<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>The gastrointestinal (GI) tract contains the highest concentration of biogenic amines in the human body. Neurons located in the GI tract, modulated by biogenic amines and various peptide and non-peptide transmitters, are called Enteric Nervous System (ENS). That explains why many medications used in neurology and psychiatry present side effects from the gut. Serotonin (5-hyroxytrypatamine, 5-HT), 95% of which is synthesized in the gut, is the most important amine (beside epinephrine and norepinephrine) colon functionality but another substances such as histamine, dopamine and melatonin are also potent in modulating intestine’s actions. Over 30 receptors for 5-HT were described in the human body, and 5-HT3, 5-HT4 and 5-HT7 are known to have the highest influence on motility and are a potent target for the drugs for treatment GI disorders, such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). Histamine is a key biogenic amine for pathogenesis of allergy also in the colon. Alteration in histaminergic system is found in patients with diarrhea and allergic enteropathy. Dopamine affects functions of the large intestine but its modulating actions are more presented in the upper part of GI tract. Melatonin is best known for regulating circadian circle, but may also be a potent anti-inflammatory agent within the gut. Despite many years of research, it seems that more studies are needed to fully understand human colon neurochemistry.</p>
</abstract>

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract contains the highest concentration of biogenic amines in the human body. Neurons located in the GI tract, modulated by biogenic amines and various peptide and non-peptide transmitters, are called Enteric Nervous System (ENS). That explains why many medications used in neurology and psychiatry present side effects from the gut. Serotonin (5-hyroxytrypatamine, 5-HT), 95% of which is synthesized in the gut, is the most important amine (beside epinephrine and norepinephrine) colon functionality but another substances such as histamine, dopamine and melatonin are also potent in modulating intestine’s actions. Over 30 receptors for 5-HT were described in the human body, and 5-HT3, 5-HT4 and 5-HT7 are known to have the highest influence on motility and are a potent target for the drugs for treatment GI disorders, such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). Histamine is a key biogenic amine for pathogenesis of allergy also in the colon. Alteration in histaminergic system is found in patients with diarrhea and allergic enteropathy. Dopamine affects functions of the large intestine but its modulating actions are more presented in the upper part of GI tract. Melatonin is best known for regulating circadian circle, but may also be a potent anti-inflammatory agent within the gut. Despite many years of research, it seems that more studies are needed to fully understand human colon neurochemistry.

Biogenic amines in the colon

Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine

Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Aminy biogenne w jelicie grubym

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract contains the highest concentration of biogenic amines in the human body. Neurons located in the GI tract, modulated by biogenic...

Biogenic amines in the colon

Article Category: Review

Pubblicato online: 11 mar 2021

Pagine: 183 - 190

Ricevuto: 02 feb 2020

Accettato: 02 set 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.7954

Parole chiave
colon, gut, bowel, serotonin, dopamine, histamine, melatonin

© 2021 Miłosz Jastrzębski et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Biogenic amines in the colon

Article Category: Review

Pubblicato online: 11 mar 2021

Pagine: 183 - 190

Ricevuto: 02 feb 2020

Accettato: 02 set 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.7954

Parole chiavecolon, gut, bowel, serotonin, dopamine, histamine, melatonin

© 2021 Miłosz Jastrzębski et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Parole chiave
colon, gut, bowel, serotonin, dopamine, histamine, melatonin