Open Access

Spatial Distribution of BTEX and Inorganic Pollutants During Summer Season in Yalova, Turkey


Cite

[1] Briggs DJ, Collins S, Elliott P, Fischer P, Kingham S, Lebret E. Mapping urban air pollution using GIS: a regression based approach. Int J Geogr Inf Sci. 1997;11:699-718. DOI: 10.1080/136588197242158.10.1080/136588197242158Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[2] Cooper O, Parrish D, Stohl A, Trainer M, Nédélec P, Thouret V, et al. Increasing springtime ozone mixing ratios in the free troposphere over western North America. Nature. 2010;463:344-348. DOI: 10.1038/nature08708.10.1038/08708Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[3] Gilge S, Plass-Duelmer C, Fricke W, Kaiser A, Ries L, Buchmann B, et al. Ozone, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides time series at four alpine GAW mountain stations in central Europe. Atmos Chem Phys. 2010;10:12295-12316. DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-12295-2010.10.5194/acp-10-12295-2010Search in Google Scholar

[4] Tecer LH, Tagil S. Impact of urbanization on local air quality: differences in urban and rural areas of Balikesir, Turkey. Clean. 2014;42(11):1489-1499. DOI: 10.1002/clen.201200640.10.1002/clen.201200640Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[5] Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 208 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:152:0001:0044:EN:PDF.Search in Google Scholar

[6] World Health Organization (WHO) Burden of disease from Ambient Air Pollution for 2012. Description of method Version 1.3. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014, http://www.who.int/phe/health_topics/outdoorair/databases/HAP_BoD_results_March2014.pdf.Search in Google Scholar

[7] Vardoulakis S, Gonzales-Flesca N, Fisher BEA, Pericleous K. Spatial variability of air pollution in the vicinity of a permanent monitoring station in central Paris. Atmos Environ. 2005;39(15):2725-2736. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.067.10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.067Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[8] Wheeler A, Smith-Dorion M, Xu X, Gilbert N, Brook J. Intro-urban variability of air pollution in Windsor, Ontario-measurement and modelling for human exposure. Assess Environ Res. 2008;106:7-16. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2007.09.004.10.1016/j.envres.2007.09.004Search in Google Scholar

[9] Olszowski T. Seasonal values of the gaseous concentrations of air quality ratings in a rural area. Ecol Chem Eng S. 2013;20(4):719-732. DOI: 10.2478/eces-2013-0050.10.2478/eces-2013-0050Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[10] Olszowski T, Kłos A. The impact of candle burning during All Saints’ Day ceremonies on ambient alkyl-substituted benzene concentrations. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2013;91:588-594. DOI: 10.1007/s00128-013-1104-6.10.1007/s00128-013-1104-6Search in Google Scholar

