[
1. ABARCA-GÓMEZ L., ABDEEN ZA., HAMID ZA., ABU-RMEILEH NM., ACOSTACAZARES B., ACUIN C., et al.Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128.9 million children, adolescents, and adults. The lancet. 2017;390(10113):2627–42.10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32129-3573521929029897
]Search in Google Scholar
[
2. WHO. global database on body mass index. 2006.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
3. TILG H., MOSCHEN AR. Adipocytokines: mediators linking adipose tissue, inflammation and immunity. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2006;6(10):772–83.10.1038/nri193716998510
]Search in Google Scholar
[
4. SJÖHOLM Å., NYSTRÖM T. Inflammation and the etiology of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews. 2006;22(1):4–10.10.1002/dmrr.56815991254
]Search in Google Scholar
[
5. WEISBERG SP., MCCANN D., DESAI M., ROSENBAUM M., LEIBEL RL., FERRANTE AW. Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. The Journal of clinical investigation. 2003;112(12):1796–808.10.1172/JCI200319246
]Search in Google Scholar
[
6. DESAI GS., MATHEWS ST. Saliva as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for inflammation and insulin-resistance. World journal of diabetes. 2014;5(6):730.10.4239/wjd.v5.i6.730426585925512775
]Search in Google Scholar
[
7. GOODSON JM., KANTARCI A., HARTMAN M-L., DENIS GV., STEPHENS D., HASTURK H., et al. metabolic disease risk in children by salivary biomarker analysis. PloS one. 2014;9(6):e98799.10.1371/journal.pone.0098799405160924915044
]Search in Google Scholar
[
8. NIBALI L., FEDELE S., D’AIUTO F., DONOS N. Interleukin-6 in oral diseases: a review. Oral diseases. 2012;18(3):236–43.10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01867.x22050374
]Search in Google Scholar
[
9. DAIGO K., INFORZATO A., BARAJON I., GARLANDA C., BOTTAZZI B., MERI S., et al.Pentraxins in the activation and regulation of innate immunity. Immunological reviews. 2016;274(1):202–17.10.1111/imr.12476541295427782337
]Search in Google Scholar
[
10. CHRISTODOULIDES N., MOHANTY S., MILLER CS., LANGUB MC., FLORIANO PN., DHARSHAN P, et al.Application of microchip assay system for the measurement of C-reactive protein in human saliva. Lab on a Chip. 2005;5(3):261–9.10.1039/b414194f15726202
]Search in Google Scholar
[
11. ABDULJABBAR T., AL-SAHALY F., KELLESARIAN SV., KELLESARIAN TV., AL-ANAZI M., AL-KHATHAMI M., et al.Comparison of peri-implant clinical and radiographic inflammatory parameters and whole salivary destructive inflammatory cytokine profile among obese and non-obese men. Cytokine. 2016;88:51–6.10.1016/j.cyto.2016.08.01727560655
]Search in Google Scholar
[
12. KIM C., PARK H., KAWADA T., KIM JH., LIM D., HUBBARD N., et al.Circulating levels of MCP-1 and IL-8 are elevated in human obese subjects and associated with obesity-related parameters. International journal of obesity. 2006;30(9):1347–55.10.1038/sj.ijo.080325916534530
]Search in Google Scholar
[
13. TAM CS., GARNETT SP., COWELL CT., HEILBRONN LK., LEE JW., WONG M., et al.IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 levels in healthy weight and overweight children. Hormone research in paediatrics. 2010;73(2):128–34.10.1159/00027763220190550
]Search in Google Scholar
[
14. HERNÁNDEZ-TREJO M., MONTOYA-ESTRADA A., TORRES-RAMOS Y., ESPEJELNÚÑEZ A., GUZMÁN-GRENFELL A., MORALES-HERNÁNDEZ R., et al.Oxidative stress biomarkers and their relationship with cytokine concentrations in overweight/obese pregnant women and their neonates. BMC immunology. 2017;18(1):1–11.10.1186/s12865-016-0184-6521978428061809
]Search in Google Scholar
[
15. PUNJ A., SHENOY S., KUMARI NS., PAMPANI P. Estimation of antioxidant levels in saliva and serum of chronic periodontitis patients with and without ischemic heart disease. International journal of dentistry. 2017;2017.10.1155/2017/1965697552508128781595
]Search in Google Scholar
[
16. GREABU M., BATTINO M., MOHORA M., TOTAN A., SPINU T., TOTAN C., et al.Could constitute saliva the first line of defence against oxidative stress? Romanian journal of internal medicine= Revue roumaine de medecine interne. 2007;45(2):209–13.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
