Industrial Cooling Systems a Comprehensive Review of Technologies, Challenges, and Future Directions

Industrial cooling systems are critical components in a wide range of sectors, including manufacturing, energy production, chemical processing, and data centers. These systems play a vital role in maintaining optimal operating temperatures, enhancing equipment efficiency, and ensuring safety. This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of industrial cooling technologies, categorizing them into air cooling, liquid cooling, phase-change cooling, and advanced cooling methods such as thermoelectric and magnetic refrigeration.