Effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation performed through exercise training for patients with stable COPD: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Barnes PJ. Inflammatory mechanisms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016;138(1):16–27. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.011.BarnesPJInflammatory mechanisms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseJ Allergy Clin Immunol2016138116–2710.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.01127373322Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Müllerova H, Agusti A, Erqou S, Mapel DW. Cardiovascular comorbidity in COPD. Chest. 2013;144(4):1163–78.MüllerovaHAgustiAErqouSMapelDWCardiovascular comorbidity in COPDChest2013144411637810.1378/chest.12-284723722528Search in Google Scholar
World Health Organisation. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Accessed Spetember 1st, 2022 at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-(copd)World Health OrganisationChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Accessed Spetember 1st2022athttps://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-(copd)Search in Google Scholar
Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease: global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2019 report. Accessed February 23th, 2021 at: https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GOLD-2019-v1.7-FINAL-14Nov2018-WMS.pdfGlobal initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease: global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2019 reportAccessed February 23th, 2021 athttps://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GOLD-2019-v1.7-FINAL-14Nov2018-WMS.pdfSearch in Google Scholar
Adeloye D, Chua S, Lee C, Basquill C, Papana A, Theodoratou E, et al. Global and regional estimates of COPD prevalence: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Glob Health. 2015;5(2):020415. doi: 10.7189/ jogh.05-020415.AdeloyeDChuaSLeeCBasquillCPapanaATheodoratouEet alGlobal and regional estimates of COPD prevalence: systematic review and meta-analysisJ Glob Health20155202041510.7189/jogh.05-020415Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
World Health Organisation. COPD predicted to be third leading cause of death in 2030. Accessed February 23, 2021 at: https://www.who.int/respiratory/copd/World_Health_Statistics_2008/en/World Health OrganisationCOPD predicted to be third leading cause of death in 2030Accessed February232021athttps://www.who.int/respiratory/copd/World_Health_Statistics_2008/en/Search in Google Scholar
Wouters EF, Posthuma R, Koopman M, Liu W-Y, Sillen MJ, Hajian B, et al. An update on pulmonary rehabilitation techniques for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2020;14(2):149–61. doi: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1700796.WoutersEFPosthumaRKoopmanMLiuW-YSillenMJHajianBet alAn update on pulmonary rehabilitation techniques for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseExpert Rev Respir Med20201421496110.1080/17476348.2020.170079631931636Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Škrgat S, Triller N, Košnik M, Poplas Susič T, Petek D, Vodopivec Jamšek V, et al. Priporočila za obravnavo bolnika s kronično obstruktivno pljučno boleznijo na primarni in specialistični pulmološki ravni v Sloveniji. Zdrav Vest. 2017;86(1–2):65-75. doi: 10.6016/ ZdravVestn.2471.ŠkrgatSTrillerNKošnikMPoplasSusič TPetekDVodopivecJamšek Vet alPriporočila za obravnavo bolnika s kronično obstruktivno pljučno boleznijo na primarni in specialistični pulmološki ravni v SlovenijiZdrav Vest2017861–2657510.6016/ZdravVestn.2471Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Maltais F, Decramer M, Casaburi R, Barreiro E, Burelle Y, Debigaré R, et al. An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: update on limb muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014;189(9):e15-62. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201402-0373ST.MaltaisFDecramerMCasaburiRBarreiroEBurelleYDebigaréRet alAn official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: update on limb muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med20141899e156210.1164/rccm.201402-0373ST409811224787074Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Zamzam MA, Azab NY, El Wahsh RA, Ragab AZ, Allam EM. Quality of life in COPD patients. Egypt J Chest Dis Tuberculosis. 2012;61(4):281–9. