[1. Grundy SM, Stone NJ, Bailey AL, Beam C, Birtcher KK, Blumenthal RS. 2018 AHA/ACC/AACVPR/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA guideline on the management of blood cholesterol: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines. Circulation. 2019 Jun;139(25):1082-143. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.000000000000069810.1161/CIR.000000000000069831206330]Search in Google Scholar
[2. Catapano AL, Graham I, Backer GD, Wiklund O, Chapman MJ, Drexel H, et al. 2016 ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias. Eur Heart J. 2016 Aug;37 (39):2999-3058. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw27210.1093/eurheartj/ehw27227567407]Search in Google Scholar
[3. Kapoor R, Chakraborty M, Singh NA. Leap above Friedewald formula for calculation of lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol. J Lab Physicians. 2015 Jan-Jun;7(1):11-6. DOI: 10.4103/0974-2727.15478010.4103/0974-2727.154780441180325949053]Search in Google Scholar
[4. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultra-centrifuge. Clin Chem. 1972 Jun;18(6):499-502. DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/18.6.49910.1093/clinchem/18.6.499]Search in Google Scholar
[5. Jialal I, Gounden V. Reporting LDL cholesterol levels in the era of intensive lipid management: a clarion call. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2017 Aug;55(10):1447-9. DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2017-063910.1515/cclm-2017-063928796640]Search in Google Scholar
[6. Esteban-Salan M, Aguilar-Doreste JA, Arranz-Pena ML, Juve-Cuxart S, Gich-Salarich I, Zapico-Muniz E, et al. Multi-centric evaluation of the homogeneous LDL cholesterol plus assay: comparison with beta-quantification and Friedewald formula. J Clin Biochem. 2008 Nov;41(16-17):1402-9. DOI: 10.1016/j. clinbiochem.2008.07.014]Search in Google Scholar
[7. Fawwad A, Sabir R, Riaz M, Moin H, Basit A. Measured versus calculated LDL cholesterol in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Pak J Med Sci. 2016 Jul-Aug;32(4):955-60. DOI: 10.12669/pjms.324.989610.12669/pjms.324.9896501711027648047]Search in Google Scholar
[8. Chai Kheng EY, Chee Fang S, Chang S, Kiat Mun SL, Su Chi L, Lee Ying Y, et al. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in adults with type 2 diabetes: an alternative equation for accurate estimation and improved cardiovascular risk classification. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2014 Nov;11(6):431-9. DOI: 10.1177/147916411454770310.1177/147916411454770325205607]Search in Google Scholar
[9. Jialal I, Singh G. Management of diabetic dyslipidemia: an update. World J Diabetes. 2019 May;10(5):280-90. DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v10.i5.28010.4239/wjd.v10.i5.280652275631139315]Search in Google Scholar
[10. Su X, Kong Y, Peng D. Evidence for changing lipid management strategy to focus on non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Lipids Health Dis. 2019 Jun;18(1):134. DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1080-x10.1186/s12944-019-1080-x655487731170997]Search in Google Scholar
[11. Boizel R, Benhamou PY, Lardy B, Laporte F, Foulon T, Halimi S. Ratio of triglycerides to HDL cholesterol is an indicator of LDL particle size in patients with type 2 diabetes and normal HDL cholesterol levels. Diabetes Care. 2000 Nov;23(11):1679-85. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.23.11.167910.2337/diacare.23.11.167911092292]Search in Google Scholar
[12. da Luz PL, Favarato D, Faria-Neto Junior JR, Lemos P, Chagas ACP. High ratio of triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol predicts extensive coronary disease. Clinics. 2008 Aug;63(4):427-32. DOI: 10.1590/S1807-5932200800040000310.1590/S1807-59322008000400003]Search in Google Scholar
[13. Cholesterol Reference Method Laboratory Network (CRMLN). National reference system for cholesterol. LDL cholesterol method certification protocol for manufacturers. 2006.1-13.]Search in Google Scholar
[14. Mora S, Rifai S, Buring JE, Ridker PM. Comparison of LDL cholesterol concentrations by Friedewald calculation and direct measurement in relation to cardiovascular events in 27331 women. Clin Chem. 2009 May;55(5):888-94. DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2008.11792910.1373/clinchem.2008.117929269288819395440]Search in Google Scholar
[15. Chatterjee BP, Sendhav S, Kakaiya A, Biswas PC. A comparative analysis of direct LDL-C assay and Friedewald’s formula in subjects of ischemic heart disease & stroke in a tertiary care centre. Int J Clin Biochem Res. 2018 July;5(4):541-6. DOI: 10.18231/2394-6377.2018.011510.18231/2394-6377.2018.0115]Search in Google Scholar
[16. Anwar M, Khan DA, Khan FA. Comparison of Friedewald formula and modified Friedewald formula with direct homogeneous assay for low density lipoprotein cholesterol estimation. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2014 Jan;24(1):8-12.]Search in Google Scholar
