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Association of lower vitamin a levels in neonates and their mothers with increased risk of neonatal late-onset sepsis: A case-control study

Farhad Abolhasan Choobdar
Farhad Abolhasan Choobdar
, 
Maral Ghassemzadeh
Maral Ghassemzadeh
, 
Fatemeh Aslanbeigi
Fatemeh Aslanbeigi
, 
Mohammad Attarian
Mohammad Attarian
, 
Leila Robatmeili
Leila Robatmeili
, 
Hanie Rahimian
Hanie Rahimian
, 
Behzad Haghighi Aski
Behzad Haghighi Aski
 e 
Ali Manafi Anari
Ali Manafi Anari
   | 22 feb 2023
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Article Category: Original articles
Pubblicato online: 22 feb 2023
Pagine: 78 - 86
Ricevuto: 19 mag 2022
Accettato: 02 dic 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34763/jmotherandchild.20222601.d-22-00023
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© 2022 Choobdar et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Evaluation of neonatal and maternal factors based on vitamin A status among the septic and non-septic neonates.

Variable Total neonatal Vitamin A P-value* total Vitamin A in septic group Vitamin A in non-septic group P-value* of average, group
μg/dl Average μg/dl Deficiency; n = 19 Normal; n = 1 Average μg/dl Deficiency; n = 5 Normal; n = 15
Gender Female 17.8 ± 10.4 μg/dl 0.428 13.7 ± 3.6 μg/dl 13 (92.9) 1 (7.1) 29.5 ± 14.5 μg/dl 0 (0) 5 (100) 0.002. 0.001
Male 20.2 ± 8.5 μg/dl 13.1 ± 2.7 μg/dl 6 (100) 0 (0) 23.1 ± 8.4 μg/dl 5 (33.3) 10 (66.7) 0.003, 0.012
APGAR score 6 – 7 14.9 ± 3.6 μg/dl 0.245 14.1 ± 3.3 μg/dl 5 (100) 0 (0) 19.2 μg/dl 1 (100) 0 (0) 0.143, -
8 – 9 19.8 ± 9.9 μg/dl 13.3 ± 3.4 μg/dl 14 (93.3) 1 (6.7) 25.0 ± 10.4 μg/dl 4 (21.1) 15 (78.9) <0.001, <0.001
Gestational age Term 17.4 ± 7.9 μg/dl 0.104 13.5 ± 3.5 μg/dl 14 (93.3) 1 (6.7) 22.3 ± 9.1 μg/dl 8 (66.7) 4 (33.3) 0.001, 0.003
Preterm 22.6 ± 11.6 μg/dl 13.5 ± 3.0 μg/dl 5 (100) 0 (0) 28.2 ± 11.4 μg/dl 1 (12.5) 7 (87.5) 0.003, 0.005
Feeding Formula 15.7 ± 4.9 μg/dl 0.266 13.2 ± 2.7 μg/dl 5 (100) 0 (0) 22.0 ± 2.5 μg/dl 0 (0) 2 (100) 0.053, 0.048
Breast feeding 18.1 ± 8.6 μg/dl 13.2 ± 3.5 μg/dl 9 (100) 0 (0) 22.1 ± 9.5 μg/dl 4 (36.4) 7 (63.6) 0.004, 0.005
Both 22.4 ± 11.8 μg/dl 14.2 ± 4.0 μg/dl 5 (83.3) 1 (16.7) 29.4 ± 11.8 μg/dl 1 (14.3) 6 (85.7) 0.004, 0.029
Mother vitamin A < 30 14.5 ± 4.6 μg/dl 0.022 12.9 ± 3.2 μg/dl 11 (100) 0 (0) 20.5 ± 4.3 μg/dl 1 (33.3) 2 (66.7) 0.035, 0.033
status ≥ 30 21.5 ± 10.4 μg/dl 14.2 ± 3.4 μg/dl 8 (88.9) 1 (11.1) 25.4 ± 10.9 μg/dl 4 (23.5) 13 (76.5) 0.001, 0.003
Neonatal birth weight < 2500 21.8 ± 11.5 μg/dl 0.211 12.0 ± 2.4 μg/dl 3 (27.3) 8 (72.7) 26.1 ± 11.3 μg/dl 2 (22.2) 7 (77.8) 0.005, 0.021
≥ 2500 17.8 μg/± dl 8.1 13.9 μg/± dl 3.5 15 (93.8) 1 (6.3) 23.5 μg/± dl 9.7 4 (100) 0 (0) 0.002, 0.001

Comparison of demographic and clinical features of neonates and their mothers among the septic and non-septic group