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcdt.2012.08.012.ZamzamMAAzabNYElWahsh RARagabAZAllamEMQuality of life in COPD patientsEgypt J Chest Dis Tuberculosis2012614281910.1016/j.ejcdt.2012.08.012Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Jones PW, Quirk FH, Baveystock CM, Littlejohns P. A self-complete measure of health status for chronic airflow limitation: the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992;145(6):1321–7. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/145.6.1321.JonesPWQuirkFHBaveystockCMLittlejohnsPA self-complete measure of health status for chronic airflow limitation: the StGeorge’s Respiratory Questionnaire. Am Rev Respir Dis199214561321710.1164/ajrccm/145.6.13211595997Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Jones PW. Quality of life, symptoms and pulmonary function in asthma: long-term treatment with nedocromil sodium examined in a controlled multicentre trial: Nedocromil Sodium Quality of Life Study Group. Eur Respir J. 1994;7(1):55–2. doi: 10.1183/09031936.94.07010055.JonesPWQuality of life, symptoms and pulmonary function in asthma: long-term treatment with nedocromil sodium examined in a controlled multicentre trial: Nedocromil Sodium Quality of Life Study GroupEur Respir J19947155210.1183/09031936.94.070100558143833Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Spruit MA, Singh SJ, Garvey C, ZuWallack R, Nici L, Rochester C, et al. An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: key concepts and advances in pulmonary rehabilitation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;188(8):e13-64. doi: 10.1164/ rccm.201309-1634ST.SpruitMASinghSJGarveyCZuWallackRNiciLRochesterCet alAn official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: key concepts and advances in pulmonary rehabilitationAm J Respir Crit Care Med20131888e136410.1164/rccm.201309-1634ST24127811Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Sievi N, Franzen D, Kohler M, Clarenbach C. Physical inactivity and arterial stiffness in COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2015;10:1891-7. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S90943.SieviNFranzenDKohlerMClarenbachCPhysical inactivity and arterial stiffness in COPDInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis2015101891710.2147/COPD.S90943457307826392763Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Reis LFF, Guimarães FS, Fernandes SJ, Cantanhede LA, Dias CM, Lopes AJ, et al. A long-term pulmonary rehabilitation program progressively improves exercise tolerance, quality of life and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with COPD. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2013;49(4):491–7.ReisLFFGuimarãesFSFernandesSJCantanhedeLADiasCMLopesAJet alA long-term pulmonary rehabilitation program progressively improves exercise tolerance, quality of life and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with COPDEur J Phys Rehabil Med2013494491–7Search in Google Scholar
Polverino F, Celli BR, Owen CA. COPD as an endothelial disorder: endothelial injury linking lesions in the lungs and other organs? (2017 Grover Conference Series). Pulm Circ. 2018;8(1):1–18. doi: 10.1177/2045894018758528.PolverinoFCelliBROwenCACOPD as an endothelial disorder: endothelial injury linking lesions in the lungs and other organs? (2017 Grover Conference Series)Pulm Circ20188111810.1177/2045894018758528582601529468936Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Clarenbach CF, Senn O, Sievi NA, Camen G, van Gestel AJR, Rossi VA, et al. Determinants of endothelial function in patients with COPD. Eur Respir J. 2013;42(5):1194–204. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00144612.ClarenbachCFSennOSieviNACamenGvan GestelAJRRossiVAet alDeterminants of endothelial function in patients with COPDEur Respir J2013425119420410.1183/09031936.0014461223429917Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories. ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166(1):111–7. doi: 10.1164/ ajrccm.166.1.at1102.ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function LaboratoriesATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk testAm J Respir Crit Care Med20021661111710.1164/ajrccm.166.1.at110212091180Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Porszasz J, Emtner M, Goto S, Somfay A, Whipp BJ, Casaburi R. Exercise training decreases ventilatory requirements and exercise-induced hyperinflation at submaximal intensities in patients with COPD. Chest. 2005;128(4):2025–34. doi: 10.1378/chest.128.4.2025.PorszaszJEmtnerMGotoSSomfayAWhippBJCasaburiRExercise training decreases ventilatory requirements and exercise-induced hyperinflation at submaximal intensities in patients with COPDChest2005128420253410.1378/chest.128.4.202516236851Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
