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Small-strain stiffness of selected anthropogenic aggregates from bender element tests

Katarzyna Gabryś
Katarzyna Gabryś
, 
Katarzyna Markowska-Lech
Katarzyna Markowska-Lech
 e 
Wojciech Sas
Wojciech Sas
   | 18 lug 2024
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Article Category: Research Article
Pubblicato online: 18 lug 2024
Pagine: -
Ricevuto: 18 mar 2024
Accettato: 14 mag 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2024-0013
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© 2024 Katarzyna Gabryś et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Grading curves of RCA specimens tested; image of the parent RCA.
Grading curves of RCA specimens tested; image of the parent RCA.

Figure 2:

Schematic drawing of the triaxial base with bender element configuration (after Brignoli et al., 1996).
Schematic drawing of the triaxial base with bender element configuration (after Brignoli et al., 1996).

Figure 3:

Schematic illustration of an S-wave bender element test, displaying generated and received waveforms.
Schematic illustration of an S-wave bender element test, displaying generated and received waveforms.

Figure 4:

Example input and received signals in bender element tests; waveform and wavelength ratio at different frequencies for a) the M1 mixture (p′ = 90 kPa) and b) the M4 mixture (p′ = 270 kPa).
Example input and received signals in bender element tests; waveform and wavelength ratio at different frequencies for a) the M1 mixture (p′ = 90 kPa) and b) the M4 mixture (p′ = 270 kPa).

Figure 5:

Example Gmax values determined for the M4 mixture versus the wavelength ratio at a) p′ = 90 kPa, b) p′ = 180 kPa, and c) p′ = 270 kPa.
Example Gmax values determined for the M4 mixture versus the wavelength ratio at a) p′ = 90 kPa, b) p′ = 180 kPa, and c) p′ = 270 kPa.

Figure 6:

Example of potential arrival points (the M1 mixture, p′ = 90 kPa).
Example of potential arrival points (the M1 mixture, p′ = 90 kPa).

Figure 7:

Typical plot of small-strain shear modulus (Gmax) against mean effective stress (p′) from the M1 mixture: a) fin = 10.0 kHz, b) fin = 12.5 kHz.
Typical plot of small-strain shear modulus (Gmax) against mean effective stress (p′) from the M1 mixture: a) fin = 10.0 kHz, b) fin = 12.5 kHz.

Figure 8:

Small-strain shear modulus (Gmax) for fRCA mixtures based on BE test, peak to peak 2 method: a) fin = 10.0 kHz and b) fin = 12.5 kHz.
Small-strain shear modulus (Gmax) for fRCA mixtures based on BE test, peak to peak 2 method: a) fin = 10.0 kHz and b) fin = 12.5 kHz.

Fundamental physical properties of RCA in this work.

No. Specimen code Fraction (mm) Mean grain size D50 (mm) Specific gravity GS Preparation method Initial void ratio e0 Initial dry unit weight γd,0 (kN/m3)
1 M1 0.063–2.0 0.2 2.61 Dry tamping 0.61 16.29
2 M2 0.02–1.0 0.16 2.61 Dry tamping 0.63 16.08
3 M3 0.015–0.8 0.14 2.61 Dry tamping 0.72 15.43
4 M4 0.015–0.6 0.21 2.61 Dry tamping 0.81 14.62
5 M5 0.02–2.0 0.21 2.61 Moist tamping 0.74 14.96
6 M6 0.02–1.0 0.18 2.61 Moist tamping 0.71 15.00
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Geosciences, other, Materials Sciences, Composites, Porous Materials, Physics, Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics
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