Variable Total; N = 40 Sepsis; n = 20 Non-septic; n = 20 P-value*
Neonate age (days); mean±SD (range) 4.7 ± 1.3 (3 – 7) 4.9 ± 1.3 (3 – 7) 4.5 ± 1.3 (3 – 7) 0.397
Mother age (years); mean±SD (range) 28.2 ± 4.5 (19 – 36) 27.9 ± 4.6 (19 – 34) 28.6 ± 4.3 (21 – 36) 0.625
Birth weight Average; mean±SD (range) 2717.0 ± 449.8 (1980 – 3600) 2850.0 ± 417.5 (2150 – 3600) 2584.0 ± 451.5 (1980 – 3600) 0.061
(grams) <2500; n (%) 13 (32.5) 4 (20.0) 9 (45.0)
≥ 2500; n (%) 27 (67.5) 16 (80.0) 11 (55.0) 0.091
Male 21 (52.5) 6 (30.0) 15 (75)
Gender; n (%) Female 19 (47.5) 14 (70.0) 5 (25.0) 0.004
Average mean±SD (years); (range) 37.1 ± 1.2 (35 – 39) 37.4 ± 1.0 (35.4 – 39.0) 36.9 ± 1.3 (35 – 39) 0.205
Gestational age Term; n (%) 27 (67.5) 15 (75.0) 12 (60.0)
Preterm; n (%) 13 (32.5) 5 (25.0) 8 (40.0) 0.311
Cause of Preterm labor pain 8 (20.0) 0 (0) 8 (40.0)
Prematurity; PROM 4 (10.0) 4 (20.0) 0 (0) 0.001
n (%) Preeclampsia 1 (2.5) 1 (5.0) 0 (0)
Average; (range) mean±SD 8.4 ± 0.8 (6 – 9) 8.15 ± 0.9 (6 – 9) 8.6 ± 0.6 (7 – 9) 0.116
APGAR 6 – 7; n (%) 6 (15.0) 5 (25.0) 1 (5.0)
8 – 9; n (%) 34 (85.0) 15 (75.0) 19 (95.0) 0.077
Admission cause; Icterus 20 (50.0) 0 (0) 20 (100) <0.001
n (%) Sepsis 10 (25.0) 10 (50.0) 0 (0)
Formula 7 (17.5) 5 (25.0) 2 (10.0)
Feeding; n (%) Breast feeding 20 (50.0) 9 (45.0) 11 (55.0) 0.458
Both 13 (32.5) 6 (30.0) 7 (35.0)
Delivery; n (%) C/Section 38 (95.0) 18 (90.0) 20 (100) 0.487
NVD 2 (5.0) 2 (10.0) 0 (0)
WBC count (103/μL) 19.9 ± 7.1 (7.3 – 31.6) 25.9 ± 3.5 (18.0 – 31.6) 13.9 ± 3.9 (7.3 – 20.0) <0.001
Neutrophil count (10 3/μL) 9.9 ± 5.5 (3.5 – 20.0) 14.4 ± 3.9 (7.3 – 20.0) 5.4 ± 2.1 (3.5 – 12.0) <0.001
Platelet count (103/ μL) 293.5 ± 122.5 (127.0 – 623) 262.2 ± 112.6 (127.0 – 623.0) 324.7 ± 126.9 (163.0 – 556.0) 0.108
CRP (mg/L) 8.7 ± 14.1 (1 – 87) 15.5 ± 17.5 (5.0 – 87.0) 1.9 ± 1.3 (1 – 5) 0.001
Neonates’ Vitamin Average; (range) mean±SD μg/dl 19.1 ± 9.4 μg/dl 13.5 ± 3.3 (9.5 – 21.0) μg/dl 24.7 ± 10.2 (11.6 – 54.9) μg/dl <0.001
A status Deficiency; < 30; n (%) 24 (60.0) 19 (95.0) 5 (25.0) <0.001
Normal; n ≥ 30 (%) 16 (40.0) 1 (5.0) 15 (75.0)
Average; (range) mean±SD 38.4 ± 16.5 30.3 ± 11.4 (15.0 – 50.0) μg/dl 46.5 ± 17.0 (21.0 – 98.4) μg/dl 0.001
Mother vitamin A μg/dl μg/dl
< 30; n (%) 14 (35.0) 11 (55.0) 3 (15.0)
≥ 30; n (%) 26 (65.0) 9 (45.0) 17 (85.0) 0.008
eISSN:
2719-535X
Lingua:
Inglese
Frequenza di pubblicazione:
Volume Open
Argomenti della rivista:
Medicine, Clinical Medicine, Pediatrics and Juvenile Medicine, Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Public Health
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