American College of Sports Medicine. General Principles of Exercise Prescription. In: Pescatello LS, Arena R, Riebe D, Thompson PD, editors. ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013: 162-193.American College of Sports MedicineGeneral Principles of Exercise Prescription. In: Pescatello LS, Arena R, Riebe D, Thompson PD, editors. ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. 9th edPhiladelphiaWolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins2013162193Search in Google Scholar
Spruit MA, Gosselink R, Troosters T, De Paepe K, Decramer M. Resistance versus endurance training in patients with COPD and peripheral muscle weakness. Eur Respir J. 2002;19(6):1072–8. doi: 10.1183/09031936.02.00287102.SpruitMAGosselinkRTroostersTDePaepe KDecramerMResistance versus endurance training in patients with COPD and peripheral muscle weaknessEur Respir J20021961072810.1183/09031936.02.0028710212108859Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Garvey C, Bayles MP, Hamm LF, Hill K, Holland A, Limberg TM, et al. Pulmonary rehabilitation exercise prescription in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: review of selected guidelines: an official statement from the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2016;36(2):75–83. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000171.GarveyCBaylesMPHammLFHillKHollandALimbergTMet alPulmonary rehabilitation exercise prescription in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: review of selected guidelines: an official statement from the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary RehabilitationJ Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev201636275–8310.1097/HCR.000000000000017126906147Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Mänttäri A, Suni J, Sievänen H, Husu P, Vähä-Ypyä H, Valkeinen H, et al. Six-minute walk test: a tool for predicting maximal aerobic power (VO 2 max) in healthy adults. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2018;38(6):1038–45. doi: 10.1111/cpf.12525.MänttäriASuniJSievänenHHusuPVähä-YpyäHValkeinenHet alSix-minute walk test: a tool for predicting maximal aerobic power (VO 2 max) in healthy adultsClin Physiol Funct Imaging201838610384510.1111/cpf.1252529851229Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Holland AE, Spruit MA, Troosters T, Puhan MA, Pepin V, Saey D, et al. An official European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society technical standard: field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease. Eur Respir J. 2014;44(6):1428–46. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00150314.HollandAESpruitMATroostersTPuhanMAPepinVSaeyDet alAn official European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society technical standard: field walking tests in chronic respiratory diseaseEur Respir J201444614284610.1183/09031936.0015031425359355Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Malamud AL, Ricard PEH. Feasibility of the six-minute walk test for patients who have cystic fibrosis, are ambulatory, and require mechanical ventilation before lung transplantation. Phys Ther. 2016;96(9):1468–76. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20150235.MalamudALRicardPEHFeasibility of the six-minute walk test for patients who have cystic fibrosis, are ambulatory, and require mechanical ventilation before lung transplantationPhys Ther201696914687610.2522/ptj.2015023526916926Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Seoane L, Alex S, Pirtle C, Gupta M, Taylor DE, Valentine VG, et al. Utility of the 6-minute walk test following lung transplantation. Ochsner J. 2010;10(4):227–30.SeoaneLAlexSPirtleCGuptaMTaylorDEValentineVGet alUtility of the 6-minute walk test following lung transplantationOchsner J201010422730Search in Google Scholar
Brooks D, Solway S, Weinacht K, Wang D, Thomas S. Comparison between an indoor and an outdoor 6-minute walk test among individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;84(6):873–6. doi: 10.1016/S0003-9993(03)00011-X.BrooksDSolwaySWeinachtKWangDThomasSComparison between an indoor and an outdoor 6-minute walk test among individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonaryArch Phys Med Rehabil2003846873610.1016/S0003-9993(03)00011-XOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar
Valeiro B, Hernández C, Barberán-Garcia A, Rodríguez DA, Aibar J, Llop L, et al. Viabilidad de la evaluación domiciliaria del estado funcional de pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica en fase de recuperación de una exacerbación. Arch Bronconeumolog. 2016;52(5):256–61. doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2015.10.010.ValeiroBHernándezCBarberán-GarciaARodríguezDAAibarJLlopLet alViabilidad de la evaluación domiciliaria del estado funcional de pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica en fase de recuperación de una exacerbaciónArch Bronconeumolog20165252566110.1016/j.arbres.2015.10.010Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Physiotherapy Evidence Database. PEDro scale. Accessed February 15, 2021 at: https://staging-pedro.neura.edu.au/english/resources/pedro-scale/Physiotherapy Evidence DatabasePEDro scale. Accessed February 152021athttps://staging-pedro.neura.edu.au/english/resources/pedro-scale/Search in Google Scholar
de Morton NA. The PEDro scale is a valid measure of the methodological quality of clinical trials: a demographic study. Aust J Physiother. 2009;55(2):129–33. doi: 10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70043-1.deMorton NAThe PEDro scale is a valid measure of the methodological quality of clinical trials: a demographic studyAust J Physiother20095521293310.1016/S0004-9514(09)70043-1Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Hoffmann TC, Glasziou PP, Boutron I, Milne R, Perera R, Moher D, et al. Better reporting of interventions: template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide. BMJ. 2014;348:g1687–8. doi: 10.1136/bmj.g1687.HoffmannTCGlasziouPPBoutronIMilneRPereraRMoherDet alBetter reporting of interventions: template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guideBMJ2014348g1687810.1136/bmj.g168724609605Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Austin TM, Richter RR, Sebelski CA. Introduction to the GRADE approach for guideline development: considerations for physical therapist practice. Phys Ther. 2014;94(11):1652–9. doi: 10.2522/ ptj.20130627.AustinTMRichterRRSebelskiCAIntroduction to the GRADE approach for guideline development: considerations for physical therapist practicePhys Ther201494111652910.2522/ptj.2013062725035268Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
GRADEpro GDT: GRADEpro guideline development tool. McMaster University and Evidence Prime, 2022. Accessed August 30th, 2021 at: https://gdt.gradepro.org/app/GRADEpro GDT: GRADEpro guideline development toolMcMaster University and Evidence Prime2022Accessed August 30th, 2021 athttps://gdt.gradepro.org/app/Search in Google Scholar
Higgins JPT, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327(7414):557–60. doi: 10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557.HigginsJPTThompsonSGDeeksJJAltmanDGMeasuring inconsistency in meta-analysesBMJ200332774145576010.1136/bmj.327.7414.55719285912958120Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Higgins JPT, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Statist Med. 2002;21(11):1539–58. doi: 10.1002/sim.1186.HigginsJPTThompsonSGQuantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysisStatist Med2002211115395810.1002/sim.118612111919Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Farias CC, Resqueti V, Dias FAL, Borghi-Silva A, Arena R, Fregonezi GAF. Costs and benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial. Braz J Phys Ther. 2014;18(2):165–73. doi: 10.1590/s1413-35552012005000151.FariasCCResquetiVDiasFALBorghi-SilvaAArenaRFregoneziGAFCosts and benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trialBraz J Phys Ther20141821657310.1590/s1413-35552012005000151418325324838809Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Hospes G, Bossenbroek L, Ten Hacken NHT, van Hengel P, de Greef MHG. Enhancement of daily physical activity increases physical fitness of outclinic COPD patients: results of an exercise counseling program. Patient Educ Couns. 2009;75(2):274–8. 10.1016/j.pec.2008.10.005HospesGBossenbroekLTenHacken NHTvanHengel PdeGreef MHGEnhancement of daily physical activity increases physical fitness of outclinic COPD patients: results of an exercise counseling programPatient Educ Couns2009752274810.1016/j.pec.2008.10.00510.1016/j.pec.2008.10.00519036552Search in Google Scholar
