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Single and combined effects of dimethoate and malathion on oxidative stress biomarkers in the non-target freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha

Osman Serdar
Osman Serdar
, 
Numan Yildirim
Numan Yildirim
 e 
Nuran Cikcikoglu Yildirim
Nuran Cikcikoglu Yildirim
   | 09 ott 2023
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Article Category: Original research paper
Pubblicato online: 09 ott 2023
Pagine: 333 - 342
Ricevuto: 10 gen 2023
Accettato: 26 mag 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26881/oahs-2023.3.07
© 2023 Osman Serdar et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

The SOD activities in D. polymorpha after single and combined DI and MA exposure during 24 and 96 h. The asterisk (*) on the bar shows statistical differences between different exposure times (24, 96 h) in the same groups according to the independent t-test (*p < 0.05). Different letters (a, b, c, d, e) on the bar show statistical differences among all groups in the same exposure time according to Duncan’s multiple range test (abcp < 0.05). Values represent mean ± SE.
The SOD activities in D. polymorpha after single and combined DI and MA exposure during 24 and 96 h. The asterisk (*) on the bar shows statistical differences between different exposure times (24, 96 h) in the same groups according to the independent t-test (*p < 0.05). Different letters (a, b, c, d, e) on the bar show statistical differences among all groups in the same exposure time according to Duncan’s multiple range test (abcp < 0.05). Values represent mean ± SE.

Figure 2

The CAT activities in D. polymorpha after single and combined DI and MA exposure during 24 and 96 h. The asterisk (*) on the bar shows statistical differences between different exposure times (24, 96 h) in the same groups according to the independent t-test (*p < 0.05). Different letters (a, b, c, d, e) on the bar show statistical differences among all groups in the same exposure time according to Duncan’s multiple range test (abcp < 0.05). Values represent mean ± SE.
The CAT activities in D. polymorpha after single and combined DI and MA exposure during 24 and 96 h. The asterisk (*) on the bar shows statistical differences between different exposure times (24, 96 h) in the same groups according to the independent t-test (*p < 0.05). Different letters (a, b, c, d, e) on the bar show statistical differences among all groups in the same exposure time according to Duncan’s multiple range test (abcp < 0.05). Values represent mean ± SE.

Figure 3

The Levels of GSH in D. polymorpha after single and combined DI and MA exposure during 24 and 96 h. The asterisk (*) on the bar shows statistical differences between different exposure times (24, 96 h) in the same groups according to the independent t-test (*p < 0.05). Different letters (a, b, c, d, e) on the bar show statistical differences among all groups in the same exposure time according to Duncan’s multiple range test (abcp < 0.05). Values represent mean ± SE.
The Levels of GSH in D. polymorpha after single and combined DI and MA exposure during 24 and 96 h. The asterisk (*) on the bar shows statistical differences between different exposure times (24, 96 h) in the same groups according to the independent t-test (*p < 0.05). Different letters (a, b, c, d, e) on the bar show statistical differences among all groups in the same exposure time according to Duncan’s multiple range test (abcp < 0.05). Values represent mean ± SE.

Figure 4

The Levels of TBARS in D. polymorpha after single and combined DI and MA exposure during 24 and 96 h. The asterisk (*) on the bar shows statistical differences between different exposure times (24, 96 h) in the same groups according to the independent t-test (*p < 0.05). Different letters (a, b, c, d, e) on the bar show statistical differences among all groups in the same exposure time according to Duncan’s multiple range test (abcp < 0.05). Values represent mean ± SE.
The Levels of TBARS in D. polymorpha after single and combined DI and MA exposure during 24 and 96 h. The asterisk (*) on the bar shows statistical differences between different exposure times (24, 96 h) in the same groups according to the independent t-test (*p < 0.05). Different letters (a, b, c, d, e) on the bar show statistical differences among all groups in the same exposure time according to Duncan’s multiple range test (abcp < 0.05). Values represent mean ± SE.

Biochemical response parameters

Parameters Groups Exposure Time
24 h 96 h
GSH (μत) Control 2.66 ± 0.61 2.95 ± 0.04
A 1.50 ± 0.62 1.70 ± 0.20
B 1.37 ± 0.14 1.32 ± 0.36
C 1.55 ± 0.21 1.24 ± 0.49
D 1.05 ± 0.32 1.04 ± 0.10
E 1.43 ± 0.24 0.94 ± 0.01
F 0.64 ± 0.10 0.80 ± 0.009
G 1.34 ± 0.46 1.16 ± 0.16
H 0.68 ± 0.05 0.55 ± 0.05
I 1.05 ± 0.07 0.5 ± 0.01
CAT (nmol/min/ml) Control 3.01 ± 0.21 3.64 ± 0.09
A 6.79 ± 0.42 2.83 ± 0.12
B 5.49 ± 1.09 7.66 ± 0.73
C 3.13 ± 0.39 6.57 ± 0.15
D 3.24 ± 0.90 5.08 ± 0.90
E 2.36 ± 0.18 2.56 ± 0.21
F 2.04 ± 0.02 2.22 ± 0.009
G 2.56 ± 0.04 9.18 ± 0.05
H 2.68 ± 0.13 5.19 ± 0.006
I 2.64 ± 0.07 2.47 ± 0.07
SOD (U/ml) Control 0.034 ± 0.0005 0.0245 ± 0.001
A 0.0260 ± 0.006 0.0266 ± 0.003
B 0.0206 ± 0.002 0.0377 ± 0.002
C 0.0233 ± 0.003 0.0307 ± 0.001
D 0.0328 ± 0.002 0.0326 ± 0.001
E 0.0247 ± 0.002 0.0367 ± 0.002
F 0.0254 ± 0.001 0.0187 ± 0.0006
G 0.0283 ± 0.004 0.0272 ± 0.0003
H 0.0309 ± 0.003 0.0287 ± 0.002
I 0.0317 ± 0.001 0.0220 ± 0.003
TBARS (μत) Control 4.78 ± 0.59 2.93 ± 0.24
A 5.43 ± 0.13 6.58 ± 0.26
B 9.46 ± 0.11 8.85 ± 0.45
C 7.09 ± 0.70 7.34 ± 0.40
D 5.83 ± 0.15 7.01 ± 0.23
E 6.50 ± 0.53 8.49 ± 0.19
F 14.41 ± 1.73 11.43 ± 1.05
G 6.13 ± 1.73 12.36 ± 0.08
H 6.55 ± 0.26 14.40 ± 0.05
I 15.07 ± 0.65 47.71 ± 0.76
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