TLR4 polymorphisms seem not to be associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes but predispose to diabetic retinopathy; TLR4 polymorphisms in glucose continuum

American Diabetes Association. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care 33(Suppl 1), S62–S69, 2010.10.2337/dc10-S062Search in Google Scholar

Andrulionyte L, Peltola P, Chiasson JL, Laakso M, STOP-NIDDM Study Group. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of PPARD in combination with the Gly482Ser substitution of PGC-1A and the Pro12Ala substitution of PPARG2 predict the conversion from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes: the STOP-NIDDM trial. Diabetes 55, 2148–2152, 2006.10.2337/db05-1629Search in Google Scholar

Arbour NC, Lorenz E, Schutte BC, Zabner J, Kline JN, Jones M, Frees K, Watt JL, Schwartz DA. TLR4 mutations are associated with endotoxin hyporesponsiveness in humans. Nat Genet, 25, 187-191, 2000.10.1038/76048Search in Google Scholar

Bagarolli RA, Saad MJ, Saad ST. Toll-like receptor 4 and inducible nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms are associated with Type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 24, 192–198, 2010.10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2009.03.003Search in Google Scholar

Buraczynska M, Baranowicz-Gaszczyk I, Tarach J, Ksiazek A. Toll-like receptor 4 gene polymorphism and early onset of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Hum Immunol 70, 121–124, 2009.10.1016/j.humimm.2008.12.003Search in Google Scholar

Buraczynska M, Zukowski P, Ksiazek K, Wacinski P, Dragan M. The effect of toll-like receptor 4 gene polymorphism on vascular complications in type 2 diabetes patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 116, 7–13, 2016.10.1016/j.diabres.2016.04.002Search in Google Scholar

Cuda C, Badawi A, Karmali M, El-Sohemy A. Polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor 4 are associated with factors of the metabolic syndrome and modify the association between dietary saturated fat and fasting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Metabolism 60, 1131–1135, 2011.10.1016/j.metabol.2010.12.006Search in Google Scholar

Dasu MR, Devaraj S, Zhao L, Hwang DH, Jialal I. High glucose induces toll-like receptor expression in human monocytes: mechanism of activation. Diabetes 57, 3090–3098, 2008.10.2337/db08-0564Search in Google Scholar

Dasu MR, Devaraj S, Park S, Jialal I. Increased toll-like receptor (TLR) activation and TLR ligands in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes Care 33, 861–868, 2010.10.2337/dc09-1799Search in Google Scholar

Devaraj S, Dasu MR, Rockwood J, Winter W, Griffen SC, Jialal I. Increased toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 expression in monocytes from patients with type 1 diabetes: further evidence of a proinflammatory state. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93, 578–583, 2008.10.1210/jc.2007-2185Search in Google Scholar

Fernandez-Real JM, Gutierrez C, Ricart W, Casamitjana R, Fernandez-Castaner M, Vendrell J, Richart C, Soler J. The TNFalpha gene Nco I polymorphism influences the relationship among insulin resistance, percent body fat, and increased serum leptin levels. Diabetes 46, 1468–1472, 1997.10.2337/diabetes.46.9.1468Search in Google Scholar

Ferwerda B, McCall MB, Verheijen K, Kullberg BJ, van der Ven AJ, Van der Meer JW, Netea MG. Functional consequences of toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms. Mol Med 14, 346–352, 2008.10.2119/2007-00135.FerwerdaSearch in Google Scholar

Festa A, D’Agostino R, Howard G, Mykkanen L, Tracey RP, Haffner SM. Chronic subclinical inflammation as part of the insulin resistance syndrome: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Circulation 101, 42–47, 2000.10.1161/01.CIR.102.1.42Search in Google Scholar

Forbes JM, Cooper ME. Mechanisms of diabetic complications. Physiol Rev 93, 137–188, 2013.10.1152/physrev.00045.2011Search in Google Scholar

He C, Sun Y, Ren X, Lin Q, Hu X, Huang X, Su SB, Liu Y, Liu X. Angiogenesis mediated by toll-like receptor 4 in ischemic neural tissue. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 33, 330–338, 2013.10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300679Search in Google Scholar

Hoffstedt J, Andersson IL, Persson L, Isaksson B, Arner P. The common −675 4G/5G polymorphism in the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene is strongly associated with obesity. Diabetologia 45, 584–587, 2002.10.1007/s00125-001-0774-5Search in Google Scholar

Illig T, Bongardt F, Schopfer A, Holle R, Muller S, Rathmann W, Koenig W, Meisinger C, Wichmann HE, Kolb H; KORA Study Group. The endotoxin receptor TLR4 polymorphism is not associated with diabetes or components of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes 52, 2861–2864, 2003.10.2337/diabetes.52.11.2861Search in Google Scholar

Illig T, Bongardt F, Schopfer A, Muller-Scholze S, Rathmann W, Koenig W, Thorand B, Vollmert C, Holle R, Kolb H, Herder C; Kooperative Gesundheitsforschung im Raum Augsburg/Cooperative Research in the Region of Augsburg. Significant association of the interleukin-6 gene polymporphism C-174G and A-598G with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89, 5053–5058, 2004.10.1210/jc.2004-0355Search in Google Scholar

Kawasaki T, Kawai T. Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Front Immunol 5, 461, 2014.10.3389/fimmu.2014.00461Search in Google Scholar

Kolek MJ, Carlquist JF, Muhlestein JB, Whiting BM, Horne BD, Bair TL, Anderson JL. Toll-like receptor 4 gene Asp299Gly polymorphism is associated with reductions in vascular inflammation, angiographic coronary artery disease, and clinical diabetes. Am Heart J 148, 1034–1040, 2004.10.1016/j.ahj.2004.05.049Search in Google Scholar