Lahham A, McDonald CF, Moore R, Cox NS, Rawlings S, Nichols A, et al. The impact of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation on people with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trial. Clin Respir J. 2020;14(4):335–44. doi: 10.1111/crj.13138.LahhamAMcDonaldCFMooreRCoxNSRawlingsSNicholsAet alThe impact of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation on people with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trialClin Respir J20201443354410.1111/crj.1313831880078Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Li Y, Feng J, Li Y, Jia W, Qian H. A new pulmonary rehabilitation maintenance strategy through home-visiting and phone contact in COPD. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2018;12:97–104. doi: 10.2147/PPA. S150679.LiYFengJLiYJiaWQianHA new pulmonary rehabilitation maintenance strategy through home-visiting and phone contact in COPDPatient Prefer Adherence2018129710410.2147/PPA.S150679576818529391781Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Pradella CO, Belmonte GM, Maia MN, Delgado CS, Luise APT, Nascimento OA, et al. Home-based pulmonary rehabilitation for subjects with COPD: a randomized study. Respir Care. 2015;60(4):526–32. doi: 10.4187/respcare.02994.PradellaCOBelmonteGMMaiaMNDelgadoCSLuiseAPTNascimentoOAet alHome-based pulmonary rehabilitation for subjects with COPD: a randomized studyRespir Care2015604526–3210.4187/respcare.0299425269680Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Tsai LLY, McNamara RJ, Moddel C, Alison JA, McKenzie DK, McKeough ZJ. Home-based telerehabilitation via real-time videoconferencing improves endurance exercise capacity in patients with COPD: the randomized controlled TeleR study. Respirology. 2017;22(4):699–707. doi: 10.1111/resp.12966.TsaiLLYMcNamaraRJModdelCAlisonJAMcKenzieDKMcKeoughZJHome-based telerehabilitation via real-time videoconferencing improves endurance exercise capacity in patients with COPD: the randomized controlled TeleR studyRespirology201722469970710.1111/resp.1296627992099Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Wijkstra PJ, van der Mark TW, Kraan J, van Altena R, Koeter GH, Postma DS. Effects of home rehabilitation on physical performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eur Respir J. 1996;9(1):104–10. doi: 10.1183/09031936.96.09010104.WijkstraPJvander Mark TWKraanJvanAltena RKoeterGHPostmaDSEffects of home rehabilitation on physical performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)Eur Respir J1996911041010.1183/09031936.96.090101048834342Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Xi F, Wang Z, Qi Y, Brightwell R, Roberts P, Stewart A, et al. Longterm effect of respiratory training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients at an outpatient clinic: a randomised controlled trial. Clin Transl Med. 2015;4(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s40169-015-0073-2.XiFWangZQiYBrightwellRRobertsPStewartAet alLongterm effect of respiratory training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients at an outpatient clinic: a randomised controlled trialClin Transl Med2015413110.1186/s40169-015-0073-2460202026458936Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Yekefallah L, Zohal MA, Keshavarzsarkar O, Barikani A, Gheraati M. Comparing the effects of upper limb and breathing exercises on six-minute walking distance among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a three-group randomized controlled clinical trial. Adv Respir Med. 2019;87(2):77–82. doi: 10.5603/ARM.2019.0013.YekefallahLZohalMAKeshavarzsarkarOBarikaniAGheraatiMComparing the effects of upper limb and breathing exercises on six-minute walking distance among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a three-group randomized controlled clinical trialAdv Respir Med2019872778210.5603/ARM.2019.001331038717Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Breyer M-K, Breyer-Kohansal R, Funk G-C, Dornhofer N, Spruit MA, Wouters EFM, et al. Nordic walking improves daily physical activities in COPD: a randomised controlled trial. Respir Res. 2010;11:112. doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-11-112.BreyerM-KBreyer-KohansalRFunkG-CDornhoferNSpruitMAWoutersEFMet alNordic walking improves daily physical activities in COPD: a randomised controlled trialRespir Res20101111210.1186/1465-9921-11-112293368320727209Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Finnerty JP, Keeping I, Bullough I, Jones J. The effectiveness of outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic lung disease: a randomized controlled trial. Chest. 