[17. LeeJ, Jang S, Jeong H, Ryu OH. Validation of the Friedewald formula for estimating low density lipo-protein cholesterol: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009 to 2011. Korean J Intern Med. 2020 Jan;35(1):150-9. DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2017.23310.3904/kjim.2017.233696004229551052]Search in Google Scholar
[18. Martin SS, Blaha MJ, Elshazly MB, Brinton EA, Toth PP, McEvoy JW, et al. Friedewald-estimated versus directly measured low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and treatment implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Aug;62(8):732-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.07910.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.07923524048]Search in Google Scholar
[19. Bansal E, Kaur N. Does Friedewald formula underestimate the risk of ischemic heart disease? Indian J Clin Biochem. 2014 Oct;29(4):496-500. DOI: 10.1007/s12291-013-0392-210.1007/s12291-013-0392-2417569825298632]Search in Google Scholar
[20. Esawya MM, Shabanaa MA, Magdyb MM. Evaluation of Martin’s equation for LDL-C estimation in type 2 diabetes mellitus Egyptian patients. Clin Chim Acta. 2019 Aug;495:487-92. DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.05.02510.1016/j.cca.2019.05.02531145894]Search in Google Scholar
[21. Kurniawan LB, Windarwati W, Mulyono B. Analysis of LDL-C measurement using direct and Friedewald formula in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Indonesian J Clin Pathol Med Lab. 2018 July;24(3):255-7. DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.133910.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1339]Search in Google Scholar
[22. Razi F, Forouzanfar K, Bandarian F, Nasli-Esfahani E. LDL-cholesterol measurement in diabetic type 2 patients: a comparison between direct assay and popular equations. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2017 Nov;16:43. DOI: 10.1186/s40200-017-0326-210.1186/s40200-017-0326-2567052529142884]Search in Google Scholar
[23. Enkhmaa B, Prakash N, Berglund L. Non-HDL-C levels and residual cardiovascular risk: do population-specific precision approaches offer any advantages? Atherosclerosis. 2018 Jul;274:230-1. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.05.01010.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.05.010709867229764695]Search in Google Scholar
[24. Mora S, Buring JE, Ridker PM. Discordance of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol with alternative LDL-related measures and future coronary events. Circulation. 2014 Feb;129(5):553-61. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.00587310.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005873450125224345402]Search in Google Scholar
[25. Sudha K, Ashok P, Kiran KAM, Aradhana M, Anupama H. Validation of the Friedewald formula in type II diabetes mellitus: an Indian perspective study. Int J Biomed Adv Res. 2015 Feb;6(2):103-6. DOI: 10.7439/ijbar.v6i2.158110.7439/ijbar.v6i2.1581]Search in Google Scholar
[26. Viera PL, Araujo GN, Telo GH, Smidt LFS, Jost MF, Furtado MV,et al. Low-density lipoprotein values estimated by Friedewald equation are affected by diabetes control. Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2016 Aug;29(5):348-54. DOI: 10.5935/2359-4802.2016004510.5935/2359-4802.20160045]Search in Google Scholar
[27. Mahato RV, Gyawali P, Raut PP, Regmi P, Singh KP, Pandeya DR, et al. Association between glycaemic control and serum lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients: glycated haemoglobin as a dual biomarker. Biomed Res. 2011 March;22(3):375-80.]Search in Google Scholar
[28. Dong QT, Gao Y,Wu NQ, Guo YL, Zhu CG, Li S, et al. Impact of glucose and lipid markers on the correlation of calculated and enzymatic measured low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease. J Clin Lab Anal. 2018 Jun;32(5):e22399. DOI: 10.1002/jcla.2239910.1002/jcla.22399681691729380428]Search in Google Scholar
[29. Babic N, Valjevac A, Zaciragic A, Avdagic N, Zukic S, Hasic S. The triglyceride/HDL ratio and triglyceride glucose index as predictors of glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Med Arch. 2019 Jun;73(3):163-8. DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2019.73.163-16810.5455/medarh.2019.73.163-168664332831404127]Search in Google Scholar
[30. Ozder A. Lipid profile abnormalities seen in T2 DM patients in primary Health care in Turkey: a cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Dis. 2014 Dec;13:183. DOI: 10.1186/1476-511X-13-18310.1186/1476-511X-13-183427148525481115]Search in Google Scholar
[31. Rubies-Prat J, Reverter JL, Sentí M, Pedro-Botet J, Salinas I, Lucas A, et al. Calculated low-density lipo-protein cholesterol should not be used for management of lipoprotein abnormalities in patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1993 Aug;16(8):1081-6. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.16.8.108110.2337/diacare.16.8.10818375237]Search in Google Scholar