[11] Li L, Losser T, Yorke C, Piltner R. Fast inverse distance weighting-based spatiotemporal interpolation: A web-based application of interpolating daily fine particulate matter PM2.5 in the Contiguous U.S. using parallel programming and k-d tree. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014;11:9101-9141. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110909101.10.3390/ijerph110909101Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[12] Phillips DL, Tingey DT, Lee EH, Herstrom AA, Hogsett WE. Use of auxiliary data for spatial interpolation of ozone exposure in southeastern forests. Environmetrics. 1997;8(1):43-61. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-095X(199701)8:1<43::AID-ENV237>3.0.CO;2-G.10.1002/(SICI)1099-095X(199701)8:1<43::AID-ENV237>3.0.CO;2-Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[13] Feng L, Ye B, Feng H, Ren F, Huang S, Zhang X, et al. Spatiotemporal changes in fine particulate matter pollution and the associated mortality burden in China between 2015 and 2016. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017;14:1321. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14111321.10.3390/ijerph14111321Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[14] Kethireddy SR, Tchounwou PB, Ahmad HA, Yerramilli A, Young JH. Geospatial interpolation and mapping of tropospheric ozone pollution using geostatistics. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014;11:983-1000. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110100983.10.3390/ijerph110100983Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[15] Myers DE. Interpolation and estimation with spatially located data. Chemometr Intell Lab. 1991;11:209-228. DOI: 10.1016/0169-7439(91)85001-6.10.1016/0169-7439(91)85001-6Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[16] Ikechukwu MN, Ebinne E, Idorenyin U, Raphael NI. Accuracy assessment and comparative analysis of IDW, spline and kriging in spatial interpolation of landform (Topography): An experimental study. J Geographic Informat System. 2017;9:354-371. DOI: 10.4236/jgis.2017.93022.10.4236/jgis.2017.93022Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[17] Smith TB, Smith N, Weleber RG. Comparison of nonparametric methods for static visual field interpolation. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2017;55(1):117-126. DOI: 10.1007/s11517-016-1485-x.10.1007/s11517-016-1485-x522290327106755Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[18] Vicente-Serrano SM, Saz-Sánchez MA, Cuadrat JM. Comparative analysis of interpolation methods in the middle Ebro Valley (Spain): application to annual precipitation and temperature. Clim Res. 2003;24:161-180. DOI: 10.3354/cr024161.10.3354/cr024161Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[19] Lee J, Wong D. Statistical Analysis with ArcView GIS. New York: John Wiley Sons. Inc; 2005. ISBN: 978-0-471-46899-8.Search in Google Scholar

[20] Lu H, Cai QY, Wen S, Chi Y, Guo S, Sheng G, et al. Carbonyl compounds and BTEX in the special rooms of hospitals in Guangzhou, China. J Hazard Mater. 2010;178:673-679. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.138.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.13820181426Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[21] Toxicity Criteria Database, Cal/EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, OEHHA Toxicity Criteria Database. http://www.oehha.ca.gov/risk/ChemicalDB/index.asp, 2009.Search in Google Scholar

[22] Kyle AD, Wright CC, Caldwell JC, Buffler PA, Woodruff TJ. Evaluating the health significance of hazardous air pollutants using monitoring data. Public Health Rep. 2001;16:32-44. DOI: 10.1093/phr/116.1.32.10.1093/phr/116.1.32149728911571406Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[23] Tecer LH, Tagil S. Spatial and Temporal Variations of Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone Concentrations Assessment Using a GIS Based Geostatistical Approach in Balikesir, Turkey. 12th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference, www.sgem.org, SGEM2012 Conference Proceedings/ ISSN 1314-2704, June 17-23 2012;4:411-418. DOI: 10.5593/SGEM2012/S17.V4023.10.5593/sgem2012/s17.v4023Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[24] Wong DW, Yuan L, Perlin SA. Comparison of spatial interpolation methods for the estimation of air quality data. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2004;14(5):404-415. DOI: 10.1038/sj.jea.7500338.10.1038/sj.jea.750033815361900Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[25] Anselin L, Syabri I, Kho Y. GeoDa: an introduction to spatial data analysis. Geogr Anal. 2006;38:5-22. DOI: 10.1111/j.0016-7363.2005.00671.x.10.1111/j.0016-7363.2005.00671.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

[26] Anselin L. Local indicators of association-LISA. Geogr Anal. 1995;27:93-115. DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x.10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

[27] Getis A, Ord JK. The analysis of spatial association by use of distance statistics. Geogr Anal. 1992;24(3):189-206. DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1992.tb00261.x.10.1111/j.1538-4632.1992.tb00261.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

