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Rapid expansion of the Asian clam Corbicula fluminea (O. F. Müller, 1774): a new alien species in the mollusk community of the Vistula

Maciej Bonk
Maciej Bonk
, 
Katarzyna Zając
Katarzyna Zając
 and 
Anna M. Lipińska
Anna M. Lipińska
   | Mar 13, 2018
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Article Category: Original research paper
Published Online: Mar 13, 2018
Page range: 75 - 86
Received: Mar 21, 2017
Accepted: Jul 24, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2018-0009
© 2018 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Distribution map of Corbicula fluminea sampling stations in the stretch of the Vistula River (ca 210 km long) between Opatowiec and Puławy. Sampling station no. 22 where samples were collected along the transects is indicated by a larger font size
Distribution map of Corbicula fluminea sampling stations in the stretch of the Vistula River (ca 210 km long) between Opatowiec and Puławy. Sampling station no. 22 where samples were collected along the transects is indicated by a larger font size

Figure 2

Distribution of C. fluminea along the transects in the Vistula channel at sampling station no. 22
Distribution of C. fluminea along the transects in the Vistula channel at sampling station no. 22

Figure 3

Density (ind. m-2) and the maximum shell length (mm) of C. fluminea at eight sampling stations in the Vistula depending on the distance (km) from the mouth of the power plant channel with heated water
Density (ind. m-2) and the maximum shell length (mm) of C. fluminea at eight sampling stations in the Vistula depending on the distance (km) from the mouth of the power plant channel with heated water

Figure 4

Percentages of C. fluminea in size classes in the Vistula channel near the Sanna river mouth (sampling station no. 22; clams were grouped into shell length classes differing by 1 mm); mean 8.7 mm, SD ± 2.91, n = 288
Percentages of C. fluminea in size classes in the Vistula channel near the Sanna river mouth (sampling station no. 22; clams were grouped into shell length classes differing by 1 mm); mean 8.7 mm, SD ± 2.91, n = 288

Checklist of Mollusca species recorded in the studied reach of the Vistula River

No. species previous studies (Kownacki 1999: the reach of the river from Kraków to Warszawa) the current study (2012–16): the reach of the river from Opatowiec to Puławy, and Maćkiewicz 2013: the Vistula in Kraków (in brackets)
GASTROPODA
1 Viviparus viviparus + +
2 Potamopyrgus antipodarum – + (+)
3 Valvata piscinalis + +
4 Bithynia sp./Bithynia tentaculata + + (+)
5 Physella acuta + +
6 Lymnaea stagnalis + +
7 Galba truncatula + +
8 Radix auricularia + +
9 Radix balthica + +
10 Planorbis planorbis + + (+)
11 Bathyomphalus contortus + +
12 Anisus vortex + +
13 Gyraulus albus + +
14 Planorbarius corneus + +
15 Ancylus fluviatilis + +
BIVALVIA
16 Anodonta anatina + + (+)
17 Unio pictorum + +
18 Unio tumidus – +
19 Unio crassus + + (+)
20 Corbicula fluminea – + (+)
21 Dreissena polymorpha – +
22 Sinanodonta woodiana – +
23 Pseudanodonta complanata + –
24 Anodonta cygnea + +
25 Sphaerium corneum – + (+)
26 Pisidium sp. – +
Total number of taxa 19 25

Occurrence of Corbicula fluminea in the stretch (ca 210 km long) of the Vistula River between Opatowiec and Puławy

Sampling station no. Nearest locality name Coordinates Date of the first record/density measurement Number of samples Mean density at occupied sites [ind. per m2] ± SD Description of sampling station
1 Opatowiec – ferry 50o14′23.93″N 20o43′41.25″E 9 February 2016 9 February 2016 7 2.0

density and shell length measured in 2016 and shown in Fig. 4.

 ± 1.63 the left bank of the Vistula above the ferry route in Opatowiec, muddy-gravel bottom, regulated river channel
2 Połaniec – heated water drain 50o26′34.63″N 21o22′3.82″E 1 September 2011 3 September 2016 74.4 ± 16.46 the left bank of the channel with stone lining, discharging heated water from the power plant
3 Tursko Małe – the Vistula below the mouth of the power station channel 50o26′27.58″N 21o22′40.71″E 6 142.0

density and shell length measured in 2016 and shown in Fig. 4.

 ±46.89 the left bank of the Vistula with stone lining, ca 100 m below the mouth of the channel discharging heated water from the power plant, bottom covered with stones
4 Niekurza 50o26′22.57″N 21223′41.92″E 3 September 2016 3 September 2016 6694.5

density and shell length measured in 2016 and shown in Fig. 4.

