Featured Data Sources and Normalised Indices of Use in Small Arctic Catchment Research
Aleksandra Wołoszyn
Alfred Jahn Cold Regions Research Centre, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Environmental Management, University ofWrocław, Poland
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Feb 27, 2024
About this article
Published Online: Feb 27, 2024
Page range: 257 - 266
Received: Nov 08, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/quageo-2024-0015
Keywords
© 2024 Aleksandra Wołoszyn, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Examples of potential data sources for polar studies based on Svalbard_
| Data provider | Type of product/ device | Start | Stop | Sensors | Repeat coverage [days] | Resolution | Extra information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NPI | Aerial photos | 1936 | 1938 | Panchromatic film | NA | 18 × 18 cm film |
NPI dataset |
| NPI | Aerial photos | 1960 | 1961 | Panchromatic film | NA | 1,270 dpi or 1,800 dpi (NPI aerial image archive) | NPI aerial image archive – available for purchase |
| NPI | Orthophotomap | 2008 | 2012 | NA | 40 cm | The orthophotomap is freely available as WMS or WMTS in NPI dataset | |
| USGS | CORONA (KH-1 to KH-4B) | 1959 | 1972 | 1.8–7.7 m | From KH-4, thanks to panchromatic cameras, it is possible for DEM |
||
| USGS | Landsat 1 | 23.07.1972 | 6.01.1978 | RBV, MSS | 18 | 80 m | |
| USGS | Landsat 2 | 22.01.1975 | 5.02.1982 | RBV, MSS | 18 | 80 m | |
| USGS | Landsat 3 | 5.03.1978 | 31.03.1983 | RBV, MSS | 18 | 80 m | |
| USGS | Landsat 4 | 16.07.1982 | 15.06.2001 | TM, MSS | 16 | 30 m/80 m | |
| USGS | Landsat 5 | 1.03.1984 | 01.2013 | TM, MSS | 16 | 30 m/80 m | |
| USGS | Landsat 7 | 15.04.1999 | 2022 | ETM+ | 16 | 15 m/ 30 m/ 80 m | Error in scan line corrector (May 2003, |
| USGS | Landsat 8 | 11.02.2013 | Still operating | OLI, TIRS | 16 | 15 m/30 m | |
| USGS | Landsat 9 | 27.09.2021 | Still operating | OLI-2, TIRS-2 | 16 (overlap with L8) | 15 m/30 m | |
| ESA | Sentinel 1A | 3.04.2014 | Still operating | SAR | 6 | Radar imaging | |
| ESA | Sentinel IB | 25.04.2016 | 2022 | ||||
| ESA | Sentinel 2A | 23.06.2015 | Still operating | MSI | 5 | 10 m/ 20 m/ 60 m | Multispectral high-resolution imaging |
| ESA | Sentinel 2B | 7.03.2017 | |||||
| ESA | Sentinel 3 A | 16.02.2016 | Still operating | The SLSTR, The ocean and land colour instrument, SAR | 27 | Multi-instrument | |
| ESA | Sentinel 3B | 25.04.2018 |
Assignment of spectral bands to satellite individual bands_
| MSS | TM | ETM+ | OLI and TIRS | Sentinel-2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Red | L1–L3 (Band 5), L4–L5 (Band 2) | Band 3 | Band 3 | Band 4 | Band 4 |
| Green | L1–L3 (Band 4), L4–L5 (Band 1) | Band 2 | Band 2 | Band 3 | Band 3 |
| Blue | NA | Band 1 | Band 1 | Band 2 | Band 2 |
| NIR | L1–L3 (Band 6 and 7), L4–L5 (Band 3 and 4) | Band 4 | Band 4 | Band 5 | Band 8 |
| SWIR1 | NA | Band 5 | Band 5 | Band 6 | Band 11 |
| SWIR2 | NA | Band 7 | Band 7 | Band 7 | Band 12 |
| TIR (TIRS 1 and TIRS 2) | NA | Band 6 | Band 6 | Band 10 – TIRS 1 Band 11 – TIRS 2 | NA |
| PAN panchromatic | NA | NA | Band 8 | Band 8 | NA |
| Cirrus | NA | NA | NA | Band 9 | NA |
| Coastal aerosol | NA | NA | NA | Band 1 | NA |