2001;119(6):1705–10. doi: 10.1378/ chest.119.6.1705.FinnertyJPKeepingIBulloughIJonesJThe effectiveness of outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic lung disease: a randomized controlled trialChest2001119617051010.1378/chest.119.6.170511399694Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Gallo-Silva B, Cerezer-Silva V, Ferreira DG, Sakabe DI, Kel-Souza LD, Bertholo VC, et al. Effects of water-based aerobic interval training in patients with COPD: a randomized controlled trial. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2019;39(2):105–11. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000352.Gallo-SilvaBCerezer-SilvaVFerreiraDGSakabeDIKel-SouzaLDBertholoVCet alEffects of water-based aerobic interval training in patients with COPD: a randomized controlled trialJ Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev20193921051110.1097/HCR.000000000000035230720640Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Gottlieb V, Lyngsø AM, Nybo B, Frølich A, Backer V. Pulmonary rehabilitation for moderate COPD (GOLD 2) - does it have an effect? COPD. 2011;8(5):380–6. doi: 10.3109/15412555.2011.610393.GottliebVLyngsøAMNyboBFrølichABackerVPulmonary rehabilitation for moderate COPD (GOLD 2) - does it have an effect?COPD201185380610.3109/15412555.2011.61039321936683Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
McNamara RJ, McKeough ZJ, McKenzie DK, Alison JA. Water-based exercise in COPD with physical comorbidities: a randomised controlled trial. Eur Respir J. 2013;41(6):1284–91. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00034312.McNamaraRJMcKeoughZJMcKenzieDKAlisonJAWater-based exercise in COPD with physical comorbidities: a randomised controlled trialEur Respir J201341612849110.1183/09031936.0003431222997217Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Ringbaek TJ, Broendum E, Hemmingsen L, Lybeck K, Nielsen D, Andersen C, et al. Rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: exercise twice a week is not sufficient! Respir Med. 2000;94(2):150–4. doi: 10.1053/rmed.1999.0704.RingbaekTJBroendumEHemmingsenLLybeckKNielsenDAndersenCet alRehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: exercise twice a week is not sufficient!Respir Med2000942150410.1053/rmed.1999.070410714421Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Román M, Larraz C, Gómez A, Ripoll J, Mir I, Miranda EZ, et al. Efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Fam Pract. 2013;14:21. doi: 10.1186/1471-2296-14-21.RománMLarrazCGómezARipollJMirIMirandaEZet alEfficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trialBMC Fam Pract2013142110.1186/1471-2296-14-21357746823399113Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Wadell K, Webb KA, Preston ME, Amornputtisathaporn N, Samis L, Patelli J, et al. Impact of pulmonary rehabilitation on the major dimensions of dyspnea in COPD. COPD. 2013;10(4):425–35. doi: 10.3109/15412555.2012.758696.WadellKWebbKAPrestonMEAmornputtisathapornNSamisLPatelliJet alImpact of pulmonary rehabilitation on the major dimensions of dyspnea in COPDCOPD20131044253510.3109/15412555.2012.75869623537344Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Yudhawati R, Rasjid Hs M. Effect of yoga on FEV1, 6-minute walk distance (6-MWD) and quality of life in patients with COPD group B. Adv Respir Med. 2019;87(5):261–8. doi: 10.5603/ARM.2019.0047.YudhawatiRRasjidHs MEffect of yoga on FEV1, 6-minute walk distance (6-MWD) and quality of life in patients with COPD group BAdv Respir Med2019875261810.5603/ARM.2019.004731680225Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Zhu S, Shi K, Yan J, He Z, Wang Y, Yi Q, et al. A modified 6-form Tai Chi for patients with COPD. Complement Ther Med. 2018;39:36–42. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.05.007.ZhuSShiKYanJHeZWangYYiQet alA modified 6-form Tai Chi for patients with COPDComplement Ther Med201839364210.1016/j.ctim.2018.05.00730012390Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Kessler R, Faller M, Fourgaut G, Mennecier B, Weitzenblum E. Predictive factors of hospitalization for acute exacerbation in a series of 64 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159(1):158–64. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.159.1.9803117.KesslerRFallerMFourgautGMennecierBWeitzenblumEPredictive factors of hospitalization for acute exacerbation in a series of 64 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med199915911586410.1164/ajrccm.159.1.98031179872834Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Holland AE, Nici L. The return of the minimum clinically important difference for 6-minute-walk distance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;187(4):335–6. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201212-2191ED.HollandAENiciLThe return of the minimum clinically important difference for 6-minute-walk distance in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med20131874335610.1164/rccm.201212-2191ED23418323Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Santiworakul A, Piya-amornphan N, Jianramas N. A home-based multimedia pulmonary rehabilitation program improves clinical symptoms and physical performance of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(21):11479. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111479.SantiworakulAPiya-amornphanNJianramasNA home-based multimedia pulmonary rehabilitation program improves clinical symptoms and physical performance of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseInt J Environ Res Public Health202118211147910.3390/ijerph182111479858279034769994Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
de Souza Y, da Silva KM, Condesso D, Figueira B, Noronha Filho AJ, Rufino R, et al. Use of a home-based manual as part of a pulmonary rehabilitation program. Respir Care. 2018;63(12):1485–91. doi: 10.4187/ respcare.05656.deSouza YdaSilva KMCondessoDFigueiraBNoronhaFilho AJRufinoRetalUse of a home-based manual as part of a pulmonary rehabilitation programRespir Care2018631214859110.4187/respcare.0565630087196Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Imamura S, Inagaki T, Terada J, Nagashima K, Katsura H, Tatsumi K. Long-term efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation with home-based or low frequent maintenance programs in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis. 2020;9(5):2606–15. doi: doi: 10.21037/apm-19-581.ImamuraSInagakiTTeradaJNagashimaKKatsuraHTatsumiKLong-term efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation with home-based or low frequent maintenance programs in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasea meta-analysis20209526061510.21037/apm-19-58132819118Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Gallefoss F, Bakke PS, Rsgaard PK. Quality of life assessment after patient education in a randomized controlled study on asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159(3):812–7. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.159.3.9804047.GallefossFBakkePSRsgaardPKQuality of life assessment after patient education in a randomized controlled study on asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med19991593812710.1164/ajrccm.159.3.980404710051255Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Dong J, Li Z, Luo L, Xie H. Efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation in improving the quality of life for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: evidence based on nineteen randomized controlled trials. Int J Surg. 2020;73:78–86. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.11.033.DongJLiZLuoLXieHEfficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation in improving the quality of life for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: evidence based on nineteen randomized controlled trialsInt J Surg202073788610.1016/j.ijsu.2019.11.03331843677Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Rugbjerg M, Iepsen UW, Jørgensen KJ, Lange P. Effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD with mild symptoms: a systematic review with meta-analyses. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2015;10:791–801. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S78607.RugbjergMIepsenUWJørgensenKJLangePEffectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD with mild symptoms: a systematic review with meta-analysesInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis20151079180110.2147/COPD.S78607440774025945044Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Wu W, Liu X, Wang L, Wang Z, hu jun, Yan J. Effects of Tai Chi on exercise capacity and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. COPD. 2014;1253. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S70862.WuWLiuXWangLWangZhujunYanJEffects of Tai Chi on exercise capacity and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysisCOPD2014125310.2147/COPD.S70862423017125404855Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Jackson D, Turner R. Power analysis for random-effects meta-analysis: power analysis for meta-analysis. Res Syn Meth. 2017;8(3):290–302. doi: 10.1002/jrsm.1240.JacksonDTurnerRPower analysis for random-effects meta-analysis: power analysis for meta-analysisRes Syn Meth20178329030210.1002/jrsm.1240559073028378395Open DOISearch in Google Scholar