[28] Lee SC, Chiu MY, Ho KF, Zou SC, Wang XM. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in urban atmosphere of Hong Kong. Atmos Environ. 2002;48:375-382. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00040-1.10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00040-1Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[29] Hsieh LT, Yang HH, Chen HW. Ambient BTEX and MTBE in the neighborhoods of different industrial parks in Southern Taiwan. J Hazard Mater. 2006;128:106-115. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.08.001.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.08.001Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[30] Pekey B, Ozaslan U. Spatial distribution of SO2, NO2, and O3 concentrations in an industrial City of Turkey using a passive sampling method. Clean. 2013;41:423-428. DOI: 10.1002/clen.201200172.10.1002/clen.201200172Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[31] Hoque RR, Khillare PS, Agarwal T, Shridhar V, Balachandran S. Spatial and temporal variation of BTEX in the urban atmosphere of Delhi, India. Sci Total Environ. 2008;392:30-40. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.08.036.10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.08.036Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[32] Gelencsér A, Siszler K, Hlavay J. Toluene-benzene concentration ratio as a tool for characterizing the distance from vehicular emission sources. Environ Sci Technol. 1997;31:2869-2872. DOI: 10.1021/es970004c.10.1021/es970004cOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

[33] Liu PWG, Yao YC, Tsai JH, Hsu YC, Chang LP, Chang KH. Source impacts by volatile organic compounds in an industrial city of southern Taiwan. Sci Total Environ. 2008;398(13):154-163. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.02.053.10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.02.053Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[34] Monod A, Sive BC, Avino P, Chen T, Blake DB, Rowland FS. Monoaromatic compounds in ambient air of various cities: a focus on correlations between the xylenes and ethylbenzene. Atmos Environ. 2001;35:135-149. DOI: 10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00274-0.10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00274-0Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[35] Truc VTQ, Oanh NTK. Roadside BTEX and other gaseous air pollutants in relation to emission sources. Atmos Environ. 2007;41:7685-7697. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.06.003.10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.06.003Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[36] Yurdakul S, Civan M, Tunce G. Volatile organic compounds in suburban Ankara atmosphere, Turkey: sources and variability. Atmos Res. 2013;120-121:298-311. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.09.015.10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.09.015Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[37] Zalel A, Broday DM. Revealing source signatures in ambient BTEX concentrations. Environ Pollut. 2008;156(2):553-562. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.01.016.10.1016/j.envpol.2008.01.01618289752Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[38] Mehta D, Nguyen A, Montenegro A, Li ZA. Kinetic study of the reaction of OH with xylenes using the relative rate/discharge flow/mass spectrometry technique. J Phys Chem. 2009;113(46):12942-12951. DOI: 10.1021/jp905074j.10.1021/jp905074j19831371Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[39] Council Directive 96/62/EC of 27 September 1996 on ambient air quality assessment and management. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/consleg/1996/L/01996L0062-20031120-en.pdf.Search in Google Scholar

[40] Itano Y, Bandow H, Takenaka N, Saitoh Y, Asayama A, Fukuyama J. Impact of NOx reduction on long-term ozone trends in an urban atmosphere. Sci Total Environ. 2007;379:46-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.079.10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.07917451788Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[41] Zabalza J, Ogulei D, Elustondo D, Santamaría JM, Alastuey A, Querol X, et al. Study of urban atmospheric pollution in Navarre (Northern Spain). Environ Monit Assess. 2007;134:137-151. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-007-9605-6.10.1007/s10661-007-9605-617294277Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[42] Saborit JMD, Cano VJE. Field comparison of passive samplers versus UV-photometric analyser to measure surface ozone in a Mediterranean area. J Environ Monit. 2007;9:610-615. DOI: 10.1039/B618075B.10.1039/B618075Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[43] Keuken M, Roemer M, van den Elshout S. Trend analysis of urban NO2 concentrations and the importance of direct NO2 emissions versus ozone/NOx equilibrium. Atmos Environ. 2009;43:4780-4783. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.07.043.10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.07.043Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[44] Wolff GT, Korsog PE. Ozone control strategies based on the ration of volatile organic compounds to nitrogen oxides. J Air Waste Manage Assoc. 1992;42:1173-1177. DOI: 10.1080/10473289.1992.10467064.10.1080/10473289.1992.10467064Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

eISSN:
1898-6196
Language:
English