 ± 1458.21 the firth between the groyne field on the left bank of the Vistula opposite of the Wistoka mouth, muddy-sandy bottom
5 Tarnobrzeg (Siarkopol) – bridge 50o31′15.65″N 21236′11.98″E 9 February 2016 9 February 2016 37.0 ± 10.32 sandy shoal in the river channel under the bridge (national road number 9)
6 Ciszyca – ferry 50o34′22.33″N 21o39′27.11″E 6.0 ± 3.58 the left bank of the Vistula at the groyne field, muddy-gravel bottom
7 Sandomierz – bridge 50o40′29.93″N 21o45′26.34″E 7 June 2014 2 September 2016 7 1.9 ± 1.77
8 Kamień Łukawski 50o41′2.85″N 21o48′8.85″E 6 June 2014 2 September 2016 6.0 ± 2.0 sand banks or sandbars and shoal water in the river channel
9 Kępa Chwatowska – sandbar 1 50o45′36.2″N 21o50′30.1″E 25 May 2012 2 September 2016 6 107.2 ± 8.52
10 Kępa Chwałowska – sandbar 2 50o45′48.2″N 21o50′41.9″E 84.2 ± 14.03
11 Kępa Chwałowska – sandbar 3 50o45′57.99″N 21o50′47.85″E 11 June 2014 2 September 2016 108.3 ± 93.39
12 Kępa Chwałowska – sandbar 4 50o46′6.43″N 21o50′55.06″E 84.8 ± 37.93
13 Winiary 50o46′48.1″N 21o51′24.1″E 25 May 2012 1 September 2016 23.3 ± 8.09
14 Popowice – sandbar 1 50o47′13.9″N 21o51′44.13″E 17 June 2014 1 September 2016 19.0 ± 2.61
15 Popowice – sandbar 2 50o47′30.5″N 21o51′36.6″E 25 May 2012 1 September 2016 7 16.0 ± 7.53
16 Popowice – sandbar 3 50o47′53.07″N 21o51′42.34″E 17 June 2014 1 September 2016 6 16.3 ± 12.75
17 Zawichost – ferry 50o48′20.77″N 21o51′48.66″E 11.5 ± 1.97 the firth between groyne fields on the left bank of the Vistula, muddy-sandy bottom
18 Piotrowice – landing 50o50′18.73″N 21o50′22.62″E 6 June 2014 1 September 2016 7 11.9 ± 3.39 the left bank of the Vistula at the groyne field, muddy-gravel bottom
19 Piotrowice – passage on road 759 50o50′37.94″N 21o50′26.05″E 6 10.8 ± 5.12
20 Opoka Duża – sandbar 1 50o51′8.62″N 21o50′41.53″E 8 May 2014 1 September 2016 12.5 ± 3.94 sand banks or sandbars and shoal water in the river channel
21 Opoka Duża – sandbar 2 50o51′31.46″N 21o50′58.17″E 11 June 2014 1 September 2016 20.3 ± 8.24
22 Opoka Duża – sandbar 3 50o52′3.77″N 21o50′54.96″E 11 June 2014 11 June 2014 42

bottom samples (3 × 0.385 m × 1 m of the marked bottom area of 1 m2)

 17.8

density and shell length measured in 2016 and shown in Fig. 4.

 ± 16.74
23 Annopol – bridge 50o52′55.95″N 21o50′9.04″E 11 July 2014 1 September 2016 6 11.5 ± 5.13 the firth between groyne fields on the right bank of the Vistula, muddy-sandy bottom
24 Józefów 512 2′32.29″N 21o49′37.14″E 2 September 2016 2 September 2016 7 4.0

density and shell length measured in 2016 and shown in Fig. 4.

 ± 2.16 the side channel on the right bank of the Vistula
25 Kłudzie – ferry 51o 9′17.90″N 21o46′46.02″E 6 88.0

density and shell length measured in 2016 and shown in Fig. 4.

 ± 11.93 the left bank, gravel bottom, Corbicula in sand under a layer of gravel and small stones
26 Nasiłów – ferry 51o21′11.56″N 21o58′55.90″E 3 September 2016 3 September 2016 24.0

density and shell length measured in 2016 and shown in Fig. 4.

 ± 4.15 sandbar on the left bank of the Vistula
27 Puławy 51o24′38.38″N 21o56′33.03″E 2.8

density and shell length measured in 2016 and shown in Fig. 4.

 ± 1.72 the left bank of the Vistula at the groyne field, sandy bottom
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