<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The object of the study is the problem of the ongoing epidemic, which affects the entire society and many fields of activity. Using associative logic, I focused on the approach which states that development based on ecology cannot be learned at school as the key of development is awareness. I presented the topic examining the social factors in three time period sections (Reorganization 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0), and I analysed it using historical sources as well as my previous studies referring to village research.</abstract>

When Our Space Closes, It Opens Our Minds

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The necessity of operational urban development becomes obvious if we intend to respond with a planned urban development to the challenges posed by an environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable urbanization. We all know the means necessary to enable operational urban development, the ones making planned urban development possible in the most developed founding Member States of the EU as well as in Central Europe – the region of the former ‘Mitteleuropa’. Operational urban development needs to be fully consistent with its objective in a constantly changing public policy, market, economic, and social environment while also being guided by the current local conditions, which is why improving and developing its toolbox and methodology according to scientific standards is an ongoing task. In terms of the evolution of this process, the culture ensuring its control is a crucial factor, wherefore not only the existing toolbox and methodology, serving as its subject, is worth investigating but the very historical foundation it relies on. Indeed, this is a factor that, even despite an uncertain public policy and social environment, can prove conclusively that operational urban development, acting as a prerequisite for a conscious and planned urban development, is possible not merely because there is an established and rich toolbox in place in the most developed Western European EU Member States, which has been functioning continuously and efficiently since the end of World War II and which has, since 1990, increasingly provided for the reintegrating countries of Central Europe too, allowing for adaptation to the local conditions, but it is also possible because what we call in today's terms operational urban development is not some questionable practice of uncertain past but is nearly as ancient as the present-day European civilization with thousands of years of history, taken root in the wake of the Greek, Roman, Jewish, and Christian cultures – and this statement holds true not only for the most developed and richest countries but for those of Central Europe as well. The activity known today by the name of operational urban development already yielded some results in the past without which our cities would not be the same. This is not just the case in Western Europe but also in Central Europe. The mainstream of the European history of operational urban development that can be identified in connection with Italy, France, Germany, Spain, and England is a better-known and internationally more addressed topic in the literature even if it does not emerge in public awareness directly by this name but as a phenomenon integrated in other dimensions of the history of urbanism and architecture, the history of ideas, engineering, history, and geography. At the same time, although the turning points in its Central European history are increasingly present in scientific publications, the latter is still awaiting substantive treatment. In the above-specified context, the present study aims to facilitate this European cognitive process focused on Central Europe for ‘the history of science is science itself’.</abstract>

Doctoral School of Public Administration Sciences

Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania

A Few Chapters of the Earlier History of Operational Urban Development in Central Europe

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The modern and independent State of Israel celebrated the seventieth anniversary of its proclamation of independence in 2018. Besides this landmark anniversary, the remarkable development of Israel's image in the past decade was also a cause for celebration. Nowadays, many people around the world consider Israel as a start-up nation, the stronghold of innovation and risk capital, and the home of outstanding researchers and research organizations – or at least people have this association. In recent years, the ‘industry of peace’, tourism has also undergone significant expansion in the country. This has not always been the case in the past – the change is the result of conscious efforts, which is primarily attributed to the real successes of the economic structure and secondarily to controlled positioning and country branding activity. How could this positive country brand of a ‘start-up nation’ and the ‘land of creation and creativity’ be created? How can it be that many people consider Israel as a country with vibrant, colourful, rich metropolises, the cradle of innovative enterprises, millions of USD in capital investment and world-changing patents instead of a powder keg and the Arab–Israeli conflict?The methodology to analyse the topic is based on an examination of relevant literature and in-depth interviews conducted by the authors in Israel, involving a synthesis of interviews with the important figures of the innovation ecosystem and organizations involved in country branding. The present article aims to describe the branding ecosystem of Israel, introduce its main actors and activities in order to pave the way for future in-depth research.</abstract>

Faculty of Business, Communication and Tourism

‘Land of Creation’: The Position, Brand Owners, and Contributors for Israel's Branding

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Migration to Scandinavia has taken place quite similarly in Sweden and Denmark since the Second World War. However, from the 1980s onwards, Sweden and Denmark have become increasingly dissimilar in terms of migration policy, which went hand in hand with education policy for newcomers. Mother tongue instruction for newcomers may improve the process of integration and social cohesion; nevertheless, this is provided for differently in Sweden and Denmark. This study takes into account different social dynamics in order to research what the position of mother tongue instruction is in policy documents and media discourse in both Sweden and Denmark, to determine what the effects of mother tongue instruction are, and subsequently to figure out what is necessary to find the balance between mobility and inclusion – all these for creating further social cohesion and avoiding segregation.</abstract>

Between Mobility and Inclusion: The Position of Mother Tongue Instruction in Sweden and Denmark

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The Carpathian Basin (or Pannonian Basin) is the south-eastern part of Central Europe, its geopolitical place being defined by geography (it is placed between the Eastern Alps, the Dinaric Alps, and the Carpathian Mountains) and from historical point of view by the fact that its core region was ruled for many centuries by the Hungarian Kingdom and the Habsburg Monarchy, and the neighbouring states aimed to extend their territories in the basin reducing the central role of the basin from the margins. The changes of the spatial domination in the Carpathian Basin created several centre–periphery relations, which established, through a <italic>longue durée</italic>, specific social features in some border regions of the Carpathian Basin. This paper examines from the viewpoint of limology (border studies) three frontier regions of the basin, Spiš, Székely Land, and Banat, and investigates the historical process of the regional construction in order to ascertain what circumstances helped or blocked these periphery constructions.</abstract>

The Boundaries of the Carpathian Basin – Frontiers and Regions

The Future of Hungary in the New International Order after World War II

Partium – Borders, Ethnic Groups and Territorial Development

AHEAD OF PRINT

Volume 22 (2022): Issue 1 (December 2022)

Volume 21 (2022): Issue 1 (November 2022)

Volume 20 (2021): Issue 1 (December 2021)

Volume 19 (2021): Issue 1 (November 2021)

Volume 18 (2020): Issue 1 (December 2020)

Volume 17 (2020): Issue 1 (October 2020)

Volume 16 (2019): Issue 1 (December 2019)

Volume 15 (2019): Issue 1 (November 2019)

Volume 14 (2018): Issue 1 (December 2018)

Volume 13 (2018): Issue 1 (December 2018)

Volume 12 (2017): Issue 1 (December 2017)

Volume 11 (2017): Issue 1 (September 2017)

Volume 10 (2016): Issue 1 (December 2016)

Volume 9 (2016): Issue 1 (October 2016)

Volume 8 (2015): Issue 1 (December 2015)

Volume 7 (2015): Issue 1 (August 2015)

Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, European and Regional Studies

Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, European and Regional Studies publishes original papers and surveys concerning the historical development, the economic, societal, political and philosophical dimensions of the European integration project. The European and Regional Studies series provides an independent forum for informed debate and discussion of European affairs.The printed and online versions of the papers are identical.  Why subscribe and read  Our journal publishes original and timely articles in the field of European and regional studies.  Why submit  Due to the multidisciplinary character of the European and regional studies, we accept articles from several fields. Besides this, publishing time is relatively short, providing so the topicality of the articles.  Rejection Rate   38%   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process.  Article Processing Charge (APC)  The journal does not have article processing charges (APCs) nor article submission charges. 