Climatic Determinants of Changes in the Ice Regime of Carpathian Rivers
Maksymilian Fukś
Department of Geoenvironmental Research, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of SciencesKrakow, Poland
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and Łukasz Wiejaczka
Department of Geoenvironmental Research, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of SciencesKrakow, Poland
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Mar 15, 2025
About this article
Published Online: Mar 15, 2025
Page range: 131 - 143
Received: Jan 09, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/quageo-2025-0009
Keywords
© 2025 Maksymilian Fukś et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Trend (1980–2020) and percentage change in the number of days with ice cover during the period 2001–2020 compared to the period 1980–2000 by month_
| Station code | % change in 2001–2020 compared to 1980–2000 | Trend [days per decade] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nov | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Winter | ||
| H1 | –94.9 | –38.8 | –23.5 | –37.1 | –30.0 | –36.4 | –11.1 |
| H2 | –93.5 | –30.3 | –14.1 | –25.2 | –15.0 | –25.8 | –8.9 |
| H3 | –54.3 | 0.7 | 16.6 | 5.0 | 15.7 | 4.9 | –3.0 |
| H4 | –73.8 | –9.6 | 4.4 | –12.3 | 0.0 | –7.0 | –4.1 |
| H5 | –67.6 | –5.3 | –5.0 | –14.9 | –19.3 | –13.1 | –6.7 |
| H6 | –84.5 | –8.5 | 3.7 | 11.2 | 24.5 | –0.6 | –0.8 |
| H7 | –95.2 | –28.1 | 2.8 | –17.7 | –1.4 | –16.5 | –5.0 |
| H8 | –75.9 | –29.8 | –5.3 | –34.5 | –20.8 | –25.4 | –9.0 |
| H9 | –96.6 | –33.7 | –8.7 | –27.1 | –42.7 | –27.2 | –8.5 |
| H10 | –83.3 | –24.9 | –10.9 | –21.8 | –32.5 | –23.0 | –11.3 |
| H11 | –80.7 | 5.9 | –2.3 | –29.2 | –2.3 | –14.2 | –4.9 |
| H12 | –67.3 | –23.4 | –13.0 | –29.8 | –32.1 | –27.0 | –11.4 |
| H13 | –61.0 | –12.9 | –5.9 | –17.7 | –39.5 | –20.4 | –9.6 |
Trends in average air temperature over the period 1980–2020 in the study area_
| Station code/dataset | Trend [°C per decade] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nov | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Winter | |
| CRU-TS | 0.76 |
0.40 | 0.21 | 0.63 | 0.62 |
0.47 |
| C1 | 0.87 |
0.34 | 0.16 | 0.69 | 0.44 | 0.41 |
| C2 | 0.55 |
0.26 | 0.10 | 0.61 | 0.23 | 0.31 |
| C3 | 0.74 |
0.40 | 0.21 | 0.68 | 0.24 | 0.40 |
| C4 | 0.71 |
0.13 | 0.50 | 0.92 |
0.40 | 0.47 |
| C5 | 0.79 |
0.19 | 0.23 | 0.64 | 0.21 | 0.37 |
| C6 | 0.85 |
0.43 | 0.44 | 0.67 |
0.38 | 0.49 |
| C7 | 0.85 |
0.44 | 0.38 | 0.76 |
0.26 | 0.49 |
Trends in water temperature at gauging stations_
| Station code | Trend [°C per decade] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nov | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Winter | |
| H4 | 1.00 |
0.09 | –0.06 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.22 |
| H5 | 0.76 |
0.47 |
0.22 |
0.27 |
0.39 |
0.46 |
| H8 | 0.80 |
0.26 |
0.06 | 0.16 |
0.29 |
0.34 |
| H9 | 0.85 |
0.37 |
0.04 | 0.10 |
0.66 |
0.42 |
Trends in discharge at gauging stations_
| Station code | Trend [m3 s−1 per decade] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nov | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Winter | |
| H1 | 0.80 | 0.19 | 0.45 | 1.33 |
0.90 | 0.73 |
| H2 | 0.14 | –0.15 | 0.05 | 0.72 |
0.23 | 0.14 |
| H3 | 0.15 | –0.09 | 0.09 | 0.82 | 0.17 | 0.20 |
| H4 | 0.13 | –0.16 | 0.26 | 1.62 |
–0.31 | 0.11 |
| H5 | 1.08 |
0.11 | 0.47 | 1.17 |
0.55 | 0.74 |
| H6 | –0.01 | –0.18 | –0.22 | 0.32 | –0.60 | –0.23 |
| H7 | 0.04 | –0.17 | –0.19 | 0.89 |
–0.65 | –0.03 |
| H8 | 0.04 | 0.02 | –0.03 | 0.55 |
–0.28 | 0.03 |
| H9 | 1.42 | 0.05 | 0.69 | 2.68 |
1.10 | 1.24 |
| H10 | 1.14 |
0.20 | 0.43 | 1.83 |
0.68 | 0.98 |
| H11 | 0.00 | –0.25 | 0.15 | 0.82 |
–0.07 | 0.20 |
| H12 | 0.23 | –0.16 | 0.78 |
0.93 |
0.74 | 0.55 |
| H13 | 0.73 | 0.12 | 0.77 |
1.53 |
1.43 |
1.09 |