17. BELLAGAMBI FG., LOMONACO T., SALVO P., VIVALDI F., HANGOUËT M., GHIMENTI S., et al.Saliva sampling: Methods and devices. An overview. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 2020;124:115781.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
18. Obesity and Overweight. [Internet]. 2021.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
19. ZYŚK B., OSTROWSKA L., SMARKUSZ-ZARZECKA J. Salivary Adipokine and Cytokine Levels as Potential Markers for the Development of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021;22(21):11703.10.3390/ijms222111703858404734769133
]Search in Google Scholar
[
20. DELGADO I., HUET L., DEXPERT S., BEAU C., FORESTIER D., LEDAGUENEL P., et al.Depressive symptoms in obesity: relative contribution of low-grade inflammation and metabolic health. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2018;91:55–61.10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.02.03029525586
]Search in Google Scholar
[
21. HOTAMISLIGIL GS. Inflammation, metaflammation and immunometabolic disorders. Nature. 2017;542(7640):177–85.10.1038/nature2136328179656
]Search in Google Scholar
[
22. WILLIAMSON S., MUNRO C., PICKLER R., GRAP MJ., ELSWICK R. Comparison of biomarkers in blood and saliva in healthy adults. Nursing research and practice. 2012;2012.10.1155/2012/246178335084622619709
]Search in Google Scholar
[
23. HAN MS., WHITE A., PERRY RJ., CAMPOREZ J-P., HIDALGO J., SHULMAN GI., et al.Regulation of adipose tissue inflammation by interleukin 6. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2020;117(6):2751–60.10.1073/pnas.1920004117702215131980524
]Search in Google Scholar
[
24. ZHANG N., LV H., SHI B-H., HOU X., XU X. Inhibition of IL-6 and IL-8 production in LPS-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts by glycyrrhizin via activating LXRα. Microbial pathogenesis. 2017;110:135–9.10.1016/j.micpath.2017.06.02128652177
]Search in Google Scholar
[
25. KHAODHIAR L., LING PR., BLACKBURN GL., BISTRIAN BR. Serum levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein correlate with body mass index across the broad range of obesity. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 2004;28(6):410–5.10.1177/014860710402800641015568287
]Search in Google Scholar
[
26. PÎRSEAN C., NEGUȚ C., STEFAN-VAN STADEN R-I., DINU-PIRVU CE., ARMEAN P., UDEANU DI. The salivary levels of leptin and interleukin-6 as potential inflammatory markers in children obesity. PLoS One. 2019;14(1):e0210288.10.1371/journal.pone.0210288631781630605486
]Search in Google Scholar
[
27. DOĞAN GE., TORAMAN A., ŞEBIN SÖ., DOĞAN Ç., GÜNGÖR A., AKSOY H., et al.Salivary IL-6 and IL-10 levels in subjects with obesity and gingivitis. Am J Dent. 2016;29(5):261–5.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
28. LO GIUDICE G., NICITA F., MILITI A., BERTINO R., MATARESE M., CURRÒ M., et al.Correlation of s-IgA and IL-6 salivary with caries disease and oral hygiene parameters in children. Dentistry journal. 2019;8(1):3.10.3390/dj8010003717529231892186
]Search in Google Scholar
[
29. ISOLA G., GIUDICE AL., POLIZZI A., ALIBRANDI A., MURABITO P., INDELICATO F. Identification of the different salivary Interleukin-6 profiles in patients with periodontitis: a cross-sectional study. Archives of Oral Biology. 2021;122:104997.10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.10499733291049
]Search in Google Scholar
[
30. AL-HAMOUDI N., ABDULJABBAR T., MIRZA S., AL-SOWYGH ZH., VOHRA F., JAVED F., et al.Non-surgical periodontal therapy reduces salivary adipocytokines in chronic periodontitis patients with and without obesity. Journal of investigative and clinical dentistry. 2018;9(2):e12314.10.1111/jicd.1231429322684
]Search in Google Scholar
[
31. HARADA A., SEKIDO N., AKAHOSHI T., WADA T., MUKAIDA N., MATSUSHIMA K. Essential involvement of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in acute inflammation. Journal of leukocyte biology. 1994;56(5):559–64.10.1002/jlb.56.5.559