Long H, O’Connor BP, Zemans RL, Zhou X, Yang IV, Schwartz DA. The Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphism Asp-299Gly but not Thr399Ile influences TLR4 signaling and function. PLoS One 9, e93550, 2014.10.1371/journal.pone.0093550Search in Google Scholar

Maldonado-Bernal C, Trejo-de la O A, Sanchez-Contreras ME, Wacher-Rodarte N, Torres J, Cruz M. Low frequency of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 gene polymorphisms in Mexican patients and their association with type 2 diabetes. Int J Immunogenet 38, 519–523, 2011.10.1111/j.1744-313X.2011.01035.xSearch in Google Scholar

Manolakis AC, Kapsoritakis AN, Tiaka EK, Sidiropoulos A, Gerovassili A, Satra M, Vamvakopoulou D, Tsiopoulos F, Papanas N, Skoularigis I, Potamianos SP, Vamvakopoulos N. TLR4 gene polymorphisms: evidence for protection against type 2 diabetes but not for diabetes-associated ischaemic heart disease. Eur J Endocrinol 165, 261–267, 2011.10.1530/EJE-11-0280Search in Google Scholar

Miller SA, Dykes DD, Polesky HF. A Simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells. Nucleic Acids Res 16, 1215, 1998.10.1093/nar/16.3.1215Search in Google Scholar

Noreen M, Shah MA, Mall SM, Choudhary S, Hussain T, Ahmed I, Jalil SF, Raza MI. TLR4 polymorphisms and disease susceptibility. Inflamm Res 61, 177–188, 2012.10.1007/s00011-011-0427-1Search in Google Scholar

Nyati KK, Prasad KN, Verma A, Singh AK, Rizwan A, Sinha S, Paliwal VK, Pradhan S. Association of TLR4 Asp-299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms with Guillain-Barre’ syndrome in Northern Indian population. J Neuroimmunol 218, 116–119, 2010.10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.10.018Search in Google Scholar

Ohto U, Yamakawa N, Akashi-Takamura S, Miyake K, Shimizu T. Structural analyses of human Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms D299G and T399I. J Biol Chem 287, 40611–40617, 2012.10.1074/jbc.M112.404608Search in Google Scholar

Rajamani, U, Jialal I. Hyperglycemia Induces Toll-like receptor-2 and -4 expression and activity in human microvascular retinal endothelial cells: implications for diabetic retinopathy. J Diabetes Res 2014, 790902, 2014.10.1155/2014/790902Search in Google Scholar

Rosmond R, Chagnon M, Bouchard C, Bjorntorp P. Increased abdominal obesity, insulin and glucose levels in nondiabetic subjects with a T29C polymorphism of the transforming growth factor-beta1 gene. Horm Res 59, 191–194, 2003.10.1159/000069323Search in Google Scholar

Rudofsky G Jr, Reismann P, Witte S, Humpert PM, Isermann B, Chavakis T, Tafel J, Nosikov VV, Hamann A, Nawroth P, Bierhaus A. Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile genotypes of the TLR4 gene are associated with a reduced prevalence of diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 27, 179–183, 2004.10.2337/diacare.27.1.179Search in Google Scholar

Salz DA, Witkin AJ. Imaging in diabetic retinopathy. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 22, 145–150, 2015.10.4103/0974-9233.151887Search in Google Scholar

Shi H, Kokoeva MV, Inouye K, Tzameli I, Yin H, Flier JS. TLR4 links innate immunity and fatty acid-induced insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 116, 3015–3025, 2006.10.1172/JCI28898Search in Google Scholar

Spranger J, Kroke A, Mohlig M, Hoffman K, Bergman MM, Ristow M, Boeing H, Pfeiffer AF. Inflammatory cytokines and the risk to develop type 2 diabetes: results of the prospective population-based European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) - Potsdam study. Diabetes 52, 812–817, 2003.10.2337/diabetes.52.3.812Search in Google Scholar

Steinhardt AP, Aranguren F, Tellechea ML, Gomez Rosso LA, Brites FD, Martinez-Larrad MT, Serrano-Rios M, Frechtel GD, Taverna MJ. A functional nonsynonymous toll-like receptor 4 gene polymorphism is associated with metabolic syndrome, surrogates of insulin resistance, and syndromes of lipid accumulation. Metabolism 59, 711–717, 2010.10.1016/j.metabol.2009.09.015Search in Google Scholar

Weintrob N, Amitay I, Lilos P, Shalitin S, Lazar L, Josefsberg Z. Bedside neuropathy disability score compared to quantitative sensory testing for measurement of diabetic neuropathy in children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 21, 13–19, 2007.10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2005.11.002Search in Google Scholar

Weyrich P, Staiger H, Stancakova A, Machicao F, Machann J, Schick F, Stefan N, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Schafer S, Fritsche A, Haring HU. The D299G/T399I Toll-like receptor 4 variant associates with body and liver fat: results from the TULIP and METSIM Studies. PLoS One 5, e13980, 2010.10.1371/journal.pone.0013980Search in Google Scholar

Wolford JK, Gruber JD, Ossowski VM, Vozarova B, Antonio Tataranni P, Bogardus C, Hanson RL. A C-reactive protein promoter polymorphism is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians. Mol Genet Metab 78, 136–144, 2003.10.1016/S1096-7192(02)00230-5Search in Google Scholar

Yang Z, Chen R, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Hong T, Sun F, Ji L, Zhan S. Scoring systems to screen for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3, CD010974, 2014.10.1002/14651858.CD010974Search in Google Scholar

Yin YW, Wang Q, Sun QQ, Hu AM, Liu HL. Toll-like receptor 4 gene Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of 15,059 subjects. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 107, 338–347, 2015.10.1016/j.diabres.2015.01.008Search in Google Scholar