampling sites and P. australis specimens

Morphological parameters and chlorophyll content in P. australis collected from different locations (chl – chlorophyll)

chl a chl b total chl height stem ø leaf length leaf width
city min. 0.604 0.440 1.153 110.0 0.4 33.0 2.2
max 2.076 1.280 3.360 260.0 1.2 62.0 4.4
mean 1.151 0.823 1.976 180.8 0.7 47.6 3.2
SD 0.295 0.209 0.450 45.2 0.2 7.3 0.7
village min. 0.668 0.432 1.142 115.0 0.5 30.0 2.4
max 1.298 0.953 2.057 270.0 1.0 53.0 4.0
mean 0.989 0.634 1.625 177.2 0.8 42.9 3.2
SD 0.157 0.120 0.209 49.6 0.2 8.5 0.5
open landscape min. 0.527 0.275 0.803 110.0 0.4 26.5 1.8
max 1.578 1.065 2.645 210.0 1.0 53.0 3.9
mean 1.030 0.594 1.626 161.6 0.6 41.9 3.1
SD 0.234 0.198 0.411 30.7 0.2 8.2 0.6

Correction coefficients for the CVA model in Fig. 3

Parameters p-value F-value % EXPL.
Mg 0.001 7.215 23.45
NaCl 0.001 7.186 18.89
plant height 0.003 6.452 14.25
Ca 0.005 5.874 13.13
chlorophyll b 0.014 5.112 10.24
N-NO3 0.027 4.896 9.45
leaf width 0.048 2.894 4.78
pH 0.059 2.184 2.11
P 0.087 1.541 0.97
K 0.091 1.414 0.95
Na 0.129 1.084 0.83
leaf length 0.156 0.098 0.52
chlorophyll a 0.259 0.079 0.31
stem diameter 0.385 0.027 0.12

Chemical parameters of sediments and soil collected from different locations

N-NO3 P K Mg Ca Na NaCl pH
city min. 1.35 12.60 6.40 50.10 2424.4 42.5 0.22 6.90
max 13.60 109.40 196.90 287.60 6125.3 239.7 2.40 8.00
mean 5.79 56.39 51.86 148.93 4920.3 187.6 0.85 7.67
SD 3.09 26.62 47.37 66.32 999.8 57.6 0.62 0.28
village min. 3.65 23.10 22.30 187.20 1709.8 54.9 0.28 7.30
max 13.10 126.50 489.00 442.80 6479.2 2351.0 2.30 8.20
mean 7.55 65.34 200.36 277.43 4623.7 226.0 1.01 7.63
SD 2.46 37.35 174.43 76.07 1595.9 372.1 0.58 0.26
open landscape min. 1.45 23.70 14.70 42.20 357.1 21.2 0.19 6.40
max 19.50 103.90 482.40 314.50 5925.2 218.7 0.83 8.10
mean 8.01 51.74 157.28 178.68 2663.0 95.0 0.49 7.46
SD 4.97 27.74 128.58 72.16 1983.0 70.2 0.19 0.48

Chemical parameters of sediments and soil according to soil moisture

N-NO3 P K Mg Ca Na NaCl pH
dry min. 1.45 24.10 14.70 42.20 357.10 21.20 0.19 6.40
max 13.60 126.50 489.00 314.50 6125.30 239.70 0.94 8.10
mean 6.30 65.83 137.64 170.10 3342.92 116.66 0.44 7.56
SD 3.23 31.78 123.64 69.95 2036.71 77.12 0.18 0.44
moist min. 3.20 12.60 6.40 50.10 1512.70 42.50 0.22 7.20
max 19.50 96.20 489.00 364.00 6015.80 236.90 2.40 8.20
mean 8.03 46.27 145.07 205.77 4470.23 168.39 0.79 7.68
SD 4.26 26.98 162.71 85.02 1387.42 68.29 0.56 0.27
wet min. 1.35 18.10 8.10 70.50 837.40 41.20 0.42 6.90
max 13.50 109.40 297.00 442.80 6479.20 2351.00 2.30 8.00
mean 6.46 56.77 68.22 191.74 4862.42 231.88 1.18 7.57
SD 3.74 27.35 81.34 102.94 1446.20 319.44 0.58 0.30

Morphological parameters and chlorophyll content in P. australis according to soil moisture (chl – chlorophyll)

chl a chl b total chl height stem ø leaf length leaf width
dry min. 0.527 0.275 0.803 110.0 0.4 26.5 2.1
max 1.578 1.095 2.665 210.0 0.8 53.0 3.9
mean 1.068 0.673 1.742 149.6 0.6 43.0 3.1
SD 0.249 0.220 0.436 30.3 0.1 6.9 0.5
moist min. 0.663 0.407 1.153 110.0 0.4 27.5 1.8
max 1.673 1.130 2.634 270.0 1.1 56.0 4.4
mean 1.049 0.668 1.718 181.3 0.7 44.2 3.1
SD 0.245 0.201 0.397 48.4 0.2 8.0 0.7
wet min. 0.668 0.432 1.142 150.0 0.5 30.0 2.3
max 2.076 1.280 3.360 250.0 1.2 62.0 4.3
mean 1.115 0.797 1.914 197.5 0.9 47.5 3.4
SD 0.284 0.202 0.435 35.0 0.2 9.4 0.7
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