]Search in Google Scholar
[
32. OKADA H., MURAKAMI S. Cytokine expression in periodontal health and disease. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine. 1998;9(3):248–66.10.1177/104544119800900301019715365
]Search in Google Scholar
[
33. OSTROWSKA L., GORNOWICZ A., PIETRASZEWSKA B., BIELAWSKI K., BIELAWSKA A. Which salivary components can differentiate metabolic obesity? PLoS One. 2020;15(6):e0235358.10.1371/journal.pone.0235358732395532598403
]Search in Google Scholar
[
34. BRESLIN WL., JOHNSTON CA., STROHACKER K., CARPENTER KC., DAVIDSON TR., MORENO JP., et al.Obese Mexican American children have elevated MCP-1, TNF-α, monocyte concentration, and dyslipidemia. Pediatrics. 2012;129(5):e1180–e6.10.1542/peds.2011-247722473371
]Search in Google Scholar
[
35. KLIMIUK A., ZALEWSKA A., SAWICKI R., KNAPP M., MACIEJCZYK M. Salivary oxidative stress increases with the progression of chronic heart failure. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020;9(3):769.10.3390/jcm9030769714137032178375
]Search in Google Scholar
[
36. MACIEJCZYK M., TARANTA-JANUSZ K., WASILEWSKA A., KOSSAKOWSKA A., ZALEWSKA A. A case-control study of salivary redox homeostasis in hypertensive children. Can salivary uric acid be a marker of hypertension? Journal of clinical medicine. 2020;9(3):837.10.3390/jcm9030837714128032204502
]Search in Google Scholar
[
37. MACIEJCZYK M ZA, GERRETH, K.. Salivary Redox Biomarkers in Selected Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Clin Med. 2020;9:497.10.3390/jcm9020497707409232059422
]Search in Google Scholar
[
38. CHOROMAŃSKA B., MYŚLIWIEC P., ŁUBA M., WOJSKOWICZ P., MYŚLIWIEC H., CHOROMAŃSKA K., et al.Impact of weight loss on the total antioxidant/oxidant potential in patients with morbid obesity—a longitudinal study. Antioxidants. 2020;9(5):376.10.3390/antiox9050376727868732369921
]Search in Google Scholar
[
39. GUNJALLI G., KUMAR KN., JAIN SK., REDDY SK., SHAVI GR., AJAGANNANAVAR SL. Total salivary anti-oxidant levels, dental development and oral health status in childhood obesity. Journal of international oral health: JIOH. 2014;6(4):63.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
40. ZALEWSKA A., KOSSAKOWSKA A., TARANTA-JANUSZ K., ZIĘBA S., FEJFER K., SALAMONOWICZ M., et al.Dysfunction of salivary glands, disturbances in salivary antioxidants and increased oxidative damage in saliva of overweight and obese adolescents. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020;9(2):548.10.3390/jcm9020548707409932079369
]Search in Google Scholar
[
41. PELUSO I., RAGUZZINI A. Salivary and urinary total antioxidant capacity as biomarkers of oxidative stress in humans. Pathology research international. 2016.10.1155/2016/5480267476139526966611
]Search in Google Scholar
[
42. BLACK S KI, SAMOLS D. C-reactive Protein. JBiol Chem. 2004;279(47):48487–90.10.1074/jbc.R40002520015337754
]Search in Google Scholar
[
43. MOUTACHAKKIR M., BARAOU A., BOUKHIRA A., CHELLAK S, editors. Immunoanalytical characteristics of C-reactive protein and high sensitivity C-reactive protein. Annales de biologie clinique; 2017.10.1684/abc.2017.123228377336
]Search in Google Scholar
[
44. PATHAK A., AGRAWAL A. Evolution of C-reactive protein. Frontiers in immunology. 2019;10:943.10.3389/fimmu.2019.00943650305031114584
]Search in Google Scholar
[
45. YAO Z., ZHANG Y., WU H. Regulation of C-reactive protein conformation in inflammation. Inflammation Research. 2019;68(10):815–23.10.1007/s00011-019-01269-131312858
]Search in Google Scholar
[
46. DONOVAN LE., JANOWITZ E., KIM JY. Escalating Risk of Metabolic Syndrome Imparted by Salivary Biomarker in Obese Children. Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology. 2021;2(1):24–6.10.47544/johsk.2021.2.1.24
]Search in Google Scholar
[
47. FAAM B., ZARKESH M., DANESHPOUR MS., AZIZI F., HEDAYATI M. Association between abdominal obesity and hs-CRP, IL-6 and HCY in Tehranian adults: TLGS. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism. 2014;13(2):163–71.
]Search in Google Scholar
